Artificial neural networks, ubiquitous machine-learning models that can be trained to complete many tasks, are so called because their architecture is inspired by the way biological neurons process information in the human brain.
About six years ago, scientists discovered a new type of more powerful neural network model known as a transformer. These models can achieve unprecedented performance, such as by generating text from prompts with near-human-like accuracy. A transformer underlies AI systems such as ChatGPT and Bard, for example. While incredibly effective, transformers are also mysterious: Unlike with other brain-inspired neural network models, it hasn’t been clear how to build them using biological components.
Now, researchers from MIT, the MIT-IBM Watson AI Lab, and Harvard Medical School have produced a hypothesis that may explain how a transformer could be built using biological elements in the brain. They suggest that a biological network composed of neurons and other brain cells called astrocytes could perform the same core computation as a transformer.
Recent research has shown that astrocytes, non-neuronal cells that are abundant in the brain, communicate with neurons and play a role in some physiological processes, like regulating blood flow. But scientists still lack a clear understanding of what these cells do computationally.
With the new study, published this week in open-access format in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, the researchers explored the role astrocytes play in the brain from a computational perspective, and crafted a mathematical model that shows how they could be used, along with neurons, to build a biologically plausible transformer.
Their hypothesis provides insights that could spark future neuroscience research into how the human brain works. At the same time, it could help machine-learning researchers explain why transformers are so successful across a diverse set of complex tasks.
“The brain is far superior to even the best artificial neural networks that we have developed, but we don’t really know exactly how the brain works. There is scientific value in thinking about connections between biological hardware and large-scale artificial intelligence networks. This is neuroscience for AI and AI for neuroscience,” says Dmitry Krotov, a research staff member at the MIT-IBM Watson AI Lab and senior author of the research paper.
Joining Krotov on the paper are lead author Leo Kozachkov, a postdoc in the MIT Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences; and Ksenia V. Kastanenka, an assistant professor of neurobiology at Harvard Medical School and an assistant investigator at the Massachusetts General Research Institute.
A Biological Impossibility Becomes Plausible
Transformers operate differently than other neural network models. For instance, a recurrent neural network trained for natural language processing would compare each word in a sentence to an internal state determined by the previous words. A transformer, on the other hand, compares all the words in the sentence at once to generate a prediction, a process called self-attention.
For self-attention to work, the transformer must keep all the words ready in some form of memory, Krotov explains, but this didn’t seem biologically possible due to the way neurons communicate.
However, a few years ago scientists studying a slightly different type of machine-learning model (known as a Dense Associated Memory) realized that this self-attention mechanism could occur in the brain, but only if there were communication between at least three neurons.
“The number three really popped out to me because it is known in neuroscience that these cells called astrocytes, which are not neurons, form three-way connections with neurons, what are called tripartite synapses,” Kozachkov says.
When two neurons communicate, a presynaptic neuron sends chemicals called neurotransmitters across the synapse that connects it to a postsynaptic neuron. Sometimes, an astrocyte is also connected — it wraps a long, thin tentacle around the synapse, creating a tripartite (three-part) synapse. One astrocyte may form millions of tripartite synapses.
The astrocyte collects some neurotransmitters that flow through the synaptic junction. At some point, the astrocyte can signal back to the neurons. Because astrocytes operate on a much longer time scale than neurons — they create signals by slowly elevating their calcium response and then decreasing it — these cells can hold and integrate information communicated to them from neurons. In this way, astrocytes can form a type of memory buffer, Krotov says.
“If you think about it from that perspective, then astrocytes are extremely natural for precisely the computation we need to perform the attention operation inside transformers,” he adds.
Building a Neuron-Astrocyte Network
With this insight, the researchers formed their hypothesis that astrocytes could play a role in how transformers compute. Then they set out to build a mathematical model of a neuron-astrocyte network that would operate like a transformer.
They took the core mathematics that comprise a transformer and developed simple biophysical models of what astrocytes and neurons do when they communicate in the brain, based on a deep dive into the literature and guidance from neuroscientist collaborators.
Then they combined the models in certain ways until they arrived at an equation of a neuron-astrocyte network that describes a transformer’s self-attention.
“Sometimes, we found that certain things we wanted to be true couldn’t be plausibly implemented. So, we had to think of workarounds. There are some things in the paper that are very careful approximations of the transformer architecture to be able to match it in a biologically plausible way,” Kozachkov says.
Through their analysis, the researchers showed that their biophysical neuron-astrocyte network theoretically matches a transformer. In addition, they conducted numerical simulations by feeding images and paragraphs of text to transformer models and comparing the responses to those of their simulated neuron-astrocyte network. Both responded to the prompts in similar ways, confirming their theoretical model.
“Having remained electrically silent for over a century of brain recordings, astrocytes are one of the most abundant, yet less explored, cells in the brain. The potential of unleashing the computational power of the other half of our brain is enormous,” says Konstantinos Michmizos, associate professor of computer science at Rutgers University, who was not involved with this work. “This study opens up a fascinating iterative loop, from understanding how intelligent behavior may truly emerge in the brain, to translating disruptive hypotheses into new tools that exhibit human-like intelligence.”
The next step for the researchers is to make the leap from theory to practice. They hope to compare the model’s predictions to those that have been observed in biological experiments, and use this knowledge to refine, or possibly disprove, their hypothesis.
In addition, one implication of their study is that astrocytes may be involved in long-term memory, since the network needs to store information to be able act on it in the future. Additional research could investigate this idea further, Krotov says.
“For a lot of reasons, astrocytes are extremely important for cognition and behavior, and they operate in fundamentally different ways from neurons. My biggest hope for this paper is that it catalyzes a bunch of research in computational neuroscience toward glial cells, and in particular, astrocytes,” adds Kozachkov.
Why Growth Companies May Take a Backseat for a While
Most everything runs in cycles; this is especially true for investment trends, investment styles, and investment performance or results. It looks like value investing has been making its long-awaited return to favor. This could be good news for investors that are frightened of the dizzying heights reached by tech’s top performers (the bigger they are, the harder they could fall) and provide an opportunity for those that know stock market history and expect it to repeat its time-tested performance attributes.
Value Versus Growth
It makes sense to quickly define value stocks and growth stocks as there are big differences, even though to the untrained, it may sound like we are talking about the same thing.
Growth stocks are stocks that are expected to outpace the overall market. These stocks are typically priced higher, using metrics we’ll discuss later, than value stocks because investors are willing to pay a premium for the expected future earnings growth. The definition can include large-cap companies still on a high growth trajectory like Apple (AAPL) or Tesla (TSLA), and small-cap companies such as AI company Soundhound (SOUN) or microcap companies like last quarter’s digital mining favorite Bit Digital (BTBT).
Value stocks are those trading for less than their intrinsic value. This means that for any one of a number of reasons, including momentum traders being distracted from value, the stock is priced below what the investor believes it should be worth. Put simply; value investors believe that they can identify stocks that are undervalued because they are not current “favorites” in the market. Large-cap examples could include well-established consumer goods company Proctor and Gamble (PG) as it is stable and growing, but not with great speed, or small-cap digital, television, and audio provider Entravision (EVC). Microcap companies may also be considered value stocks, take for example dry-bulk shipping company, Eurodry (EDRY). While the company has earnings and pays an above-average dividend, the nature of the business does not place its earnings expectations to become a multiple of its current business five or ten years from now.
Created by Channelchek
The Important History
Going back more than 40 years to the decade of the 1980s value stocks outperformed; the 1990s were led by growth opportunities. Then, in 2000, value investing beat growth for seven consecutive years. From there growth companies dominated through 2021. These are long cycles. In 2020, the year of ample stimulus money and Robinhood trading, growth seemed to have reached a crescendo and may have concluded its outperformance cycle with the strongest leg, beating value by more than 30 percentage points – the widest margin since at least 1927. Then, in 2021 value became the more dominant provider of performance. While trends are best seen in the rearview mirror, it appears that value investing has made and is continuing to make a comeback.
Last year, 2022, value beat growth by almost 25%, that is, using as a benchmark the S&P 500 Growth ETF (IVW) relative to the S&P 500 Value ETF (IVE). Both were down, but growth fell by 29.5% while value dipped by 5.4%.
Those that missed the growth stock go-go part of the cycle can only wish they could turn back time. Instead they must play the cards that are in their hands now. You can’t invest on yesterday’s circumstances. The question now is, has there been an ongoing shift to value, and how far can it go? Will it make up for the many underperforming years?
Are We in a Period of Value Outperformance?
One point already made is that markets and segments of the financial markets run in cycles. That actually lacks a clear definition. Surmising that over a long enough time period, the two will take turns outperforming with value more often, providing higher returns to investors lacks definition and traditional factors for one to outperform.
Over the last decade, low interest rates brought a lot of investors into the stock market. Most of those years investors were highly rewarded. Those with a greater risk tolerance did best which increased the risk appetite across the board. Growth, especially on the technology front, was rapid, during the pandemic. The demand for technology reached a peak and was met with investor cash as factors like stimulus checks, no commission trades, smartphone trading apps, and free time all converged at once. No wonder 2021 was so strong.
Consider this: The Price Earnings Ratio (P/E) of the Nasdaq 100 is 30.25, that is to say the average stock is priced at over 30 times annual earnings. The growth ETF IVW is at 23.5 times earnings. Meanwhile, the P/E of the value ETF IVE is only 20.6 times earnings. If earnings of past high flyers discontinue their growth trajectory either by increased costs such as interest rates or decreased sales partly prompted by the Fed injecting cash into the system, their growth may stall for some time. Investors will have to look for opportunity elsewhere, in other words, find value. The cheaper stocks (lower P/E) are where they have turned in the past, which keeps the two running in cycles.
Take Away
Value had a much better year than growth last year and seems to be in a position to make up for over a decade of lost ground to the riskier growth stocks. A portion of yesterday’s demand may have been met and likely borrowed from today’s demand for products involving communication and technology. For instance, Apple is expected to sell far fewer smartphones this year.
The year 2022 was a wake up call for those involved that became accustomed to making money each time they chased and bought an already expensive stock. These stocks now are competing with certificates of deposit rates at the local bank, and the idea that there is too wide of a gap between growth and value. For those that are long-term investors, they may look at history and decide that stocks, not fixed income, will provide the most return. Using a similar comparison, they may also expect that for growth and value to approach their normal relationship to each other, value will need a few years of significant outperformance or many years of mild outperformance. Either way, value investing is now the easier argument to make.
Transformative Period Led by Acquisition of TeraImmune
Company to Prioritize Development of New TI-168 Treg Asset for Hemophilia A
Continuing to Advance Neuromuscular Blockade (NMB) Portfolio at Modest Pace
Announcement of Positive Top-Line Results from Phase 2 BX1000 Trial
MALVERN, Pa., Aug. 16, 2023 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) — Baudax Bio, Inc. (Nasdaq:BXRX) (“Baudax Bio” or the “Company”), is a biotechnology company focused on developing T cell receptor (“TCR”) therapies utilizing human regulatory T cells (“Tregs”), as well as a portfolio of clinical stage Neuromuscular Blocking Agents (“NMBs”) and an associated reversal agent, today announced results for the three and six months ended June 30, 2023 and provided a business update.
“Our second quarter was a transformative period for Baudax Bio, during which we announced positive top-line results from our Phase 2 BX1000 trial and capped off with our acquisition of TeraImmune,” said Gerri Henwood, President and Chief Executive Officer of Baudax Bio. “The transaction with TeraImmune adds the promising TI-168 clinical stage asset to our portfolio. TI-68 is a next-generation, autologous FVIII TCR-Treg cell therapy candidate to eliminate clotting factor VIII (FVIII) inhibitors in Hemophilia A patients — a rare genetic bleeding disorder that is caused by a lack of FVIII. We believe this is an attractive therapeutic area, with established preclinical proof of concept in TI-168 through successes observed in Hemophilia A with inhibitors, animal models, and with an Investigational New Drug (IND) application already FDA-cleared. We believe we can, with a modest initial budget, activate the Phase 1/2a Clinical Trial of TI-168 for Treatment of hemophilia A with inhibitors. More broadly, we believe that this platform has potential for clinical applications, alone and in combination of, multiple other autoimmune disorders and therapeutic areas. By combining TeraImmune’s world class scientific team with Baudax Bio’s proven ability to execute clinical development programs, we believe we are well positioned to pursue development of TI-168 and realize its clinical potential, for one-time treatment, and further providing proof of concept for this TCR Treg approach.
“As noted above, we announced positive top-line data from our Phase 2 trial of BX1000 showing all patients in three BX1000 study cohorts were observed to have met the criteria for Good or Excellent intubating conditions at 60 seconds, and that study treatments were generally well tolerated with no occurrence of severe or serious adverse events,” continued Ms. Henwood. “Based on the strength of data from this program, which were highlighted in the Key Opinion Webinar we hosted, we continue to believe that when combined with our reversal agent BX3000, our NMB regimen may provide improved control of neuromuscular paralysis for surgical patients and deliver the first innovation in NMB in decades.”
“We believe the actions we’ve taken during our second quarter and recent weeks are a win for shareholders of both TeraImmune and Baudax Bio, and we look forward to working with our new colleagues to develop these assets to their full potential,” concluded Ms. Henwood.
Second Quarter 2023 and Recent Business Highlights
Acquisition of TeraImmune
The acquisition of TeraImmune was structured as a stock-for-stock transaction whereby all TeraImmune outstanding equity interests were exchanged for a combination of shares of Baudax common stock and shares of newly designated convertible Series X Non-Voting Convertible Preferred Stock. Subject to shareholder approval of the conversion, each share of Series X Non-Voting Convertible Preferred Stock will automatically convert into 1,000 shares of common stock, subject to certain beneficial ownership limitations set by each holder. On a pro forma basis and based upon the number of shares of Baudax Bio common stock and preferred stock issued in the acquisition, Baudax Bio equity holders immediately prior to the acquisition will own approximately 18% of the combined Company (on an as-converted, fully-diluted basis and excluding certain out-of-the-money warrants held by Baudax Bio’s equity holders) immediately after these transactions. The acquisition was unanimously approved by the Board of Directors of Baudax Bio and the Board of Directors of TeraImmune. The closing of the transaction was not subject to the approval of Baudax Bio shareholders.
Gerri Henwood, President and Chief Executive Officer of Baudax Bio, will continue as CEO of the combined entity. In conjunction with the transaction, Yong Chan Kim, PhD, former Chief Executive Officer of TeraImmune, was appointed to the Board of Directors of Baudax Bio in July.
Nobel Capital provided a fairness opinion to the Baudax Bio Board of Directors.
TI-168 and other Potential Product Candidates
The most advanced of the TeraImmune TCR Tregs is TI-168, intended for one time treatment of Hemophilia A with inhibitors. An IND for a Phase 1/2a study of TI-168 in patients with Hemophilia A with inhibitors has been cleared by FDA. The Company is now in the process of speaking with prospective investigators and assessing the readiness of potential study site staff and logistics for support of the clinical trial. The Company intends to select study sites and file for IRB (Investigational Review Board) approval at those study institutions. Hemophilia A with inhibitors is an Orphan Condition (in terms of numbers of patients) and the Company estimates that the trial would be ready to open one or more initial study sites and begin to enroll patients in approximately Q1 of 2024.
In addition to the TI-168 clinical stage product candidate, the Company has begun research work on other potential candidates for the TCR Treg platform in conditions such as Myasthenia Gravis, which it believes can be advanced to IND stage by approximately the end of 2024/early 2025, as well as other earlier stage potential product candidates.
NMB Portfolio
BX1000 Top-Line Data – The Company announced positive top-line results from its Phase 2 clinical trial of BX1000 for neuromuscular blockade (NMB) in patients undergoing elective surgery. Results of the study showed that BX1000 met the primary endpoint of readiness for intubation (evaluated as “Good” or “Excellent”) at all dose levels assessed. No severe adverse events were observed in any dose regimen.
Results showed that all patients in three BX1000 study cohorts were observed to have met the criteria for Good or Excellent intubating conditions at 60 seconds. There was evidence of a dose-response across the three doses of BX1000, and the degree of blockade for the highest dose group appears comparable to that of the “standard” dose of rocuronium (0.6 mg/kg) employed in the study. Study treatments were generally well tolerated, with no occurrence of severe or serious adverse events. The frequency and severity of adverse events was similar across all four dose groups, and no notable events were aggregated in any one dose group.
A further patient safety follow-up at 28 days after surgery, as well as additional analyses of EMG neuromuscular blockade data, showed a clear dose response for BX1000 on maximum T1 suppression with comparable results for the 1.5x ED95 dose of BX1000 and the 2X ED95 dose of rocuronium. An equivalent “time to 80% NMB” was also observed between the highest dose level for BX1000 (0.35 mg/kg) and rocuronium (0.66 mg/kg). Recovery measures showed equivalent time for “full recovery” for the highest dose of BX1000 (0.35 mg/kg) and rocuronium (0.60 mg/kg), but with tighter, thus more predictable, margins for BX1000.
The Company intends to continue development of its NMB portfolio at a prudent pace while prioritizing development of TI-168.
Financial Results for the Three Months Ended June 30, 2023
As of June 30, 2023, Baudax Bio had cash and cash equivalents of $1.4 million.
Research and development expenses from continuing operations for the three months ended June 30, 2023 were $1.8 million compared to $0.9 million for the three months ended June 30, 2022. The increase of $0.9 million was primarily the result of an increase in clinical and preclinical trials costs associated with our NMB program.
General and administrative expenses from continuing operations for the three months ended June 30, 2023 were $2.3 million compared to $2.9 million for the same prior year period. The decrease of $0.6 million was primarily a result of a reduction in personnel costs of $0.6 million and a decrease in consulting expenses of $0.3 million, partially offset by an increase in public company costs of $0.3 million.
Baudax Bio reported net loss from continuing operations of $(7.3) million, or $(1.49) per share, for the three months ended June 30, 2023. Net loss from continuing operations for the three months ended June 30, 2022 was $(4.3) million, or $(24.20) per share.
Financial Results for the Six Months Ended June 30, 2023
Research and development expenses from continuing operations for the six months ended June 30, 2023 were $4.7 million compared to $1.6 million for the six months ended June 30, 2022. The increase of $3.1 million was primarily due to an increase in operational expenses associated with our NMB program, including clinical and preclinical trials costs, of $2.8 million and an increase in general expenses, including consulting and other outside service expenses, of $0.3 million.
General and administrative expenses from continuing operations for the six months ended June 30, 2023 were $4.0 million compared to $9.8 million for the same prior year period. The decrease of $5.8 million was primarily a result of a reduction in personnel costs of $4.1 million, a decrease in consulting expenses of $0.9 million, a decrease in public company costs of $0.4 million, a decrease of $0.2 million in patent legal expenses and a decrease of $0.2 million in other costs.
Baudax Bio reported net loss from continuing operations of $(14.7) million, or $(4.08) per share, for the six months ended June 30, 2023. Net loss from continuing operations for the six months ended June 30, 2022 was $(12.5) million, or $(89.40) per share.
About Baudax Bio
Baudax Bio/TeraImmune is a biotech company focused on innovative products for certain auto-immune conditions, of which many but not all, are orphan drug conditions as well as acute care and related settings. The combined company will further the development of Treg therapy specific to HA (pipeline candidate TI-168). TI-168 is a next-generation, FVIII specific Treg therapy designed to reliably and effectively address Hemophilia A patients with FVIII inhibitor. By combining the patented Treg culture method and TeraImmune designed FVIII-specific TCR, the Company has successfully demonstrated the therapeutic concept of FVIII TCR-Treg therapy in controlling of FVIII ADA in a hemophilic animal model. The lead program TI-168 has shown encouraging pre-clinical data and the FDA has cleared an IND to commence a Phase 1/2a clinical trial for the treatment of Hemophilia A with inhibition.
In addition, over time, the combined company will advance the development of TeraImmune’s innovative immune-cell therapies, leveraging a dual Treg manufacturing platform consisting of both natural regulatory T cells (Tregs) isolated from patients and induced Tregs converted from a patient’s T-effector (Teff) cells. This Treg platform technology is designed for conditions that suppress unwanted immune reactions and includes the allogenic, or off-the-shelf, Tregs obtained from Umbilical Cord Blood for the treatment of skin diseases such as Atopic Dermatitis.
This press release contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, including, but not limited to, statements regarding: uses of proceeds; projected cash runways; future product development plans; and stockholder approval of the conversion rights of the Series X Preferred Stock, in each case, that involve risks and uncertainties. Such forward-looking statements reflect Baudax Bio’s expectations about its future performance and opportunities that involve substantial risks and uncertainties. When used herein, the words “anticipate,” “believe,” “estimate,” “may,” “upcoming,” “plan,” “target,” “goal,” “intend,” and “expect,” and similar expressions, as they relate to Baudax Bio or its management, and TeraImmune or its management, are intended to identify such forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements are neither historical facts nor assurances of future performance. Instead, they are based on Baudax Bio’s current beliefs, expectations and assumptions regarding the future of its business, future plans and strategies, clinical results and other future conditions. There are a number of important factors that could cause Baudax Bio’s actual results to differ materially from those indicated or implied by such forward-looking statements including, without limitation: whether Baudax Bio will be able to successfully integrate the TeraImmune operations and realize the anticipated benefits of the acquisition of TeraImmune; whether Baudax Bio’s shareholders approve the conversion of the Series X Preferred Stock and the required cash payment of the then-current fair value of the Series X Preferred Stock if such approval is not provided; whether Baudax Bio’s cash resources will be sufficient to fund Baudax Bio’s continuing operations and the newly acquired TeraImmune operations, including the liabilities of TeraImmune incurred in connection with the completion of the Merger; whether Baudax Bio’s collaborations will be successful; whether Baudax Bio will be able to advance its current product candidate pipeline through preclinical studies and clinical trials, that interim results may not be indicative of final results in clinical trials, that earlier-stage trials may not be indicative of later-stage trials, the approvability of product candidates; whether Baudax Bio will be able to comply with the financial and other covenants under its credit facility; and whether Baudax Bio will be able to maintain its listing on the Nasdaq Capital Market. New risks and uncertainties may emerge from time to time, and it is not possible to predict all risks and uncertainties. No representations or warranties (expressed or implied) are made about the accuracy of any such forward-looking statements. Baudax Bio may not actually achieve the forecasts disclosed in such forward-looking statements, and you should not place undue reliance on such forward-looking statements. Such forward-looking statements are subject to a number of material risks and uncertainties including but not limited to those set forth under the caption “Risk Factors” in Baudax Bio’s most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC, as well as discussions of potential risks, uncertainties, and other important factors in its subsequent filings with the SEC. Any forward looking statement speaks only as of the date on which it was made. Neither Baudax Bio, nor any of its affiliates, advisors or representatives, undertake any obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statement, whether as result of new information, future events or otherwise, except as required by law. These forward-looking statements should not be relied upon as representing Baudax Bio’s views as of any date subsequent to the date hereof.
Important Additional Information and Where to Find It
Baudax Bio, Inc., its directors and certain of its executive officers are deemed to be participants in the solicitation of proxies from Baudax Bio’s shareholders in connection with the matters to be considered at Baudax Bio’s 2023 Special Meeting of Shareholders. Information regarding the names of Baudax Bio’s directors and executive officers and their respective interests in Baudax Bio by security holdings or otherwise can be found in Baudax Bio’s proxy statement for its 2022 Annual Meeting of Shareholders, filed with the SEC on April 28, 2023. To the extent holdings of Baudax Bio’s securities have changed since the amounts set forth in Baudax Bio’s proxy statement for the 2023 Annual Meeting of Stockholders, such changes have been reflected on Initial Statements of Beneficial Ownership on Form 3 or Statements of Change in Ownership on Form 4 filed with the SEC. These documents are available free of charge at the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov. Baudax Bio intends to file a proxy statement and accompanying proxy card with the SEC in connection with the solicitation of proxies from Baudax Bio shareholders in connection with the matters to be considered at Baudax Bio’s 2023 Special Meeting of Shareholders. Additional information regarding the identity of participants, and their direct or indirect interests, by security holdings or otherwise, will be set forth in Baudax Bio’s proxy statement for its 2023 Special Meeting, including the schedules and appendices thereto. INVESTORS AND SHAREHOLDERS ARE STRONGLY ENCOURAGED TO READ ANY SUCH PROXY STATEMENT AND THE ACCOMPANYING PROXY CARD AND ANY AMENDMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTS THERETO AS WELL AS ANY OTHER DOCUMENTS FILED BY BAUDAX BIO WITH THE SEC CAREFULLY AND IN THEIR ENTIRETY WHEN THEY BECOME AVAILABLE AS THEY WILL CONTAIN IMPORTANT INFORMATION. Shareholders will be able to obtain copies of the proxy statement, any amendments or supplements to the proxy statement, the accompanying proxy card, and other documents filed by Baudax Bio with the SEC for no charge at the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov. Copies will also be available at no charge at the Investor Relations section of Baudax Bio’s corporate website at https://www.baudaxbio.com/news-and-investors.com or by contacting Baudax Bio’s Investor Relations at Baudax Bio, Inc., 490 Lapp Road, Malvern, PA 19355 or by calling Baudax Bio’s Investor Relations at (484) 395-2440.
(amounts in thousands, except share and per share data)
June 30, 2023
December 31, 2022
Assets
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents
$
1,416
$
5,259
Prepaid expenses and other current assets
444
303
Current assets of discontinued operation
—
785
Total current assets
1,860
6,347
Property and equipment, net
3,781
9
Right-of-use asset, net
2,939
854
Intangible asset, net
3,500
—
Goodwill
9,236
2,127
Non-current assets of discontinued operation
—
695
Total assets
$
21,316
$
10,032
Liabilities, Non-Voting Convertible Preferred Stock and Shareholders’ Deficit
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable
$
5,828
$
3,198
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities
2,648
2,133
Current portion of long-term debt, net
4,861
5,600
Current portion of operating lease liability
614
231
Current portion of contingent consideration
260
Convertible bond payable
1,000
—
Derivative instrument
5,246
—
Current liabilities of discontinued operation
—
10,298
Total current liabilities
20,457
21,460
Long-term debt, net
—
1,519
Long-term operating lease liability
2,296
585
Deferred tax liability
202
—
Other long-term liabilities
—
13
Non-current liabilities of discontinued operation
—
10,697
Total liabilities
22,955
34,274
Mezzanine equity:
Series X non-voting convertible preferred stock, $0.01 par value, Authorized, 27,090 shares; issued and outstanding 20,066 shares at June 30, 2023
9,040
—
Shareholders’ deficit:
Preferred stock, $0.01 par value. Authorized, 10,000,000 shares; issued and outstanding, 0 shares at June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022
—
—
Common stock, $0.01 par value. Authorized, 190,000,000 shares; issued and outstanding, 6,961,867 shares at June 30, 2023 and 1,623,913 shares at December 31, 2022
70
16
Additional paid-in capital
176,126
166,646
Accumulated deficit
(186,875
)
(190,904
)
Total shareholders’ deficit
(10,679
)
(24,242
)
Total liabilities, non-voting convertible preferred stock and shareholders’ equity
$
21,316
$
10,032
Consolidated Statements of Operations (Unaudited)
For the Three Months Ended June 30,
For the Six Months Ended June 30,
(amounts in thousands, except share and per share data)
2023
2022
2023
2022
Operating expenses:
Research and development
$
1,779
$
879
$
4,696
$
1,573
General and administrative
2,254
2,898
4,025
9,832
Change in fair value of warrants and derivatives
2,870
(1
)
2,870
(6
)
Change in contingent consideration valuation
142
—
142
—
Total operating expenses
7,045
3,776
11,733
11,399
Operating loss from continuing operations
(7,045
)
(3,776
)
(11,733
)
(11,399
)
Other expense:
Other expense, net
(256
)
(569
)
(2,954
)
(1,140
)
Net loss from continuing operations
$
(7,301
)
$
(4,345
)
$
(14,687
)
$
(12,539
)
Income (loss) on discontinued operation
(74
)
(3,186
)
18,716
(7,801
)
Net income (loss)
$
(7,375
)
$
(7,531
)
$
4,029
$
(20,340
)
Per share information:
Net loss per share from continuing operations, basic and diluted
$
(1.49
)
$
(24.20
)
$
(4.08
)
$
(89.40
)
Net income (loss) per share from discontinued operation, basic and diluted
$
(0.02
)
$
(17.75
)
$
5.20
$
(55.62
)
Net income (loss) per share, basic and diluted
$
(1.51
)
$
(41.95
)
$
1.12
$
(145.03
)
Weighted average common shares outstanding, basic and diluted
MIAMI, Aug. 16, 2023 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) — Motorsport Games Inc. (NASDAQ: MSGM) (“Motorsport Games” or the “Company”), a leading racing game developer, publisher and esports ecosystem provider of official motorsport racing series throughout the world, will report its financial results for the first fiscal quarter of 2023 on Monday, August 21, 2023, after market close. Management will host a conference call and webcast on the same day at 5:00 p.m. ET to discuss the results.
Participants may access the live webcast on the Company’s investor relations website at https://ir.motorsportgames.com under “Events.” The call may also be accessed by dialing 1 (844) 826-3033 from the U.S., or by dialing 1 (412) 317-5185 internationally.
About Motorsport Games: Motorsport Games, a Motorsport Network company, is a leading racing game developer, publisher and esports ecosystem provider of official motorsport racing series throughout the world. Combining innovative and engaging video games with exciting esports competitions and content for racing fans and gamers, Motorsport Games strives to make the joy of racing accessible to everyone. The Company is the officially licensed video game developer and publisher for iconic motorsport racing series across PC, PlayStation, Xbox, Nintendo Switch and mobile, including NASCAR, INDYCAR, 24 Hours of Le Mans and the British Touring Car Championship (“BTCC”), as well as the industry leading rFactor 2 and KartKraft simulations. rFactor 2 also serves as the official sim racing platform of Formula E, while also powering F1 Arcade through a partnership with Kindred Concepts. Motorsport Games is an award-winning esports partner of choice for 24 Hours of Le Mans, Formula E, BTCC, the FIA World Rallycross Championship and the eNASCAR Heat Pro League, among others. Motorsport Games is building a virtual racing ecosystem where each product drives excitement, every esports event is an adventure and every story inspires.
Website and Social Media Disclosure:
Investors and others should note that we announce material financial information to our investors using our investor relations website (ir.motorsportgames.com), SEC filings, press releases, public conference calls and webcasts. We use these channels, as well as social media and blogs, to communicate with our investors and the public about our company and our products. It is possible that the information we post on our websites, social media and blogs could be deemed to be material information. Therefore, we encourage investors, the media and others interested in our company to review the information we post on the websites, social media channels and blogs, including the following (which list we will update from time to time on our investor relations website):
PDS Biotech Announces Data from IMMUNOCERV Phase 2 Trial Investigating PDS0101 and Chemoradiotherapy in Cervical Cancer to be Featured in Oral Presentation at the ASTRO 2023 Annual Meeting
Study evaluates the effect of combining PDS0101 with standard of care on levels of circulating HPV viral DNA in cervical cancer patients and impact on disease status and clearance
PRINCETON, N.J., Aug. 16, 2023 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) — PDS Biotechnology Corporation (Nasdaq: PDSB) (PDS Biotech or the Company), a clinical-stage immunotherapy company developing a growing pipeline of targeted cancer immunotherapies and infectious disease vaccines based on the Company’s proprietary T cell activating platforms, today announced that data from the IMMUNOCERV Phase 2 clinical trial investigating PDS0101 in combination with standard-of-care chemoradiotherapy (CRT) for the treatment of locally advanced cervical cancer will be featured in an oral presentation at the American Society for Radiation Oncology (ASTRO 2023) Annual Meeting. ASTRO 2023 is being held October 1-4, 2023, in San Diego, CA.
The abstract, titled “HPV Circulating Cell-Free DNA Kinetics in Cervical Cancer Patients Undergoing Definitive Chemoradiation,” will report on the levels of circulating HPV-positive cell-free DNA (HPV-cfDNA) in the blood of 47 cervical cancer patients during and after CRT treatment, including subjects in the IMMUNOCERV study who received PDS0101 in addition to CRT. The research is designed to evaluate the relationship between the levels of circulating HPV viral DNA and the extent of disease, clinical staging, and treatment response in patients with HPV-positive cervical cancer. The findings will be presented by Dr. Aaron Seo, MD, Ph.D., The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center.
“We are pleased that PDS0101 is being evaluated in this cutting-edge approach to better understand the patients’ prognosis and the mechanism by which PDS0101 may impact clinical outcomes in cervical cancer, and we look forward to Dr. Seo’s presentation at ASTRO 2023,” stated Dr. Lauren V. Wood, Chief Medical Officer of PDS Biotech. “Examination of HPV-cfDNA in this larger cohort of patients will also provide additional insights to the IMMUNOCERV data presented at SITC 2022, which suggested that PDS0101 promotes the induction of multifunctional CD8 killer T cells that were associated with declines in circulating tumor DNA and 100% (9/9) clinical response with greater than 60% tumor shrinkage at mid-point evaluation in high-risk cervical cancer patients.”
The IMMUNOCERV Phase 2 study is investigating PDS0101 in combination with standard-of-care CRT in the treatment of patients with large tumors over 5 cm in size and/or cancer that has spread to the lymph nodes. Presentation Details: Abstract #: 55593 Abstract Title: HPV Circulating Cell-Free DNA Kinetics in Cervical Cancer Patients Undergoing Definitive Chemoradiation Presenter: Aaron Seo Author Block: Aaron Seo, Weihong Xiao, Olsi Gjyshi, Kyoko Court, Tatiana Cisneros Napravnik, Aradhana Venkatesan, Erica Lynn, Julie Sammouri, Lauren Colbert, Anuja Jhingran, Melissa Joyner, Lilie Lin, Maura Gillison, Ann Klopp Scientific Session Number: SS 02 Scientific Session Title: GYN 1: Integrating the Next Wave of Biomarkers for Future Gynecologic Clinical Trials Session Date/Time: October 1, 8:00AM-9:00AM
About PDS Biotechnology
PDS Biotech is a clinical-stage immunotherapy company developing a growing pipeline of targeted cancer and infectious disease immunotherapies based on our proprietary Versamune®, Versamune® plus PDS0301, and Infectimune® T cell-activating platforms. We believe our targeted immunotherapies have the potential to overcome the limitations of current immunotherapy approaches through the activation of the right type, quantity and potency of T cells. To date, our lead Versamune® clinical candidate, PDS0101, has demonstrated the ability to reduce and shrink tumors and stabilize disease in combination with approved and investigational therapeutics in patients with a broad range of HPV16-associated cancers in multiple Phase 2 clinical trials and will be advancing into a Phase 3 clinical trial in combination with KEYTRUDA® for the treatment of recurrent/metastatic HPV16-positive head and neck cancer in 2023. Our Infectimune® based vaccines have also demonstrated the potential to induce not only robust and durable neutralizing antibody responses, but also powerful T cell responses, including long-lasting memory T cell responses in pre-clinical studies to date. To learn more, please visit www.pdsbiotech.com or follow us on Twitter at @PDSBiotech.
About Versamune®
Versamune® is a novel investigational T cell activating platform which effectively stimulates a precise immune system response to a cancer-specific protein. Versamune® based investigational immunotherapies promote a potent targeted T cell attack against cancers expressing the protein. They are given by subcutaneous injection and can be combined with standard of care treatments. Clinical data suggest that Versamune® based investigational immunotherapies, such as PDS0101, demonstrate meaningful disease control by reducing and shrinking tumors, delaying disease progression and/or prolonging survival. Versamune® based immunotherapies have demonstrated minimal toxicity to date that may allow them to be safely combined with other treatments. We believe Versamune® based investigational immunotherapies represent a transformative treatment approach for cancer patients to provide improved efficacy, safety and tolerability.
About PDS0101
PDS0101, PDS Biotech’s lead candidate, is a novel investigational human papillomavirus (HPV)-targeted immunotherapy that stimulates a potent targeted T cell attack against HPV-positive cancers. PDS0101 is given by subcutaneous injection alone or in combination with other immunotherapies and cancer treatments. In a Phase 1 study of PDS0101 in monotherapy, the treatment demonstrated the ability to generate multifunctional HPV16-targeted CD8 and CD4 T cells with minimal toxicity. Interim data suggests PDS0101 generates clinically effective immune responses, and the combination of PDS0101 with other treatments can demonstrate significant disease control by reducing or shrinking tumors, delaying disease progression and/or prolonging survival. The combination of PDS0101 with other treatments does not appear to compound the toxicity of other agents.
Forward Looking Statements
This communication contains forward-looking statements (including within the meaning of Section 21E of the United States Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and Section 27A of the United States Securities Act of 1933, as amended) concerning PDS Biotechnology Corporation (the “Company”) and other matters. These statements may discuss goals, intentions and expectations as to future plans, trends, events, results of operations or financial condition, or otherwise, based on current beliefs of the Company’s management, as well as assumptions made by, and information currently available to, management. Forward-looking statements generally include statements that are predictive in nature and depend upon or refer to future events or conditions, and include words such as “may,” “will,” “should,” “would,” “expect,” “anticipate,” “plan,” “likely,” “believe,” “estimate,” “project,” “intend,” “forecast,” “guidance”, “outlook” and other similar expressions among others. Forward-looking statements are based on current beliefs and assumptions that are subject to risks and uncertainties and are not guarantees of future performance. Actual results could differ materially from those contained in any forward-looking statement as a result of various factors, including, without limitation: the Company’s ability to protect its intellectual property rights; the Company’s anticipated capital requirements, including the Company’s anticipated cash runway and the Company’s current expectations regarding its plans for future equity financings; the Company’s dependence on additional financing to fund its operations and complete the development and commercialization of its product candidates, and the risks that raising such additional capital may restrict the Company’s operations or require the Company to relinquish rights to the Company’s technologies or product candidates; the Company’s limited operating history in the Company’s current line of business, which makes it difficult to evaluate the Company’s prospects, the Company’s business plan or the likelihood of the Company’s successful implementation of such business plan; the timing for the Company or its partners to initiate the planned clinical trials for PDS0101, PDS0203 and other Versamune® and Infectimune® based product candidates; the future success of such trials; the successful implementation of the Company’s research and development programs and collaborations, including any collaboration studies concerning PDS0101, PDS0203 and other Versamune® and Infectimune® based product candidates and the Company’s interpretation of the results and findings of such programs and collaborations and whether such results are sufficient to support the future success of the Company’s product candidates; the success, timing and cost of the Company’s ongoing clinical trials and anticipated clinical trials for the Company’s current product candidates, including statements regarding the timing of initiation, pace of enrollment and completion of the trials (including the Company’s ability to fully fund its disclosed clinical trials, which assumes no material changes to the Company’s currently projected expenses), futility analyses, presentations at conferences and data reported in an abstract, and receipt of interim or preliminary results (including, without limitation, any preclinical results or data), which are not necessarily indicative of the final results of the Company’s ongoing clinical trials; any Company statements about its understanding of product candidates mechanisms of action and interpretation of preclinical and early clinical results from its clinical development programs and any collaboration studies; and other factors, including legislative, regulatory, political and economic developments not within the Company’s control. The foregoing review of important factors that could cause actual events to differ from expectations should not be construed as exhaustive and should be read in conjunction with statements that are included herein and elsewhere, including the other risks, uncertainties, and other factors described under “Risk Factors,” “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and elsewhere in the documents we file with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. The forward-looking statements are made only as of the date of this press release and, except as required by applicable law, the Company undertakes no obligation to revise or update any forward-looking statement, or to make any other forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.
Versamune® and Infectimune® are registered trademarks of PDS Biotechnology. KEYTRUDA® is a registered trademark of Merck Sharp and Dohme LLC, a subsidiary of Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, N.J., USA.
VANCOUVER, BC, Aug. 16, 2023 /CNW/ – Defense Metals Corp. (“Defense Metals” or the “Company“) (TSXV: DEFN) (OTCQB: DFMTF) (FSE: 35D) is pleased to provide a progress update with respect to its 2023 site infrastructure geotechnical investigations. The work, with support of the Defense Metals’ technical team and APEX Geoscience Ltd., is being completed by SRK Consulting (Canada) Inc. (“SRK“) one of the principal consultants for the preliminary feasibility study (“PFS“) regarding the Company’s Wicheeda Rare Earth Element (REE) Project located near Prince George, Canada.
Image 1: SRK engineering personnel logging WSF sonic overburden material (CNW Group/Defense Metals Corp.)
“It is great to see our technical consulting teams making significant headway with the Wicheeda site investigations. Defence Metals has assembled a world class team of experts who have both the experience and technical skills to bring this project through pre-feasibility.”
The SRK geotechnical investigation includes the following scopes:
Geotechnical engineering (waste rock, tailings, contact water pond, and site infrastructure geotechnical investigation),
Tailings alternative assessment prior to advancing into PFS-level design of a preferred alternative,
Geochemical characterization (to support mine planning/waste management and to develop preliminary water chemistry predictions for the main mine facilities).
The work completed to date included field site inspections from SRK personnel: Principial Consultant – Mining Rock Mechanics, Ed Saunders, P.Eng. (waste storage facility geotechnical); Principal Consultant – Geochemistry, Kirsty Ketchum, Ph.D., P.Geo. (metal leaching and acid/alkaline rock drainage geochemical characterization); and Senior Consultant- Mining Rock Mechanics, Aton Bloem (open pit geotechnical).
Site infrastructure geotechnical investigations planned include a series of excavated test pits, and sonic overburden drill holes designed to support the preliminary characterization of the shallow soil subsurface and bedrock foundations of potential future waste rock storage (WSF), mineralization stockpile, contact water pond (CWP), crusher, processing plant (INF), and tailings storage facility (TSF) locations.
To date a total of 13 excavated tests pits and 4 sonic overburden geotechnical holes for a total of 93 metres have been completed to characterize surficial material conditions within the proposed WSF, CWP, and TSF areas (Images 1 and 2). Site geotechnical investigations encountered shallow overburden conditions (nil or <1 metre overburden depth), excavated test pit depths ranging from 1 to 5 metres; and sonic overburden drill holes in areas of thicker surficial material ranging from 7 metre to >36.6 metre depth to bedrock.
SRK on site engineering consultants supervised the investigations and carried out soil geotechnical logging, direct testing, sampling, photography of recovered materials, standpipe installation, and coordination of laboratory testing. SRK will process the data collected from the sonic drilling and test pit investigations, and laboratory testing results will be incorporated into the QA/QC dataset.
In addition to infrastructure geotechnical investigations, SRK has commenced a tailings alternatives assessment prior to advancing into PFS-level design of a preferred alternative. This will include tailings characterization and development of design criteria, a siting evaluation, and an alternatives trade-off.
As part of the geochemical characterization scopes SRK has completed a review and compilation of site geological and geochemical data and drill core logs that have been acquired since the 2021 preliminary economic assessment (PEA). These data will be used to develop a sampling plan of the existing drill core for geochemical characterization of the proposed mine facilities, and future set-up of on-site kinetic leach tests (barrel tests). Data will be interpreted to support mine planning/waste management and to develop preliminary water chemistry predictions for the main mine facilities (source terms). Source terms are an input to the site water and load balance model.
Excavated test pit and sonic overburden drilling is currently paused and is expected to resume as part of the WSF, CWP, INF, and TSF (and TSF alternative) geotechnical investigations during September in conjunction with the planned drilling of an additional four (4) pit geotechnical core holes totalling 820 metres.
Qualified Person
The scientific and technical information contained in this news release as it relates to the Wicheeda REE Project has been reviewed and approved by Kristopher J. Raffle, P.Geo. (B.C.), Principal and Consultant of APEX Geoscience Ltd. of Edmonton, Alberta, who is a director of Defense Metals and a “Qualified Person” as defined in NI 43-101.
About the Wicheeda REE Property
Defense Metals 100% owned, 6,759-hectare (~16,702-acre) Wicheeda Project is located approximately 80 km northeast of the city of Prince George, British Columbia; population 77,000. The Wicheeda REE Project is readily accessible by all-weather gravel roads and is near infrastructure, including hydro power transmission lines and gas pipelines. The nearby Canadian National Railway and major highways allow easy access to the port facilities at Prince Rupert, the closest major North American port to Asia.
The 2021 Wicheeda REE Project Preliminary Economic Assessment technical report outlined a robust after-tax net present value (NPV@8%) of $517 million and an 18% IRR1. This PEA contemplated an open pit mining operation with a 1.75:1 (waste:mill feed) strip ratio providing a 1.8 Mtpa (“million tonnes per year”) mill throughput producing an average of 25,423 tonnes REO annually over a 16 year mine life. A Phase 1 initial pit strip ratio of 0.63:1 (waste:mill feed) would yield rapid access to higher grade surface mineralization in year 1 and payback of $440 million initial capital within 5 years.
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1 Independent Preliminary Economic Assessment for the Wicheeda Rare Earth Element Project, British Columbia, Canada, dated January 6, 2022, with an effective date of November 7, 2021, and prepared by SRK Consulting (Canada) Inc. is filed under Defense Metals Corp.’s Issuer Profile on SEDAR (www.sedarplus.ca).
About Defense Metals Corp.
Defense Metals Corp. is a mineral exploration and development company focused on the development of its 100% owned Wicheeda Rare Earth Element Deposit located near Prince George, British Columbia, Canada. Defense Metals Corp. trades on the TSX Venture Exchange under the symbol “DEFN”, in the United States, trading symbol “DFMTF” on the OTCQB and in Germany on the Frankfurt Exchange under “35D”.
Defense Metals is a proud member of Discovery Group. For more information please visit: http://www.discoverygroup.ca/
Neither the TSX Venture Exchange nor its Regulation Services Provider (as that term is defined in the policies of the TSX Venture Exchange) accepts responsibility for the adequacy or accuracy of this news release.
Cautionary Statement Regarding “Forward-Looking” Information
This news release contains “forward‐looking information or statements” within the meaning of applicable securities laws, which may include, without limitation, statements relating to advancing the Wicheeda REE Project, completion of additional geotechnical work including pit geotechnical core holes and the expected timelines, the expected completion of the PFS, the technical, financial and business prospects of the Company, its project and other matters. All statements in this news release, other than statements of historical facts, that address events or developments that the Company expects to occur, are forward-looking statements. Although the Company believes the expectations expressed in such forward-looking statements are based on reasonable assumptions, such statements are not guarantees of future performance and actual results may differ materially from those in the forward-looking statements. Such statements and information are based on numerous assumptions regarding present and future business strategies and the environment in which the Company will operate in the future, including the price of rare earth elements, the anticipated costs and expenditures, accuracy of assay results, performance of available laboratory and other related services, future operating costs, interpretation of geological, engineering and metallurgical data, the ability to achieve its goals, that general business and economic conditions will not change in a material adverse manner, that financing will be available if and when needed and on reasonable terms. Such forward-looking information reflects the Company’s views with respect to future events and is subject to risks, uncertainties and assumptions, including the risks and uncertainties relating to the interpretation of exploration, engineering and metallurgical results, risks related to the inherent uncertainty of exploration, metallurgy and development and cost estimates, the potential for unexpected costs and expenses and those other risks filed under the Company’s profile on SEDAR at www.sedarplus.ca. While such estimates and assumptions are considered reasonable by the management of the Company, they are inherently subject to significant business, economic, competitive and regulatory uncertainties and risks. Factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those in forward looking statements include, but are not limited to, continued availability of capital and financing and general economic, market or business conditions, adverse weather and climate conditions, failure to maintain or obtain all necessary government permits, approvals and authorizations, failure to maintain community acceptance (including First Nations), risks relating to unanticipated operational difficulties (including failure of equipment or processes to operate in accordance with specifications or expectations, cost escalation, unavailability of personnel, materials and equipment, government action or delays in the receipt of government approvals, industrial disturbances or other job action, and unanticipated events related to health, safety and environmental matters), risks relating to inaccurate geological, metallurgical and engineering assumptions, decrease in the price of rare earth elements, the impact of Covid-19 or other viruses and diseases on the Company’s ability to operate, an inability to predict and counteract the effects of COVID-19 and other viruses and diseases on the business of the Company, the price of commodities, capital market conditions, restriction on labour and international travel and supply chains, loss of key employees, consultants, or directors, increase in costs, delayed results, litigation, and failure of counterparties to perform their contractual obligations. The Company does not undertake to update forward‐looking statements or forward‐looking information, except as required by law.
TORONTO, Aug. 16, 2023 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) — Labrador Gold Corp. (TSX.V:LAB | OTCQX:NKOSF | FNR: 2N6) (“LabGold” or the “Company”) is pleased to announce results from recent prospecting along the highly prospective Appleton Fault Zone at its 100% owned Kingsway Project.
Recent prospecting between Big Vein and Golden Glove near the southern property boundary has located a new gold showing, the Knobby occurrence. Grab samples from quartz vein outcrops returned gold values from below detection (<5ppb) to 30.58 g/t including samples grading 0.4g/t, 2.7g/t and 29.19 g/t Au. Three parallel veins were observed and have been traced along an east-west strike for approximately 200 metres. Stibnite mineralization was observed associated with the quartz veining. This is the first indication of gold mineralization along the Appleton Fault Zone between Big Vein and Golden Glove, an area that has seen little work to date.
“Today’s results of high-grade, surface gold mineralization in quartz vein outcrops between Big Vein and Golden Glove is very encouraging for the prospectivity of this 3-kilometre section of the Appleton Fault Zone,” said Roger Moss, President and CEO of Labrador Gold Corp. “This is an area that we have prioritized for drilling in the latter part of this year once we complete an ongoing ground magnetic/VLF survey and receive the necessary permits. We are excited by the discovery of the Knobby occurrence which is reminiscent of our initial discovery of Big Vein by prospecting almost three years ago.”
Figure 1. Location of Knobby occurrence between Big Vein and Golden Glove.
Figure 2. Geochemical anomalies between Big Vein and Golden Glove.
Figure 3. Photos of Knobby Vein outcrop.
Prospecting is ongoing in the area of the Knobby occurrence and Groundtruth Exploration is currently completing a ground Mag/VLF survey extending from the southern property boundary to Big Vein. LabGold has submitted an application to drill up to 95 drill holes along this portion of the Appleton Fault Zone.
Upcoming Webinar
The Company is also pleased to announce that LabGold CEO, Roger Moss, will be presenting an exploration update on the Kingsway Project in a live webinar taking place on Wednesday, August 23rd at 12:00pm PT / 3:00pm ET. To register for the event please click the link below.
All rock samples are grab samples, which are selective samples and not necessarily representative of mineralization found on the property. Samples are securely stored prior to shipping to Eastern Analytical Laboratory in Springdale, Newfoundland for assay. Eastern Analytical is an ISO/IEC17025 accredited laboratory. Samples are routinely analyzed for gold by standard 30g fire assay with atomic absorption finish as well as by ICP-OES for an additional 34 elements. Samples containing visible gold are assayed by metallic screen/fire assay, as are any samples with fire assay results greater than 1g/t Au. The company submits blanks and certified reference standards at a rate of approximately 5% of the total samples in each batch.
Qualified Person
Roger Moss, PhD., P.Geo., President and CEO of LabGold, a Qualified Person in accordance with Canadian regulatory requirements as set out in NI 43-101, has read and approved the scientific and technical information that forms the basis for the disclosure contained in this release.
The Company gratefully acknowledges the Newfoundland and Labrador Ministry of Natural Resources’ Junior Exploration Assistance (JEA) Program for its financial support for exploration of the Kingsway property.
About Labrador Gold Labrador Gold is a Canadian based mineral exploration company focused on the acquisition and exploration of prospective gold projects in Eastern Canada.
Labrador Gold’s flagship property is the 100% owned Kingsway project in the Gander area of Newfoundland. The three licenses comprising the Kingsway project cover approximately 12km of the Appleton Fault Zone which is associated with numerous gold occurrences in the region. Infrastructure in the area is excellent located just 18km from the town of Gander with road access to the project, nearby electricity and abundant local water. LabGold is drilling a projected 100,000 metres targeting high-grade epizonal gold mineralization along the Appleton Fault Zone with encouraging results. The Company has approximately $12 million in working capital and is well funded to carry out the planned program.
The Hopedale property covers much of the Florence Lake greenstone belt that stretches over 60 km. The belt is typical of greenstone belts around the world but has been underexplored by comparison. Work to date by Labrador Gold show gold anomalies in rocks, soils and lake sediments over a 3 kilometre section of the northern portion of the Florence Lake greenstone belt in the vicinity of the known Thurber Dog gold showing where grab samples assayed up to 7.8g/t gold. In addition, anomalous gold in soil and lake sediment samples occur over approximately 40 km along the southern section of the greenstone belt. Labrador Gold now controls approximately 40km strike length of the Florence Lake Greenstone Belt.
The Company has 170,009,979 common shares issued and outstanding and trades on the TSX Venture Exchange under the symbol LAB.
For more information please contact: Roger Moss, President and CEO Tel: 416-704-8291
Or visit our website at: www.labradorgold.com
Twitter: @LabGoldCorp
Neither TSX Venture Exchange nor its Regulation Services Provider (as that term is defined in policies of the TSX Venture Exchange) accepts responsibility for the adequacy or accuracy of this release .
Forward-Looking Statements: This news release contains forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties, which may cause actual results to differ materially from the statements made. When used in this document, the words “may”, “would”, “could”, “will”, “intend”, “plan”, “anticipate”, “believe”, “estimate”, “expect” and similar expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements. Such statements reflect our current views with respect to future events and are subject to risks and uncertainties. Many factors could cause our actual results to differ materially from the statements made, including those factors discussed in filings made by us with the Canadian securities regulatory authorities. Should one or more of these risks and uncertainties, such as actual results of current exploration programs, the general risks associated with the mining industry, the price of gold and other metals, currency and interest rate fluctuations, increased competition and general economic and market factors, occur or should assumptions underlying the forward looking statements prove incorrect, actual results may vary materially from those described herein as intended, planned, anticipated, or expected. We do not intend and do not assume any obligation to update these forward-looking statements, except as required by law. Shareholders are cautioned not to put undue reliance on such forward-looking statements.
CULVER CITY, Calif., Aug. 16, 2023 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) — Snail, Inc. (Nasdaq: SNAL) (“Snail”), a leading, global independent developer and publisher of interactive digital entertainment, today announced Wolpertinger Games, a newly contracted independent studio, aims to launch the early access of Survivor Mercs on Thursday September 14th, 2023, on Steam and Steam Deck. This launch marks a major progression in the collaborative journey between Snail and Wolpertinger Games since the recent partnership announcement.
Survivor Mercs is a rogue-lite action game that blends the bullet-heaven and extraction shooter genre for a challenging single-player experience where no two gameplay runs are alike. Players assume the role of the Commander of an elite Mercs squad, battling against a formidable mega-corporation’s private robot army on procedurally generated battlefields. The game offers an engaging combination of strategy, tactics, action and adventure, coupled with the opportunity to build your squad from a diverse roster of Mercs, each with individual skill trees and weapon configurations. Furthermore, the procedurally generated maps of Survivor Mercs present different mission parameters and unique bosses, ensuring unpredictability and excitement in every operation.
Jim Tsai, Chief Executive Officer of Snail, commented, “Following our recent strategic partnership announcement with Wolpertinger Games, we are delighted to present the early access launch of Survivor Mercs. We aim to leverage our resources and expertise to assist Wolpertinger Games in publishing and promoting this high – quality indie game, ensuring players enjoy a seamless early access launch experience. As we move forward, we will continue fostering such partnerships, supporting indie studios, and delivering captivating gaming experiences to our global audience.”
Snail is a leading, global independent developer and publisher of interactive digital entertainment for consumers around the world, with a premier portfolio of premium games designed for use on a variety of platforms, including consoles, PCs and mobile devices.
Forward-Looking Statements
This press release contains statements that constitute forward-looking statements. Many of the forward-looking statements contained in this press release can be identified by the use of forward-looking words such as “anticipate,” “believe,” “could,” “expect,” “should,” “plan,” “intend,” “may,” “predict,” “continue,” “estimate” and “potential,” or the negative of these terms or other similar expressions. Forward-looking statements appear in a number of places in this press release and include, but are not limited to, statements regarding Snail’s intent, belief or current expectations. These forward-looking statements include information about possible or assumed future results of Snail’s business, financial condition, results of operations, liquidity, plans and objectives. The statements Snail makes regarding the following matters are forward-looking by their nature: growth prospects and strategies; launching new games and additional functionality to games that are commercially successful, including the launch of ARK: Survival Ascended, ARK: The Animated Series and ARK 2; expectations regarding significant drivers of future growth; its ability to retain and increase its player base and develop new video games and enhance existing games; competition from companies in a number of industries, including other game developers and publishers and both large and small, public and private Internet companies; its relationships with third-party platforms such as Xbox Live and Game Pass, PlayStation Network, Steam, Epic Games Store, the Apple App Store, the Google Play Store, My Nintendo Store and the Amazon Appstore; expectations for future growth and performance; and assumptions underlying any of the foregoing.
Single Ascending Dose Escalation Study to Evaluate the Safety, Tolerability, Pharmacokinetics, and Pharmacodynamics of TNX-1500
Study Designed to Support Planned Phase 2 Trial in Prevention of Kidney Transplant Rejection
Multiple Possible Indications, Including Bone Marrow Transplantation and Autoimmune Diseases: Potential Pipeline in a Product
TNX-1500 is the First of Tonix’s Internally-Developed Biologic Candidates to Reach the Clinic
CHATHAM, N.J., Aug. 16, 2023 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) — Tonix Pharmaceuticals Holding Corp. (Nasdaq: TNXP), a biopharmaceutical company with marketed products and a pipeline of development candidates, today announced the initiation of a Phase 1 single ascending dose escalation study of TNX-1500 (Fc-modified humanized anti-CD40L monoclonal antibody or mAb) in healthy volunteers. The primary objectives of the study are to assess the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of intravenous (IV) TNX-1500.
TNX-1500 is in development for the prevention of kidney transplant rejection and other potential transplant and autoimmune disorder indications. Recent animal studies indicate that TNX-1500 prevents organ rejection and preserves graft function either as a single agent or in combination with other drugs.1,2 Eligible participants enrolled in the Phase 1 study will be evaluated regularly over a 120-day period after dosing. Target enrollment is 36 participants. Initiation of this first-in-human study is intended to support dosing in a planned Phase 2 trial in kidney transplant recipients.
“Despite advancements in the field of solid organ transplantation, there remains a significant need for new treatments with improved activity and tolerability,” said Seth Lederman, M.D., Chief Executive Officer of Tonix Pharmaceuticals. “TNX-1500 has demonstrated single agent activity for long-term organ acceptance and induction of tolerance in animals.1,2 Potentially related to its activity, in preclinical studies, TNX-1500 preserves T regulatory cells, or Tregs, which are key to maintaining tolerance to grafts as well as to self-antigens. We believe TNX-1500 has the potential to prevent organ transplant rejection and improve long-term graft survival with reduced long-term toxicity burden compared to current immunosuppressive regimens. In addition, TNX-1500 has the potential to address multiple indications, including a number of autoimmune diseases. The range of potential indications suggests ‘pipeline in a product’ potential.”
“We are excited to advance TNX-1500 into the clinic by initiating this Phase 1 trial,” said Dr. Greg Sullivan, Chief Medical Officer of Tonix. “TNX-1500 is a third generation anti-CD40L mAb that has been designed by protein engineering to decrease FcγRIIA binding. Preclinical studies in non-human primates demonstrated that TNX-1500 is active in preventing allograft organ rejection and is well tolerated. Specifically, thrombotic complications associated with first generation anti-CD40L mAbs, were not observed, suggesting that the protein engineering underlying TNX-1500 has achieved its design goals.”
Dr. Lederman continued, “Recently, positive clinical data with other CD40L blockers have been reported by Sanofi, with its Fc-modified humanized anti-CD40L mAb frexalimab in treating relapsing multiple sclerosis,3 and from Horizon Therapeutics plc with its tn03 fusion protein dazodalibep in treating Sjögren’s syndrome.4,5 UCB is in Phase 3 development with its anti-CD40L pegylated Fab, dapirolizumab pegol, for the treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus.6 Based on results from animals, we consider Fc-modified humanized TNX-1500 to be a potential best-in-class therapeutic in the CD40L blocker space.”
CD40L is a member of the TNF-α superfamily, which includes TNF-α and RANKL. TNF-α is the target for several established drugs, including Humira® (adalimumab), Remicade® (infliximab), Enbrel® (etanercept), and Cimzia® (certolizumab). RANKL is targeted by Prolia® and Xgeva® (denosumab). Emerging TNF-α superfamily targets for therapeutics include TL1A, CD30L, Ox40L, and 41BBL. Merck acquired Prometheus Biosciences for its anti-TL1A and anti-CD30L programs.
Dr. Lederman concluded, “TNX-1500 is the first of Tonix’s internally-developed biologic candidates to reach the clinic. Tonix owns worldwide rights to TNX-1500, which are unencumbered by royalties. Our ability to develop and advance protein therapeutics is facilitated by our Research and Development Center (RDC) in Frederick, Md. and our Advanced Development Center (ADC) in Dartmouth, Mass.”
About TNX-1500
TNX-1500 (Fc-modified humanized anti-CD40L mAb) is a humanized monoclonal antibody that interacts with the CD40-ligand (CD40L), which is also known as CD154. TNX-1500 is being developed for the prevention of allograft and xenograft rejection, for the treatment of autoimmune diseases and for the prevention of graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HCT). A Phase 1 study of TNX-1500 was initiated in the third quarter of 2023. Two articles have recently published in the American Journal of Transplantation that demonstrate TNX-1500 prolongs non-human primate renal and heart allograft survival1,2.
Lassiter, G., et al. (2023). TNX-1500, a crystallizable fragment–modified anti-CD154 antibody, prolongs non-human primate renal allograft survival. American Journal of Transplantation. April 3, 2023. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajt.2023.03.022
Miura, S., et al. (2023) TNX-1500, a crystallizable fragment–modified anti-CD154 antibody, prolongs non-human primate cardiac allograft survival. American Journal of Transplantation. April 6, 2023. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajt.2023.03.025
Tonix is a biopharmaceutical company focused on commercializing, developing, discovering and licensing therapeutics to treat and prevent human disease and alleviate suffering. Tonix Medicines, our commercial subsidiary markets Zembrace® SymTouch® (sumatriptan injection) 3 mg and Tosymra® (sumatriptan nasal spray) 10 mg under a transition services agreement with Upsher-Smith Laboratories from whom the products were acquired on June 30, 2023. Zembrace SymTouch and Tosymra are each indicated for the treatment of acute migraine with or without aura in adults. Tonix’s development portfolio is composed of central nervous system (CNS), rare disease, immunology and infectious disease product candidates. Tonix’s CNS development portfolio includes both small molecules and biologics to treat pain, neurologic, psychiatric and addiction conditions. Tonix’s lead development CNS candidate, TNX-102 SL (cyclobenzaprine HCl sublingual tablet), is in mid-Phase 3 development for the management of fibromyalgia, having completed enrollment of a potentially confirmatory Phase 3 study in the third quarter of 2023, with topline data expected in the fourth quarter of 2023. TNX-102 SL is also being developed to treat fibromyalgia-type Long COVID, a chronic post-acute COVID-19 condition. Enrollment in a Phase 2 proof-of-concept study has been completed, and topline results are expected in the third quarter of 2023. TNX-601 ER (tianeptine hemioxalate extended-release tablets) is a once-daily oral formulation being developed as a treatment for major depressive disorder (MDD), that completed enrollment in a Phase 2 proof-of-concept study in the third quarter of 2023, with topline results expected in the fourth quarter of 2023. TNX-4300 (estianeptine) is a single isomer version of TNX-601, small molecule oral therapeutic in preclinical development to treat MDD, Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease. Relative to tianeptine, estianeptine lacks activity on the µ-opioid receptor while maintaining activity in the rat Novel Object Recognition test in vivo and the ability to activate PPAR-β/δ and neuroplasticity in tissue culture. TNX-1900 (intranasal potentiated oxytocin), is in development for preventing headaches in chronic migraine, and has completed enrollment in a Phase 2 proof-of-concept study with topline data expected in the fourth quarter of 2023. TNX-1900 is also being studied in binge eating disorder, pediatric obesity and social anxiety disorder by academic collaborators under investigator-initiated INDs. TNX-1300 (cocaine esterase) is a biologic designed to treat cocaine intoxication and has been granted Breakthrough Therapy designation by the FDA. A Phase 2 study of TNX-1300 is expected to be initiated in the third quarter of 2023. Tonix’s rare disease development portfolio includes TNX-2900 (intranasal potentiated oxytocin) for the treatment of Prader-Willi syndrome. TNX-2900 has been granted Orphan Drug designation by the FDA. Tonix’s immunology development portfolio includes biologics to address organ transplant rejection, autoimmunity and cancer, including TNX-1500, which is a humanized monoclonal antibody targeting CD40-ligand (CD40L or CD154) being developed for the prevention of allograft rejection and for the treatment of autoimmune diseases. A Phase 1 study of TNX-1500 was initiated in the third quarter of 2023. Tonix’s infectious disease pipeline includes TNX-801, a vaccine in development to prevent smallpox and mpox. TNX-801 also serves as the live virus vaccine platform or recombinant pox vaccine platform for other infectious diseases. The infectious disease development portfolio also includes TNX-3900 and TNX-4000, which are classes of broad-spectrum small molecule oral antivirals.
*Tonix’s product development candidates are investigational new drugs or biologics and have not been approved for any indication.
Tonix Medicines has contracted to acquire the Zembrace SymTouch and Tosymra registered trademarks. Intravail is a registered trademark of Aegis Therapeutics, LLC, a wholly owned subsidiary of Neurelis, Inc.
This press release and further information about Tonix can be found at www.tonixpharma.com.
Forward Looking Statements
Certain statements in this press release are forward-looking within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. These statements may be identified by the use of forward-looking words such as “anticipate,” “believe,” “forecast,” “estimate,” “expect,” and “intend,” among others. These forward-looking statements are based on Tonix’s current expectations and actual results could differ materially. There are a number of factors that could cause actual events to differ materially from those indicated by such forward-looking statements. These factors include, but are not limited to, risks related to the failure to obtain FDA clearances or approvals and noncompliance with FDA regulations; risks related to the failure to successfully market any of our products; risks related to the timing and progress of clinical development of our product candidates; our need for additional financing; uncertainties of patent protection and litigation; uncertainties of government or third party payor reimbursement; limited research and development efforts and dependence upon third parties; and substantial competition. As with any pharmaceutical under development, there are significant risks in the development, regulatory approval and commercialization of new products. Tonix does not undertake an obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statement. Investors should read the risk factors set forth in the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) on March 13, 2023, and periodic reports filed with the SEC on or after the date thereof. All of Tonix’s forward-looking statements are expressly qualified by all such risk factors and other cautionary statements. The information set forth herein speaks only as of the date thereof.
Gregory Aurand, Senior Vice President, Equity Research Analyst, Healthcare Services & Medical Devices, Noble Capital Markets, Inc.
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An Asymmetric Return Profile SPAC. iCoreConnect Inc. (OTC; ICCT) will merge with FG Merger Sub Inc., a wholly owned subsidiary of FG Merger Corp. (Nasdaq; FGMC). In connection with this merger, FGMC will change its name to iCoreConnect Inc. Management believes this is a unique convertible preferred stock asymmetric return structure transaction for FGMC holders, as the preferred will pay a 12% dividend and offer downside protection. The merger is targeting unlocking value in ICCT, and seeking uplisting ICCT to Nasdaq to gain better access to capital. The merger is expected to close mid-to-late August 2023.
Secular Drivers of Growth. iCoreConnect’s target customers are healthcare providers, dental support organizations, hospitals, and payors. Customers are seeking to reduce costs, improve profitability, and achieve better compliance with regulatory mandates through cloud-based multi-solution SaaS (Software as a Service) applications. The SaaS market is estimated to grow nearly 18% annually through 2028, but iCoreConnect expects to grow substantially faster, with an increasing sales reach as the Company expands its commercial sales force.
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QuoteMedia is a leading software developer and cloud-based syndicator of financial market information and streaming financial data solutions to media, corporations, online brokerages, and financial services companies. The Company licenses interactive stock research tools such as streaming real-time quotes, market research, news, charting, option chains, filings, corporate financials, insider reports, market indices, portfolio management systems, and data feeds. QuoteMedia provides industry leading market data solutions and financial services for companies such as the Nasdaq Stock Exchange, TMX Group (TSX Stock Exchange), Canadian Securities Exchange (CSE), London Stock Exchange Group, FIS, U.S. Bank, Broadridge Financial Systems, JPMorgan Chase, CI Financial, Canaccord Genuity Corp., Hilltop Securities, HD Vest, Stockhouse, Zacks Investment Research, General Electric, Boeing, Bombardier, Telus International, Business Wire, PR Newswire, FolioFN, Regal Securities, ChoiceTrade, Cetera Financial Group, Dynamic Trend, Inc., Qtrade Financial, CNW Group, IA Private Wealth, Ally Invest, Inc., Suncor, Virtual Brokers, Leede Jones Gable, Firstrade Securities, Charles Schwab, First Financial, Cirano, Equisolve, Stock-Trak, Mergent, Cision, Day Trade Dash and others. Quotestream®, QModTM and Quotestream ConnectTM are trademarks of QuoteMedia. For more information, please visit www.quotemedia.com.
Michael Kupinski, Director of Research, Equity Research Analyst, Digital, Media & Technology , Noble Capital Markets, Inc.
Jacob Mutchler, Research Associate, Noble Capital Markets, Inc.
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Mixed Q2 results. The second quarter results were mixed, with revenues lighter than expected and adj. EBITDA largely in line. Revenues were adversely affected by exchange rates but, after that adjustment, were still a little light. Total company revenues increased 9.6% to $4.7 million versus our $4.95 million estimate. Adj. EBITDA was $808,000 versus our $850,000 estimate.
Tempered revenue outlook. Management anticipates that revenue growth in the back half of the year will look similar to the growth rate in Q2. In addition to the exchange rate, revenues are expected to be adversely impacted by customers switching to cheaper exchange feed alternatives. This portion of its business carries a very low margin and, as such, adj. EBITDA is not significantly impacted.
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This Company Sponsored Research is provided by Noble Capital Markets, Inc., a FINRA and S.E.C. registered broker-dealer (B/D).
*Analyst certification and important disclosures included in the full report. NOTE: investment decisions should not be based upon the content of this research summary. Proper due diligence is required before making any investment decision.
Joe Gomes, Managing Director, Equity Research Analyst, Generalist , Noble Capital Markets, Inc.
Joshua Zoepfel, Research Associate, Noble Capital Markets, Inc.
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Increased Demand for Kefir. Lifeway experienced continued momentum in its kefir products, as the Company had its 15th consecutive quarter of topline growth. Higher volumes of the drinkable kefir along with higher prices continued to benefit Lifeway’s sales, while more favorable milk pricing allowed the Company to generate better gross margin, which improved 1,170 basis points over the previous year.
Great 2Q Results. Lifeway reported sales of $39.2 million, above last year’s $33.5 million and our projection of $37.5 million. Gross margin was 28.7% versus 17.0% in the prior year. Net income for Lifeway was $3.16 million, or diluted EPS of $0.21, compared to $0.12 million, or $0.01, last year. We projected net income of $0.97 million, or EPS of $0.06.
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*Analyst certification and important disclosures included in the full report. NOTE: investment decisions should not be based upon the content of this research summary. Proper due diligence is required before making any investment decision.
InPlay Oil is a junior oil and gas exploration and production company with operations in Alberta focused on light oil production. The company operates long-lived, low-decline properties with drilling development and enhanced oil recovery potential as well as undeveloped lands with exploration possibilities. The common shares of InPlay trade on the Toronto Stock Exchange under the symbol IPO and the OTCQX Exchange under the symbol IPOOF.
Michael Heim, Senior Vice President, Equity Research Analyst, Energy & Transportation, Noble Capital Markets, Inc.
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A combination of negative events led to a 7.6% year over year and 6.1% quarter over quarter decline in production. Management estimates that the events reduced production by 1,350 boe/day. The decline was larger than expected and led to management taking down 2023 production guidance to 9,100-9,500 boe/day from 9,500-10,000 boe/day. The production decline is unfortunate but should be viewed as temporary.
New wells coming on should boost production. Six wells have recently, or are about to, come on line. Initial well production is impressive. In addition, six new wells are planned for the rest of 2023. Management believes processing constraints should ease in the third quarter. Higher production, combined with easing processing constraints should help boost cash flow and earnings.
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