Mirum Pharmaceuticals (NASDAQ: MIRM) has announced a definitive agreement to acquire privately held Bluejay Therapeutics in a transformative deal that expands Mirum’s leadership in rare liver diseases and adds a high-potential late-stage asset to its growing pipeline. The acquisition, valued at $620 million upfront in cash and stock — plus up to $200 million in milestone payments — brings worldwide rights to brelovitug, a fully human monoclonal antibody currently in Phase 3 development for chronic hepatitis delta virus (HDV).
For Mirum, a company already recognized for developing and commercializing rare disease therapies—including LIVMARLI, CHOLBAM and CTEXLI—the deal aligns directly with its strategic focus: advancing life-changing medicines for overlooked patient populations. HDV, the most severe form of viral hepatitis, represents a large, high unmet-need market with no FDA-approved treatments, affecting more than 230,000 people across the U.S. and Europe.
Brelovitug has already gained international attention. The therapy holds FDA Breakthrough Therapy designation and the European Medicines Agency’s PRIME and Orphan designations. In Phase 2 trials, it demonstrated strong antiviral activity and a 100% HDV RNA response rate, along with improvements in liver enzyme levels. Its safety profile has been favorable, with the most notable adverse event being injection-site reactions.
The drug is currently being evaluated in the global, registrational AZURE Phase 3 program, which is enrolling patients worldwide. Top-line results are expected in the second half of 2026, with a potential BLA submission and commercial launch in 2027. If approved, brelovitug could become the first widely available treatment for chronic HDV.
Mirum CEO Chris Peetz emphasized that the acquisition fits squarely within Mirum’s mission and capabilities. “Brelovitug in HDV leverages our deep expertise in rare liver disease and builds on the relationships we’ve established with key providers through the volixibat and LIVMARLI programs,” he said. Bluejay’s founder and CEO, Keting Chu, echoed that sentiment, noting that Mirum’s rare disease specialization makes it “the right company to carry this program forward globally.”
The acquisition will be funded through a combination of cash, Mirum common stock, and a concurrent $200 million private placement with healthcare investors. Proceeds from the placement will support both clinical development and future commercial activities. The deal not only adds a late-stage asset to Mirum’s portfolio but also positions the company for four potential registrational readouts within the next 18 months—an unusually rich pipeline for a rare-disease-focused biotech.
Implications for the Biotech Landscape
The acquisition underscores a broader trend in the biotechnology sector: rare disease companies with commercial infrastructure are increasingly seeking late-stage assets to accelerate revenue growth and expand global presence. For small and mid-cap biopharma firms, especially those with single or early-stage assets, partnerships or acquisitions by specialized players like Mirum remain attractive pathways to scale.
Bluejay itself represents a textbook example of a high-quality private biotech that rapidly advanced a novel therapy—from development candidate to global Phase 3 program in four years—making it an appealing target in a competitive rare-disease market.
Pending regulatory approvals, the transaction is expected to close in the first quarter of 2026. If successful, brelovitug could mark one of the most important therapeutic advancements in liver disease in decades—and a major milestone in Mirum’s evolution into a global leader in rare hepatology.
Netflix’s landmark $72 billion acquisition of Warner Bros.’ studios and HBO Max marks one of the most transformative moments in modern entertainment history — a move that not only reshapes Hollywood’s power structure but also sends meaningful ripple effects through the small- and micro-cap media and technology ecosystem.
Announced Friday, the agreement gives Netflix control of Warner Bros.’ iconic film and TV library, including franchises like Harry Potter, DC, The Sopranos, Game of Thrones, and Friends, along with the HBO Max streaming platform. The deal is expected to close following Warner Bros. Discovery’s plan to spin off its Global Networks division in 2026, creating a new publicly traded entity housing CNN and its linear cable assets.
The acquisition is historic for Netflix, a company that has primarily built its empire through original content rather than mergers. As of Q3, nearly two-thirds of its content library consists of originals, with no single show representing more than 1% of viewership. This diversification insulated Netflix from industry consolidation — but the streaming landscape has changed dramatically.
With HBO Max, Paramount+, and Peacock all struggling to scale, analysts widely believe only a handful of global players will survive. Securing Warner Bros.’ intellectual property may not just be strategic — it may be defensive, ensuring that no rival streaming service gains control of one of Hollywood’s deepest content vaults.
The Small & Micro-Cap Effect: Why This Deal Matters Down the Ladder
While mega-cap giants are the headline story, the implications for small and micro-cap entertainment, production, and streaming-adjacent companies could be significant.
This consolidation wave often results in:
• Increased demand for independent content: As major studios merge, they frequently trim internal production pipelines. This opens opportunities for small-cap and micro-cap production houses, animation studios, and niche content creators that can sell or license projects to fill larger platforms’ volume needs.
• Rising valuations for niche streaming and IP owners: Micro-streamers, genre-focused platforms, and specialty content IP holders often benefit from industry shakeups. With the “big three” fighting for subscriber retention, specialty libraries — from horror to anime to sports archives — tend to gain acquisition interest or licensing deals.
• Technology spillover: Cloud providers, AI-driven media startups, captioning tech, localization companies, and compression software developers — many of which fall in the micro-cap category — may see increased demand as larger platforms race to integrate and scale newly combined content libraries.
• Greater pressure on small-cap competitors: Independent media companies without premium IP or distribution scale could feel heightened pressure. Some may become acquisition targets; others may need to pivot toward niche verticals to remain competitive.
In essence, mega-mergers at the top often spark a wave of secondary deals at the bottom.
Regulatory Uncertainty Still Looms
Like other bidders, Netflix will face intense regulatory scrutiny given its global scale. Analysts note that Paramount would have had the cleanest approval path. Meanwhile, competitor pressure may persist — both Paramount and Comcast could re-engage or attempt to challenge the deal’s fairness.
Still, Netflix ultimately prevailed thanks to one key advantage: liquidity. The final agreement provides each WBD shareholder $23.25 in cash and $4.50 in Netflix stock, demonstrating Netflix’s willingness to pay up to secure long-term streaming dominance.
A New Era of Entertainment
If approved, the acquisition unites a century of Warner Bros. storytelling with the world’s largest streaming platform — a fusion that could define the next chapter of global content.
For small and micro-cap players, the message is clear: Another consolidation wave is here, and the companies able to adapt quickly — or strategically position themselves as acquisition targets — stand to benefit the most.
Associated Bank is accelerating its Midwest expansion strategy with a major acquisition that will reshape its competitive position across the central U.S. The Green Bay, Wisconsin–based lender announced Monday that it will acquire Omaha, Nebraska–based American National Bank in an all-stock deal valued at $604 million, marking one of the most significant regional banking transactions of the year.
The acquisition will bring Associated Bank an additional 33 branches across Nebraska, Minnesota, and Iowa and add $5.3 billion in assets, $3.8 billion in loans, and $4.7 billion in deposits to its balance sheet. When the deal closes—expected in the second quarter of 2026—Associated will instantly become the No. 2 bank in the Omaha metro area and the No. 10 bank in Minneapolis–St. Paul based on deposit market share.
A Strategic Entry Into a High-Growth Market
Some industry analysts described the bank’s entry into Omaha as unexpected, but Associated Bank CEO Andy Harmening pushed back against that view. Omaha, he said, fits seamlessly into the bank’s geographically connected strategy and represents “a great banking market” with strong population gains, accelerating economic growth, and a business community deeply embedded in the region.
Harmening also emphasized the importance of acquiring an institution with strong local roots. American National Bank, founded in 1856, has long served as a leading financial partner for middle-market and family-owned businesses—a customer base that aligns well with Associated’s own commercial banking focus. The CEO noted that local connectivity was essential: “If you’re going to buy a bank in Omaha … you better have connectivity to the community, and we do.”
How the Partnership Strengthens Both Banks
For American National, the acquisition brings a valuable expansion of capabilities. It will gain access to Associated Bank’s broader product set, including capital markets services, equipment finance solutions, and more robust consumer banking tools. These additions are expected to enhance the bank’s ability to compete in its core commercial markets while offering customers a more comprehensive suite of financial services.
Associated Bank, meanwhile, will benefit from American National’s deep customer relationships and its portfolio of roughly 79,000 deposit accounts. The acquisition solidifies Associated’s presence in key markets where it has long sought additional scale and strengthens its position as a leading Midwest regional bank.
Under the terms of the transaction, American National shareholders will receive 36.250 shares of Associated stock for each of their own shares, giving them a 12% stake in the combined company, while Associated shareholders will hold the remaining 88%.
Financial Impact and Leadership Structure
From a financial standpoint, the deal is projected to be 1.2% dilutive to tangible book value per share at closing, with an expected 2.25-year earnback period. However, by 2027, it is anticipated to be 2% accretive to earnings per share, adding meaningful long-term value for shareholders.
As part of the agreement, American National co-chairperson and co-CEO Wende Kotouc will join Associated’s board, ensuring continued representation from the Omaha market. Meanwhile, fellow co-CEO John Kotouc will remain involved in a consultancy role as the banks integrate and expand their regional collaboration. The institutions also plan to establish an Omaha advisory board to support community-focused decision-making.
Growing Consolidation Across the Midwest Banking Landscape
This acquisition comes amid a surge in regional bank consolidation across the Midwest. Just weeks earlier, another Green Bay-based institution, Nicolet Bankshares, announced its $864 million purchase of MidWestOne Financial Group. Industry analysts say rising technology expenses, succession issues, and the increasing importance of scale are pressuring smaller banks to merge with larger regional players.
While Harmening stressed that Associated Bank does not intend to become a frequent acquirer, he acknowledged that opportunities fitting the bank’s long-term strategy will continue to be evaluated. The American National deal, he said, represents “the right partner, the right time, and the right markets,” reinforcing Associated’s commitment to serving the communities and businesses that define the Midwest.
Bridging the Compensation, Culture, and Compliance Gaps for Value Realization in 2025
The Healthcare and Life Sciences (HCLS) sector continues to be a powerhouse for global Mergers & Acquisitions (M&A) activity, driven by digitalization, specialized therapeutics, and the imperative for integrated care models. When European entities acquire US counterparts, the primary risk to deal value shifts from financial modeling to human capital integration. In 2025, transatlantic HCLS deals face an unprecedented trifecta of challenges: navigating the US’s competitive, burnout-driven talent market; identifying and realizing true operational synergies; and bridging the fundamental divide between US and EU compensation and benefits philosophies. Successfully integrating talent across these vastly different labor ecosystems is now the defining feature of deal success.
The Fierce Pursuit of Specialized US HCLS Talent
The US HCLS talent market in 2025 is defined by scarcity, rising costs, and high turnover – especially for highly specialized roles in advanced therapeutics, bioinformatics, and AI-driven diagnostics. Would-be European acquirers of US HCLS companies must move beyond reactive hiring to adopt future-ready strategies:
Skills-First & AI Operationalization: The industry is moving toward skills-based hiring, particularly for critical roles that drive transformation and innovation (e.g., Gene Editing, GenAI). While AI is being widely operationalized to streamline administrative burdens (scheduling, screening, drafting job descriptions), it has yet to be proven as a strategic tool for high-level talent strategy or predicting cultural fit. Smart integration plans, therefore, should prioritize leveraging AI to accelerate efficiency while reserving human expertise for assessment and strategic sourcing.
EVP and Retention over Recruitment: High turnover, burnout, and the rise of non-traditional healthcare employers (tech, consulting) have made retention the top priority. The Employer Value Proposition (EVP) must be hyper-personalized and focused on fostering Equity, Inclusion, and Belonging (EIB), shifting the focus from simply who is hired to who stays, grows, and thrives. Post-merger, US employees often prioritize clear career pathways, flexibility, and supportive management when choosing to remain with the combined entity.
Proactive Pipelining: Due to the shrinking talent pool, organizations might rely heavily on talent pipelining and targeted outbound campaigns, establishing relationships with specialized talent before roles are officially posted. Integration teams could leverage the European target’s existing academic partnerships or regional centers of excellence to feed into the US-side pipeline for highly technical roles.
Operational Synergies: A Shift to Scope and Capability
Transatlantic HCLS M&A is increasingly dominated by scope deals—acquisitions focused on new technology, market access, or specific clinical capabilities, rather than simple scale. Synergy capture in these deals is more complex and requires aggressive planning that goes beyond traditional cost-cutting:
Revenue Synergies in R&D and Market Access: The most significant value tends to be found in revenue synergies, such as combining the European acquirer’s innovative R&D capabilities and global footprint with the US target’s vast commercialization strength and specialized talent access. Due diligence must build complex synergy models to validate these revenue forecasts, which are inherently more difficult to predict than cost savings.
Consolidating Back-Office Functions: Classic operational synergies still apply, particularly in consolidating redundant non-patient-facing functions. Examples include streamlining financial administration, IT infrastructure, and back-office services like Revenue Cycle Management (RCM) or billing. This consolidation can lead to immediate cost savings and process standardization but must be executed early in the integration lifecycle to realize value.
Cultural Alignment as a Synergist: Synergy capture is often derailed by poor cultural alignment. Integration planning should prioritize blending cultural elements early on. For a European company acquiring a US firm, navigating different approaches to hierarchy, risk tolerance, and work-life balance will be crucial to retaining the very R&D or specialized operational talent the deal was meant to secure.
Navigating the Transatlantic Compensation & Benefits Chasm
The starkest challenge in harmonizing US and EU operations lies in aligning compensation, benefits, and labor practices, which reflect fundamentally different societal models:
The Salary and Contribution Divide: US salaries are generally higher, often dramatically so for specialized roles (e.g., mid-level tech salaries can show a 30–50% gap). However, the underlying employer cost structure differs significantly. US employers bear steep costs for private, market-driven healthcare ($8,000 to $16,000+ per employee annually), while EU employers bear heavy social charges and payroll contributions that fund state-backed universal healthcare and pensions. Integration teams should employ dual benchmarks, modeling both equal salaries (for equity assessment) and market-specific total compensation (for budget control).
Mandated Benefits and Labor Law: Europe offers generous, often legally mandated benefits, including a minimum of 20+ paid vacation days, comprehensive parental leave, and stricter labor protections regarding notice periods and dismissal costs. In contrast, US benefits are a competitive tool, varying widely by state and company size. Attempting to impose a US-centric “low vacation, high private insurance” model on EU operations could result in catastrophic talent loss and non-compliance with local labor law.
Compliance Complexity: The US operates under a fragmented legal structure of both federal (e.g., ACA and COBRA and state-specific laws (sick leave, minimum wage, worker classification), whereas the EU operates under centralized directives, but implementation varies across 27 Member States (e.g., Spain and Portugal requiring 14-month salaries). HR teams must deploy local expertise to avoid compliance pitfalls, particularly around worker classification and termination processes.
In conclusion, successful transatlantic HCLS M&A requires HR integration teams to treat human capital as a strategic asset, not just a line item. Value is realized when the best of both labor ecosystems is preserved, harmonizing compensation and benefits while leveraging the combined entity’s specialized talent pools through proactive, skills-focused strategies.
In the next installment of our Europe-US Cross-Border HCLS M&A series, we move from people to data, tackling the ultimate transatlantic compliance hurdle: the clash between GDPR and HIPAA. Learn how European acquirers can avoid major fines and deal breaks by meticulously auditing and integrating data governance across two radically different legal frameworks.
About the Authors:
Nathan Caliis a Managing Partner atNoble Capital Marketswith more than 18 years of Capital Markets experience. He has been a lead Managing Director/Head of the Healthcare and Life Sciences Investment Banking and Advisory franchise at NOBLE since 2017 and was previously a sell-side equity analyst for 9 years. Nathan is a Board Member of Precise Bio, a tissue engineering, biomaterials, and cell technologies company, including cardiology, orthopedics, and dermatology. He was previously a board observer of Eledon Pharmaceuticals (ELDN:NASDAQ, f.k.n.a. Anelixis Therapeutics, Inc.), a phase II biotechnology company. Prior to joining NOBLE, Nathan gained investment experience as a portfolio account analyst/manager at Franklin Templeton Investments. Nathan also currently holds series 7, 79, 86, and 87 FINRA designations.
Hinesh Patel, MCMI ChMCis a Partner in CNM LLP’sLos Angeles Office with over 20 years of experience in accounting. He leads and oversees the firm’s Accounting and Transaction Advisory practice. He brings a vast knowledge of US GAAP, technical accounting, and International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) reporting requirements to his role at CNM. Hinesh primarily focuses on technical accounting, IPO readiness, SEC reporting, and mergers and acquisitions. Prior to joining CNM, Hinesh worked as a Senior Manager at Deloitte with a primary focus in the technology, manufacturing, consumer business and entertainment industries for both public and private companies. He has assisted various companies through the IPO process and advised on a range of accounting services including technical accounting, financial reporting, and new business processes requirements.
Matthew (Matt) Podowitzis the founder and Principal Consultant ofPathfinder Advisors LLC, bringing experience on 400+ global M&A engagements to his clients. He specializes in the critical operational and technology aspects of M&A transactions, providing due diligence, carve-out, integration, and value creation services. Known for practical, actionable advice derived from extensive hands-on experience with healthcare and life sciences transactions, Matt helps companies, investment banks, and private equity firms navigate complex cross-border HCLS M&A through every step of the transaction lifecycle. Leveraging his perspective as a dual US/EU citizen, he provides seamless support for transactions in both markets. His background includes leadership roles at firms like Ernst & Young, Grant Thornton, and CFGI.
Chris Raphaelyis the Co-Chair ofCozen O’Connor’sHealth Care & Life Sciences Practice where he provides sophisticated transactional and regulatory counsel to an array of health care providers and investors in the health care industry. His practice focuses on mergers, acquisitions, and divestiture transactions for health care clients and the comprehensive regulatory schemes requisite to doing business in the health care space. Chris routinely handles matters involving payer negotiations, payment disputes and contract enforcement, accountable care organizations, management services organization, clinically integrated networks, value based payment arrangements, pharmacy benefit management and third party administrator contracts for self-insured employers, digital health, organizational and governance structures, HIPAA, information privacy and security, tax exemption, Stark Law, fraud and abuse matters, clinical integration, medical staff relations, facility and professional licensing, Pennsylvania’s Medical Marijuana Act, and general compliance. Prior to joining the firm, Chris served as the deputy general counsel to Jefferson Health System and general counsel to the system’s accountable care organization and captive professional liability insurance companies.
In our first article, we established the compelling case for why now is the right time for European enterprises to pursue acquisitions in the U.S. This favorable climate is driven by a confluence of economic resilience, attractive valuations, and a welcoming policy environment. For many European companies, this is best realized by acquiring strategic assets in core industrial sectors.
This article delves into the specific operational and technological advantages awaiting European acquirers in U.S. manufacturing, distribution, and logistics. Acquiring existing U.S. assets in these sectors provides a potent pathway to not only immediate market entry but also the creation of a more resilient, efficient, and technologically advanced global enterprise.
Immediate Market Access and Scalability
A U.S. acquisition provides European firms with far more than just a new address; it offers direct and rapid access to the world’s largest and most dynamic consumer market. For companies in manufacturing, distribution, and logistics, this means inheriting established production facilities and warehouse networks, a mature supply base, and a ready-made customer roster.
Rather than the long, costly process of greenfield site development, an acquisition allows you to bypass a significant time lag and immediately start serving customers from a U.S. base. For instance, a European manufacturer of industrial equipment could acquire a U.S.-based competitor with regional production facilities. This move immediately diversifies their manufacturing base and allows them to fulfill orders from domestic customers without the delays or costs of transatlantic shipping. This direct entry is a powerful engine for rapid expansion and scalability.
Another benefit of having a U.S. presence is potential access to free-trade agreements with Canada and Mexico in addition to further expansion to Latin America. According to the U.S. Census[1], the U.S. exported approximately $124.4 billion to South and Central America between January and June 2025, on track to surpass the total exports of $205.6 billion during 2024.
Building Resilient Supply Chains and Localized Production
Recent global events have highlighted the fragility of long, intricate supply chains. For European companies, a U.S. acquisition is a strategic solution for nearshoring production and distribution, reducing reliance on distant hubs and mitigating geopolitical risks. This localization effort is not merely a defensive play; it’s a proactive strategy for operational excellence.
By localizing production and distribution, European acquirers can:
Reduce Lead Times and Transportation Costs: Shorter distances between production facilities and end customers drastically cut down on delivery times and international shipping expenses, a critical advantage in today’s fast-paced market.
Optimize Inventory Management: A U.S. presence enables more flexible inventory strategies, balancing just-in-time principles with safety stock, to meet regional demand more accurately.
Enhance Resilience: A diversified supplier base within North America helps mitigate the impact of international trade disputes, tariffs, and shipping disruptions.
Embracing Advanced Technology and Automation
The U.S. industrial landscape is a leader in adopting advanced technologies, and an M&A transaction provides European firms with a fast track to integrate these innovations. The opportunity is to acquire not just physical assets but also the underlying technological platforms that drive efficiency and insight.
Key technologies to look for in target companies include:
Automation and Robotics: The logistics automation market is growing, and acquiring a company that has already invested in robotic process automation, automated guided vehicles (AGVs), or smart picking systems can immediately enhance operational efficiency.
Data and Analytics: Many U.S. firms leverage data analytics, IoT, and AI to optimize supply chain functions. This includes predictive maintenance in manufacturing, demand forecasting, and predictive route optimization in logistics.
Digital Platforms: The integration of robust Warehouse Management Systems (WMS) and Transportation Management Systems (TMS) is essential. An acquisition can provide access to these platforms, allowing European firms to enhance real-time visibility, track assets, and improve inventory control.
Driving Operational Synergies and Efficiency
Operational synergies are a primary driver of M&A value, and in the manufacturing, distribution, and logistics sectors, the opportunities for a European acquirer are substantial. A well-executed integration plan can unlock significant efficiencies by combining operations, technology, and procurement.
Potential synergies include:
Streamlining Processes: Standardizing operational best practices (e.g., Lean or Six Sigma principles) across both the European and U.S. entities can eliminate redundancies and improve efficiency.
Leveraging Combined Procurement Power: Merging purchasing functions allows the combined entity to leverage greater scale, securing better terms and pricing from suppliers.
Cost Rationalization: Combining distribution networks, consolidating freight, and optimizing warehousing can lead to significant cost savings and improved service levels. These improvements directly impact EBITDA and working capital, demonstrating tangible value creation.
Conclusion: Solidifying Your Global Industrial Edge
For European companies seeking to expand their global footprint, strategic M&A in the U.S. manufacturing, distribution, and logistics sectors provides a compelling and timely opportunity. These acquisitions offer a direct pathway to market entry, the creation of more resilient and efficient supply chains, and a leap forward in technological adoption. A successful transaction in these core industrial sectors is not just about growth; it’s about solidifying a global edge and building an operationally robust, future-proof enterprise.
Our next article, “Capturing Consumers and Clients: M&A Opportunities in U.S. Business Services and Retail,” will explore the unique advantages and strategies for acquiring targets in the service economy.
ABOUT THE AUTHORS:
Nico Pronk is Managing Partner, CEO, and Head of Investment Banking at Noble Capital Markets. Nico has over 35 years of experience working with IPOs, Secondary Offerings, Private Placements and Mergers and Acquisitions including complex cross-border transactions. During his career he has served as Director or Advisor to numerous privately held and publicly traded companies.
Bruce C. Rosetto is a Senior Partner and Shareholder at Greenberg Traurig LLP and represents private and public companies, private equity funds, hedge funds, investment banks, and entrepreneurial clients in a wide variety of industries. He has broad experience in domestic and international mergers and acquisitions, raising capital, securities work, private placement financings, corporate governance, alternate assets, and projects qualifying for investment under the EB-5 Entrepreneur Investment Visa Program. He also forms private equity funds and family offices and represents affiliated portfolio companies.
Fred Campos is a Managing Director atCBIZ with more than 20 years of experience in accounting and finance and more than 300 executed buy-side and sell-side M&A engagements. Prior to joining CBIZ, Fred founded and led a boutique advisory services firm focused on mergers and acquisitions and exit readiness. Earlier in his career, he was part of the cross-border practice at Ernst & Young (EY) where he assisted EY’s global clients on cross-border deals. Fred also established and led the regional transaction advisory services practice for a global top tier public accounting firm.
Mark Chaves, Managing Director with CBIZ, assists companies with domestic and international tax planning and structuring, mergers and acquisitions, and business reorganizations. Mark has focused his career on working with multinational corporations to manage cross-border direct and indirect tax issues, foreign tax credit and repatriation planning, reorganization of expatriate and inpatriate tax matters, and ASC 740 reporting. Additionally, Mark assists individuals with international estate planning, inbound tax structuring of investments in U.S. real property, and pre-immigration planning as well as with cross-border tax issues and filings for FINCEN compliance.
Matthew (Matt) Podowitz is the founder and Principal Consultant of Pathfinder Advisors LLC, bringing experience on 400+ global M&A engagements to his clients. Matt specializes in the critical operational and technology aspects of M&A transactions, providing due diligence, carve-out, integration, and value creation services. Leveraging his perspective as a dual US/EU citizen, he provides seamless support for cross-border M&A transactions through every step of the transaction lifecycle in both markets. His background includes leadership roles at firms like Ernst & Young, Grant Thornton, and CFGI.
TreeHouse Foods, a leading U.S. private-label snacking and beverage manufacturer, has entered into a definitive agreement to be acquired by Investindustrial, a European investment group, in a transaction valued at $2.9 billion. The all-cash deal marks a significant milestone for TreeHouse Foods as it transitions from a publicly traded company on the New York Stock Exchange to a privately held entity under Investindustrial’s ownership.
Under the terms of the agreement announced November 10, 2025, TreeHouse shareholders will receive $22.50 per share in cash and one non-transferable Contingent Value Right (CVR) per share. The CVR provides shareholders the opportunity to receive a portion of any net proceeds from ongoing litigation related to TreeHouse’s former coffee business. The cash portion values TreeHouse’s equity at approximately $1.2 billion, representing a 38 percent premium over the company’s closing price on September 26, 2025, and a 29 percent premium over its 30-day volume-weighted average.
The acquisition underscores TreeHouse’s strategic evolution over the past several years toward becoming a focused snacking and beverage private brand leader. The company has streamlined its portfolio to concentrate on high-growth, high-margin categories such as nuts, cookies, pretzels, and beverages. The sale to Investindustrial is expected to provide immediate value to shareholders while positioning the company for continued growth under private ownership.
Investindustrial, known for its strong track record in food and beverage investments, views TreeHouse as an important addition to its expanding North American portfolio. Following the transaction, Investindustrial portfolio companies will collectively operate more than 85 manufacturing plants and employ over 16,000 people across the region. The firm has emphasized that TreeHouse Foods will continue to operate independently, retaining its leadership team and brand identity.
The deal has been unanimously approved by the TreeHouse Foods Board of Directors and is expected to close in the first quarter of 2026, pending shareholder and regulatory approval. Notably, activist investor JANA Partners LLC, which holds a 10 percent stake in TreeHouse, has already agreed to vote in favor of the acquisition. The transaction is not contingent on financing, signaling strong confidence from both parties in the deal’s completion.
As part of the agreement, TreeHouse shareholders will also receive a Contingent Value Right tied to the company’s ongoing lawsuit against Keurig Green Mountain, a subsidiary of Keurig Dr Pepper. The case, filed in 2014, alleges antitrust and unfair competition practices related to single-serve coffee pods and brewers. Depending on the court’s decision, potential damages could range from hundreds of millions to over a billion dollars, with CVR holders entitled to 85 percent of any recovered proceeds.
Following the completion of the acquisition, TreeHouse Foods will delist from the NYSE and become a privately held company. The move is expected to give management greater flexibility to pursue long-term strategies without the pressures of quarterly reporting.
With Investindustrial’s backing and industry expertise, TreeHouse Foods is poised to strengthen its position in the competitive private-label market, expand its manufacturing footprint, and capitalize on the growing demand for affordable, high-quality snack and beverage products.
On November 3, 2025, Coeur Mining announced its acquisition of New Gold Inc., marking a significant shift in the landscape of North American precious metals producers. This all-stock transaction will unite two major players, resulting in a combined entity with a projected $20 billion market capitalization and operations concentrated entirely in North America.
The basis of the deal centers on Coeur’s wholly-owned subsidiary acquiring all outstanding shares of New Gold, with shareholders of each New Gold share set to receive 0.4959 Coeur shares. This exchange implies a valuation of $8.51 per New Gold share, representing a meaningful premium to recent market prices. Post-transaction, current Coeur shareholders will hold approximately 62% of the new company, with New Gold investors owning the remaining 38%.
For investors tracking small and mid-cap mining stocks, this acquisition stands out for several reasons. First, the combination brings together seven North American mining operations, including New Gold’s two flagship Canadian mines and Coeur’s five productive sites spanning the U.S., Mexico, and Canada. By 2026, the combined firm is expected to deliver around 1.25 million gold equivalent ounces annually, including notable outputs of 20 million ounces of silver, 900,000 ounces of gold, and 100 million pounds of copper. Importantly, over 80% of future revenues are anticipated to be generated from U.S. and Canadian sales, consolidating risk and operational focus within stable jurisdictions.
Financially, Coeur’s previously forecast 2025 EBITDA of about $1 billion and $550 million in free cash flow sees a major uplift. The addition of New Gold’s assets is projected to nearly triple EBITDA to approximately $3 billion and boost free cash flow to $2 billion in 2026. These figures highlight the strategic rationale underpinning the deal: lowering costs per ounce, boosting margins, and achieving scale advantages, all while enhancing the combined company’s ability to access investment-grade credit ratings and return capital to shareholders.
The newly formed company’s robust financial stance enables accelerated investment in key growth projects. New Gold’s mines—especially development at the K-Zone at New Afton and ongoing exploration at Rainy River—will benefit from additional capital and management resources. These investments are expected to unlock organic growth, longer mine life, and further enhance net asset values per share, driving potential share price appreciation and sector re-rating.
Another facet crucial to investors is the promise of improved capital market positioning. The merged firm will stride into the global top 10 for precious metals producers and land within the leading five for silver production, with silver accounting for 30% of total reserves. Greater scale brings enhanced trading liquidity—forecasted at over $380 million daily—and upcoming dual U.S. and Canadian listings, raising visibility among generalist investors, ETFs, and potential index inclusions.
From a governance perspective, the transaction will see members of New Gold’s team onboard with Coeur, including their current CEO and another director joining the expanded board. This blending of management brings together operational experience and expertise across diverse sites and regulatory regimes, positioning the company for long-term resiliency and adaptability.
For Canada and local mine communities, planned commitments include sustained investment, employment, Indigenous partnerships, and maintained regional offices, underscoring the deal’s local benefits alongside broader industry consolidation.
With customary deal protections and reciprocal break fees in place, the transaction is set to close in the first half of 2026, pending regulatory and shareholder approvals. Upon closing, New Gold shares will be delisted and the company’s legacy will contribute to building an all-North American miner poised for sector leadership, robust cash flow, and strategic advantage.
Swiss pharmaceutical giant Novartis AG announced plans to acquire Avidity Biosciences for approximately $12 billion in cash, a move aimed at deepening its focus on rare and neuromuscular diseases while navigating an increasingly complex U.S. trade and regulatory landscape.
Under the terms of the agreement, Avidity shareholders will receive $72 per share, representing a 46% premium to the company’s most recent closing price. The acquisition, expected to close later this year pending regulatory approval, underscores Novartis’ aggressive strategy to expand its biotech capabilities and offset upcoming patent expirations on several of its blockbuster therapies.
The deal also includes the formation of a new spin-off company, Spinco, which will house Avidity’s early-stage precision cardiology programs. Spinco is expected to operate as an independent, publicly traded firm, led by Avidity’s current Chief Program Officer, Kathleen Gallagher.
Headquartered in San Diego, Avidity Biosciences has gained attention for pioneering a new class of RNA-based therapeutics that directly target muscle tissue. Its lead candidate, Del-zota, is being developed to treat a rare subtype of Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), a debilitating genetic disorder that leads to progressive muscle weakness. Avidity is also advancing two other promising treatments for serious neuromuscular diseases, all of which leverage its proprietary antibody oligonucleotide conjugate (AOC) platform.
For Novartis, this acquisition offers a timely expansion into rare disease treatments — a sector experiencing growing investor interest due to high unmet medical needs and favorable regulatory incentives. The move is consistent with Novartis’ 2024 acquisition of Kate Therapeutics, another biotech developing gene therapies for muscle diseases, as well as its 2025 deals with Anthos Therapeutics and Regulus Therapeutics, collectively strengthening its position in genetic and cardiovascular medicine.
The rare disease market has become an increasingly competitive frontier for pharmaceutical innovation. Analysts note that Novartis’ acquisition spree is partly driven by its looming patent cliff, as flagship drugs such as Entresto, Xolair, and Cosentyx approach the end of their exclusivity periods. By acquiring companies like Avidity, Novartis not only diversifies its revenue base but also positions itself at the forefront of next-generation therapeutics that could define the next decade of biotech innovation.
The acquisition also carries strategic geopolitical undertones. With the Trump administration imposing 39% tariffs on Switzerland earlier this year, Swiss-based pharmaceutical companies face heightened uncertainty over U.S. trade policy. Expanding operations through American biotech acquisitions helps Novartis maintain a strong U.S. presence and mitigate risks tied to international tariffs.
For small-cap investors, the transaction reinforces an ongoing trend in the life sciences sector: large-cap pharma companies are increasingly looking to buy innovation rather than build it in-house. Early-stage biotech firms with validated technologies, particularly in RNA, gene therapy, and rare disease research, continue to attract premium valuations in acquisition deals.
Ultimately, Novartis’ acquisition of Avidity Biosciences is more than just a growth strategy — it’s a signal of where the pharmaceutical industry is heading. With advances in RNA therapeutics and genetic medicine accelerating, investors can expect more high-value takeovers in the months ahead as established players race to secure the next generation of life-changing treatments.
On October 22, 2025, Alkermes plc (Nasdaq: ALKS) and Avadel Pharmaceuticals plc (Nasdaq: AVDL) announced a definitive merger agreement reflecting a major shift in the sleep medicine sector and the broader biopharmaceutical industry. The all-cash transaction, valued at up to $20 per Avadel share, comprises an $18.50 cash payment plus a contingent value right (CVR) for an additional $1.50 per share linked to final FDA approval of LUMRYZ™ for idiopathic hypersomnia. This structure represents a transaction value of approximately $2.1 billion and a 38% premium to Avadel’s three-month average share price, indicating strong confidence in Avadel’s commercial prospects.
The acquisition marks Alkermes’ strategic expansion into the sleep medicine market—a key area of growth for the company. With this move, Alkermes augments its existing neuroscience and rare disease franchise by adding Avadel’s FDA-approved LUMRYZ™ (sodium oxybate), a once-at-bedtime treatment for cataplexy or excessive daytime sleepiness in narcoleptic patients aged seven and older. LUMRYZ™ distinguishes itself as the market’s only once-nightly oxybate, offering significant convenience and competitive advantage over the twice-nightly alternative. Since its 2023 launch, LUMRYZ™ has experienced rapid adoption, with over 3,100 patients on therapy as of June 2025 and new patient starts outpacing competitors more than two-to-one. Net revenues are projected between $265–275 million for 2025, backed by a U.S. narcolepsy market of over 50,000 eligible patients.
Alkermes’ acquisition is expected to be immediately accretive to earnings and profit margins, providing the scale and financial strength to accelerate both commercial and clinical development programs. For Alkermes, the deal offers a robust foundation to support its late-stage developmental pipeline, specifically its orexin 2 receptor agonist candidates—alixorexton, ALKS 4510 and ALKS 7290—for narcolepsy and idiopathic hypersomnia. The combined company harnesses both organizations’ commercial expertise and operational infrastructure, streamlining R&D and driving cost synergies.
Leadership at both Alkermes and Avadel have expressed optimism about the transaction. Alkermes’ CEO Richard Pops described the acquisition as “a pivotal step” in the company’s evolution—a move that bolsters Alkermes’ entry into sleep medicine as it prepares to advance alixorexton into phase 3 trials. Avadel’s CEO, Greg Divis, characterized the merger as a validation of Avadel’s strategy, highlighting the differentiated value of LUMRYZ™ and the company’s dedication to sleep disorder patients.
Under the transaction’s terms, Alkermes will fund the acquisition with cash on hand and new debt, subject to regulatory and shareholder approvals. Both boards have unanimously approved the deal, targeting a closing date in the first quarter of 2026. Financial and legal advising teams include J.P. Morgan, Morgan Stanley, Goldman Sachs, Paul Weiss, and Cleary Gottlieb.
With this acquisition, Alkermes solidifies its position as a leader in neurological and sleep disorder treatments, accelerating the pace of innovation in a space with significant unmet patient needs. The combined organization is set to pursue further label expansions for LUMRYZ™, bring new therapies to market, and deliver increased value to shareholders and patients alike.
The landmark agreement between Alkermes and Avadel Pharmaceuticals underscores the accelerating consolidation trend within the life sciences sector, where innovative therapies and commercial scale are driving strategic acquisitions. The addition of LUMRYZ™ to Alkermes’ portfolio not only diversifies its product base but strengthens its market position in a segment characterized by high unmet medical need and strong growth potential.
Alkermes’ entry into the sleep medicine market will leverage Avadel’s proven commercial infrastructure and rare disease expertise, enabling more efficient launches and access for future products. The transaction also sets the stage for Alkermes to explore global expansion opportunities for LUMRYZ™ and other pipeline assets, while supporting additional indications such as idiopathic hypersomnia and leveraging Avadel’s salt-free, once-at-bedtime oxybate candidate.
As the two organizations integrate, operational synergies are expected to improve profitability and streamline R&D processes for advancing both existing therapies and new clinical programs. The merger, backed by reputable financial advisors and committed financing, represents a pivotal moment for stakeholders, positioning Alkermes as an emerging leader in neurology and sleep disorder therapeutics with a stronger foundation for future innovation and patient impact.
Deal strengthens neuromodulation lineup with battery-free neurostimulation system
Boston Scientific Corporation (NYSE: BSX) announced Friday that it has entered into a definitive agreement to acquire Nalu Medical, Inc., a privately held medical technology company specializing in minimally invasive treatments for chronic pain.
Under the terms of the agreement, Boston Scientific will pay approximately $533 million in cash for the remaining equity of Nalu Medical that it does not already own. The company has been a strategic investor in Nalu since 2017. The transaction, expected to close in the first half of 2026, remains subject to customary closing conditions.
Nalu’s flagship product, the Nalu Neurostimulation System, is designed to deliver targeted relief for adults suffering from severe, intractable chronic pain of peripheral nerve origin — including pain in the shoulder, lower back, and knee. The system delivers mild electrical impulses to interrupt pain signals before they reach the brain and features a miniaturized, battery-free implantable pulse generator powered wirelessly by an external therapy disc and controlled via a smartphone app.
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration cleared the Nalu system in 2019. Results from the COMFORT and COMFORT 2 clinical trials demonstrated significant and sustained pain reduction, with 87% of participants in the first trial reporting more than 50% pain reduction at 12 months and 79% in the second trial achieving an average 64% reduction at six months. Real-world data from over 2,000 patients reinforced these outcomes, with 94% experiencing clinically meaningful improvement.
“Peripheral nerve stimulation is an exciting field with a significant unmet patient need,” said Jim Cassidy, president of Neuromodulation at Boston Scientific. “Adding Nalu Medical’s highly differentiated technology complements our existing therapies — including spinal cord stimulation, basivertebral nerve ablation, and radiofrequency ablation — and enables us to deliver advanced pain relief options to a wider variety of patient populations.”
Boston Scientific expects Nalu to generate over $60 million in sales in 2025 and to deliver growth exceeding 25% in 2026. The acquisition is projected to be immaterial to adjusted EPS in 2026, slightly accretive in 2027, and increasingly accretive thereafter. On a GAAP basis, the company expects the deal to be more dilutive due to amortization and acquisition-related expenses.
Nalu Medical, headquartered in Carlsbad, California, has been repeatedly recognized for innovation, including being named among the top 100 new products globally by R&D Magazine and winning multiple Medical Design Excellence Awards. Its compact, modular neurostimulation system represents a next-generation approach to chronic pain management by reducing the need for frequent interventions and improving patient comfort.
Boston Scientific, based in Marlborough, Massachusetts, is a global medical technology leader with a 45-year history of advancing science and developing solutions that improve patient outcomes across multiple therapeutic areas.
Commercial Metals Company (NYSE: CMC) announced it will acquire Foley Products Company, a leading supplier of precast concrete solutions in the southeastern United States, for $1.84 billion in cash. The move marks CMC’s formal entry into the precast industry and follows its recently announced acquisition of Concrete Pipe & Precast (CP&P).
CMC said the acquisitions of Foley and CP&P will establish the company as the third largest precast platform in the U.S., operating 35 facilities across 14 states, and a market leader in the Mid-Atlantic and Southeast regions.
“The acquisition of Foley presents a unique opportunity to create immediate scale for our precast platform while adding a best-in-class business with industry-leading margins to CMC’s portfolio,” said Peter Matt, President and Chief Executive Officer of Commercial Metals. “We believe precast has significant value creation potential for CMC, and the addition of Foley will help unlock further upside from our pending acquisition of CP&P.”
Foley Products is known for its industry-leading EBITDA margins and cash flow generation, supported by well-established best practices and a broad portfolio of precast solutions. The purchase price represents a 10.3x multiple of Foley’s forecasted 2025 EBITDA, or roughly 9.2x when factoring in expected cash tax benefits.
The transaction is expected to be immediately accretive to earnings per share and free cash flow, with $25 million to $30 million in annual run-rate synergies anticipated by the third year. Synergies will primarily stem from operational efficiencies, cost reductions, and cross-selling opportunities across complementary geographic markets.
Following the integration of Foley and CP&P, CMC expects its core EBITDA margin to increase by approximately 210 basis points, with about 32% of total pro forma segment adjusted EBITDA generated by its Emerging Businesses Group and precast platform — up from 15% in fiscal 2025. The company also expects strong free cash flow generation, targeting a reduction in net leverage from 2.7x to below 2.0x within 18 months.
CMC emphasized that the precast concrete market — estimated at $30 billion in annual U.S. revenue — provides a strong strategic fit, leveraging the company’s existing relationships in early-stage construction and expanding its reach into mission-critical infrastructure applications.
Precast components, such as concrete pipes and utility structures, are manufactured off-site in controlled environments, offering faster installation times, improved quality, and reduced labor needs compared to traditional pour-in-place methods.
Transaction Delivers Immediate Value to Shareholders and Takes Industrial Equipment Maker Private
Hillenbrand, Inc. (NYSE: HI) announced it has entered into a definitive agreement to be acquired by an affiliate of Lone Star Funds in an all-cash transaction valued at $32.00 per share, representing an enterprise value of approximately $3.8 billion. The offer price reflects a significant premium to Hillenbrand’s recent trading levels and will provide immediate liquidity to shareholders.
Upon completion, expected by the end of the first quarter of 2026, Hillenbrand will become a privately held company and its shares will cease trading on the New York Stock Exchange. The transaction remains subject to customary closing conditions, including shareholder and regulatory approvals.
Hillenbrand is a global industrial company that designs and manufactures highly engineered processing equipment and solutions through its Advanced Process Solutions and Molding Technology Solutions segments. Over the past three years, the company has transformed its portfolio through acquisitions and divestitures, building a stronger position in the durable plastics, food, and recycling end markets.
“We are pleased to reach this agreement with Lone Star, which delivers immediate and certain cash value to our shareholders at a substantial premium to recent trading,” said Helen Cornell, Chairperson of Hillenbrand’s Board of Directors. “The Board carefully reviewed a range of potential strategic alternatives, including interest from multiple parties, and determined this transaction is in the best interest of Hillenbrand and its shareholders.”
Kim Ryan, President and CEO of Hillenbrand, added, “Over the past several years, we have made tremendous progress transforming into a pure-play industrial company and investing in innovation. Lone Star recognizes this progress and sees a bright future given our strong teams and leading businesses. We look forward to working with Lone Star to enhance our scale and continue driving growth and innovation.”
Lone Star Funds, a Dallas-based private investment firm with over $95 billion in capital commitments across 25 private equity funds since 1995, focuses on complex transactions across private equity, credit, and real estate. The firm cited Hillenbrand’s successful transformation and diversified market presence as key drivers of the acquisition.
The deal follows Hillenbrand’s recent portfolio streamlining efforts, including the sale of its majority interest in the Milacron injection molding and extrusion business to Bain Capital for $287 million and the divestiture of its minority stake in TerraSource Holdings to Astec Industries for approximately $245 million.
Following the transaction, Hillenbrand will continue operating under its existing structure, guided by its purpose to Shape What Matters For Tomorrow™, while leveraging Lone Star’s financial and operational support to expand within high-growth industrial markets.
Move expected to strengthen BioCryst’s presence in hereditary angioedema and sustain double-digit growth trajectory
BioCryst Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (NASDAQ: BCRX) has announced plans to acquire Astria Therapeutics, Inc. (NASDAQ: ATXS) in a cash-and-stock transaction valued at approximately $700 million in enterprise value, or about $920 million in aggregate equity value. The deal is designed to expand BioCryst’s hereditary angioedema (HAE) portfolio and enhance its long-term growth prospects.
Under the terms of the agreement, Astria shareholders will receive $8.55 in cash and 0.59 shares of BioCryst common stock for each Astria share. Based on BioCryst’s 20-day volume-weighted average price of $7.54 as of October 8, 2025, the consideration represents an implied value of $13.00 per Astria share, a 53% premium to Astria’s October 13 closing price and a 71% premium to its 20-day VWAP. The transaction, unanimously approved by both boards, is expected to close in the first quarter of 2026, subject to customary conditions. Upon completion, Astria CEO Jill C. Milne, Ph.D., will join the BioCryst board of directors.
The acquisition adds navenibart, Astria’s late-stage, long-acting monoclonal antibody inhibitor of plasma kallikrein, currently in Phase 3 clinical development for HAE prophylaxis. Navenibart’s extended dosing schedule—every three to six months—could offer patients a more convenient alternative to existing injectable treatments.
“With navenibart, BioCryst gains a perfectly complementary second product candidate that fits seamlessly within our HAE core competency,” said Jon Stonehouse, CEO of BioCryst. “Together with Orladeyo, we can offer patients both oral and injectable options that address diverse needs, while driving sustainable growth and profitability.”
The addition of navenibart positions BioCryst to broaden its presence in the rare-disease market. The company expects top-line data from the pivotal ALPHA-ORBIT trial in early 2027 and projects a commercial opportunity among more than 5,000 patients currently treated with injectable prophylaxis for HAE.
BioCryst will also acquire STAR-0310, Astria’s early-stage program for atopic dermatitis, though it plans to pursue strategic alternatives for that asset. Financially, the company anticipates that the transaction will maintain its non-GAAP profitability and positive cash flow, while providing meaningful synergies and accretion to operating profit in the first full year following navenibart’s expected launch. BioCryst projects Orladeyo sales of $580 million to $600 million in 2025, up 34% year-over-year in 2024, and expects the acquisition to reinforce a double-digit growth trajectory through the next decade.
