Tag: Inflation

What the Fed’s Next Move Means for Interest Rates and the Economy

Posted on by slightbourne@noblecapitalmarkets.com
Key Points:
– The Federal Reserve is widely expected to hold interest rates steady at its policy meeting next Wednesday.
– The Fed remains cautious as it monitors the potential impact of President Trump’s trade policies and rising inflation risks.
– While a downturn is not imminent, some economists have raised their probability estimates for a 2025 recession.

As financial markets brace for the Federal Reserve’s latest policy decision, analysts overwhelmingly expect the central bank to maintain its benchmark federal funds rate at a range of 4.25% to 4.5%. According to the CME Group’s FedWatch tool, which tracks market expectations, there is a 97% probability that the Fed will hold rates steady, marking the second consecutive meeting without a change.

Federal Reserve officials, including Chair Jerome Powell, have signaled a cautious approach, waiting to see how President Trump’s proposed tariffs and other economic policies unfold. The central bank is balancing multiple factors, including a softening in inflation, shifts in consumer confidence, and geopolitical uncertainty. While the Fed lowered rates late last year after inflation cooled, the recent uptick in price pressures has prompted policymakers to take a more measured stance.

A major concern for the Fed is the potential for tariffs to disrupt economic stability. Trade tensions have already caused a drop in consumer confidence, with the University of Michigan’s Consumer Sentiment Index falling to 57.9 in March, well below expectations. This decline reflects growing worries about inflation and the broader economic outlook. If tariffs push prices higher and dampen growth, the Fed may face pressure to respond with rate cuts to stabilize the job market and economic activity.

On the other hand, some economists warn that persistent inflation could keep interest rates elevated for longer. Rising prices on imported goods due to tariffs could lead to higher inflation expectations, limiting the Fed’s ability to ease policy. This delicate balancing act has led to increased uncertainty about the central bank’s future moves.

Investors will also be closely watching the Fed’s Summary of Economic Projections, which outlines policymakers’ expectations for interest rates, inflation, and economic growth. Deutsche Bank analysts predict that Fed officials may reduce their expected rate cuts for 2025, penciling in only one reduction instead of the two previously forecasted.

Recession fears remain a topic of debate. While the labor market has shown resilience, some economic indicators suggest potential risks ahead. Goldman Sachs recently raised its recession probability estimate for 2025 from 15% to 20%, reflecting concerns over trade policy, consumer sentiment, and broader market conditions. If economic conditions deteriorate further, the Fed could be forced to pivot toward rate cuts to stimulate growth.

Despite these uncertainties, financial markets are currently pricing in the likelihood of a rate cut beginning in June. However, if inflation proves to be more stubborn than expected, the Fed may have to delay any policy adjustments. Powell’s post-meeting press conference will be closely analyzed for any signals about the central bank’s future direction.

With inflation, tariffs, and economic sentiment in flux, the Federal Reserve’s approach remains one of caution. Investors, businesses, and policymakers will all be watching closely for any signs of shifts in monetary policy, knowing that the decisions made now will have lasting effects on financial markets and the broader economy.

Inflation Cools, but Persists: Rising Costs of Food, Healthcare, and Transportation

Posted on by slightbourne@noblecapitalmarkets.com
Key Points:
– The Consumer Price Index (CPI) rose 2.8% year-over-year in February, with food, medical care, and auto costs still climbing.
– A dozen large Grade A eggs now average $5.90, up 59% from a year ago.
– Inflation remains above the Fed’s 2% target, likely delaying any interest rate cuts.

American consumers continue to feel the sting of stubborn inflation as essential goods and services remain costly despite an overall slowdown in price growth. The latest Consumer Price Index (CPI) report showed a 2.8% year-over-year increase in February, a slight cooling from previous months but still well above the Federal Reserve’s 2% target.

One of the most notable price hikes continues to be in food costs, particularly for eggs. A dozen large Grade A eggs averaged $5.90 in February, a staggering 59% increase from a year ago. Other breakfast staples like coffee and bacon have also risen, adding to household grocery bills. While some categories, such as fruits and vegetables, saw modest declines, overall grocery prices remain elevated. Eating out is also becoming more expensive, with restaurant prices climbing 3.7% over the past year.

Medical expenses are another growing burden for consumers, with hospital costs up 3.6% year-over-year and nursing home care rising by 4.1%. Home healthcare costs surged 5.6%, reflecting the increasing demand for in-home medical services. Meanwhile, health insurance premiums climbed 3.9%, further squeezing household budgets already stretched thin by higher living costs.

The rising costs extend beyond healthcare and food, impacting transportation as well. Used car prices, which had been easing in previous months, surged again by 2.2% in January and another 0.9% in February. Auto insurance, a major expense for many households, has increased nearly 11% over the past year. Insurers continue to raise premiums as they struggle with underwriting losses, which have persisted for three consecutive years. However, there was some relief at the gas pump, with gasoline prices dipping slightly to a national average of $3.08 per gallon as of mid-March, down from $3.39 a year ago.

With inflation still running above target, the Federal Reserve faces a difficult decision in the coming months. The central bank has signaled that it will likely keep interest rates steady at its next policy meeting, as economic uncertainty surrounding tariffs and supply chain disruptions remains a concern. The Fed’s cautious stance reflects the balancing act it must perform—ensuring inflation continues to cool while avoiding any moves that could trigger a broader economic slowdown.

For consumers, the persistence of high prices across essential categories underscores the challenges of managing household budgets in this inflationary environment. While some areas, such as gasoline and certain food items, have seen modest relief, overall costs remain elevated. Policymakers will continue monitoring inflation trends closely, but for now, Americans should brace for continued financial strain as they navigate these price increases.

US Manufacturing Holds Steady in February Amid Tariff Concerns

Posted on by slightbourne@noblecapitalmarkets.com
Key Points:
– US manufacturing PMI dipped to 50.3 in February, signaling continued but slowing growth.
– Concerns over new tariffs on imports from Canada, Mexico, and China are creating uncertainty for manufacturers.
– Prices for raw materials surged to their highest levels since June 2022, potentially impacting production costs.

The US manufacturing sector remained stable in February, though concerns over looming tariffs threatened to disrupt recent gains. While the Institute for Supply Management (ISM) Manufacturing Purchasing Managers’ Index (PMI) registered at 50.3—just above the threshold for expansion—key indicators such as new orders and employment showed signs of weakness.

The report indicated that while the manufacturing industry is maintaining momentum, companies are growing increasingly uneasy about potential tariffs on goods imported from Canada, Mexico, and China. The uncertainty surrounding these trade policies has led to a slowdown in new orders, as customers hesitate to commit to long-term contracts.

Tariffs Fuel Uncertainty and Price Increases
Manufacturers reported that trade tensions and prospective retaliatory measures from key US partners were affecting business sentiment. Firms in the chemical and transportation equipment industries, in particular, noted disruptions caused by a lack of clear guidance on tariff implementation. The uncertainty has also impacted investment decisions, with businesses pausing expansion plans.

At the same time, prices for manufacturing inputs surged to their highest levels since June 2022. The ISM’s price index jumped to 62.4 from 54.9 in January, reflecting the growing cost of raw materials. Many manufacturers are concerned that rising costs will eventually be passed on to consumers, potentially reversing recent efforts to stabilize inflation.

Employment and Supply Chain Challenges
Employment in the sector contracted after briefly expanding in January. The manufacturing employment index fell to 47.6, suggesting that firms are pulling back on hiring in response to economic uncertainty. With weaker demand and higher costs, companies are taking a cautious approach to workforce expansion.

Supply chains, which had been recovering from disruptions in previous years, also showed signs of strain. The ISM supplier deliveries index increased to 54.5, indicating longer wait times for materials. This is typically a sign of strong demand, but in this case, it reflects supply chain bottlenecks and manufacturers front-loading inventory in anticipation of potential tariff impacts.

Looking Ahead
With the Trump administration expected to finalize tariff decisions in the coming days, manufacturers remain on edge. Industries reliant on imported steel, aluminum, and electronic components could face the greatest challenges, particularly as suppliers adjust pricing in response to trade policy changes.

The ISM report follows a series of economic data releases that suggest the US economy may have lost momentum in early 2025. Weak consumer spending, a widening goods trade deficit, and a decline in homebuilding all point to a more cautious economic outlook. Some economists now believe that GDP could contract in the first quarter.

As the manufacturing sector braces for potential headwinds, all eyes remain on the White House’s next moves regarding tariffs. The coming weeks will be critical in determining whether February’s stability can be sustained or if rising costs and trade uncertainty will trigger a broader slowdown.

Fed’s Preferred Inflation Measure Shows Progress as Consumer Spending Dips

Posted on by slightbourne@noblecapitalmarkets.com
Key Points:
– Core PCE inflation eased to 2.6% annually in January, aligning with economist expectations
– Personal income surged 0.9%, more than double the forecasted 0.4% increase
– Consumer spending unexpectedly declined 0.2% despite higher incomes, as savings rate jumped to 4.6%

Inflation continued its gradual retreat in January according to the Federal Reserve’s preferred gauge, though concerns about President Trump’s tariff plans are casting a shadow over future price stability, the Commerce Department reported Friday.

The personal consumption expenditures (PCE) price index rose 0.3% for the month and 2.5% annually, while the core measure—which excludes volatile food and energy prices—maintained the same monthly increase but showed a 2.6% year-over-year rate. The annual core figure represents a meaningful step down from December’s upwardly revised 2.9%.

These figures aligned precisely with economist expectations and suggest the Fed’s aggressive interest rate campaign continues to yield results, albeit at a slower pace than policymakers might prefer. The central bank targets 2% inflation as its long-term goal.

“The inflation report was good, but we’re not done,” said Jose Rasco, chief investment officer for the Americas at HSBC Global Private Banking and Wealth Management. “So that prudent patient Powell, as I call him, is going to remain in play, and I think he’s going to wait.”

Perhaps more surprising were the income and spending components of the report. Personal income surged 0.9% in January—more than double the 0.4% forecast—but this windfall didn’t translate to higher consumer spending. Instead, Americans reduced their expenditures by 0.2%, contradicting expectations for a slight 0.1% increase. The personal savings rate jumped to 4.6%, suggesting consumers may be growing more cautious about economic conditions.

Within the report’s details, goods prices increased 0.5%, driven by a 0.9% rise in motor vehicles and parts, along with a 2% jump in gasoline prices. Services inflation showed more restraint at 0.2%, while housing costs rose 0.3%.

The data arrives as Federal Reserve officials continue deliberating their next steps for monetary policy. In recent weeks, policymakers have expressed cautious optimism about the inflation trajectory but remain adamant about seeing more evidence that price pressures are sustainably returning to their 2% target before implementing further interest rate reductions.

Following the report’s release, financial markets modestly increased the probability of a June interest rate cut, with futures traders now seeing just over 70% likelihood of a quarter-point reduction, according to CME Group’s FedWatch tool. Markets currently anticipate two rate cuts by year-end, though odds for a third reduction have been rising in recent days.

While consumers are more familiar with the Consumer Price Index (CPI)—which showed 3% headline inflation and 3.3% core inflation in January—the Federal Reserve prefers the PCE measure because it captures a broader range of consumer spending, accounts for substitution effects when prices change, and places significantly less emphasis on housing costs.

The subdued spending figures present a curious economic paradox: despite strong income growth, consumers appear increasingly cautious. This restraint could help cool inflation further but might also signal weakening consumer confidence—the primary engine of American economic growth.

Financial markets responded positively to the report, with stock futures pointing higher and Treasury yields mostly declining, suggesting investors view the data as supporting the case for eventual monetary easing while not indicating immediate economic trouble.

Treasury Rally Pushes Yields Below 4% as Inflation Shows Signs of Cooling

Posted on by slightbourne@noblecapitalmarkets.com
Key Points:
– Short-term Treasury yields fell under 4% as inflation cooled and GDP forecasts weakened, boosting rate-cut expectations.
– Traders anticipate a July rate cut and over 60 basis points of relief by year-end, driving a strong February rally.
– Softer data and policy shifts have investors prioritizing economic slowdown risks over inflation fears.

A powerful rally in U.S. Treasuries has slashed short-term bond yields below 4% for the first time since October, sparked by cooling inflation and shaky economic growth signals. Investors are piling into bets that the Federal Reserve will soon lower interest rates, possibly as early as midyear, giving the bond market a jolt of momentum.

The rally gained steam on Friday as yields on two- and three-year Treasury notes dropped by up to six basis points. This followed a disappointing January personal spending report and a steep revision in the Atlanta Fed’s first-quarter GDP estimate, which nosedived to -1.5% from a prior 2.3%. Even the less volatile 10-year Treasury yield dipped to 4.22%, its lowest since December, signaling broad market confidence in a softer economic outlook.

This month, Treasuries are poised for their biggest gain since July, with a key bond index climbing 1.7% through Thursday. That’s the strongest yearly start since 2020, up 2.2% so far. Analysts attribute the surge to a wave of lackluster economic data over the past week, flipping the script on expectations that the Fed might hold rates steady indefinitely.

Market players are now anticipating a quarter-point rate cut by July, with over 60 basis points of easing baked in by December. The latest personal consumption expenditures data for January, showing inflation easing as expected, has fueled this shift. Investors see it as a green light for the Fed to pivot toward supporting growth rather than just wrestling price pressures.

Still, some warn it’s early days. The GDP snapshot won’t be finalized until late April, leaving room for surprises. For now, two-year yields sit below 4%, and 10-year yields hover under 4.24%. Experts say the rally’s staying power hinges on upcoming heavy-hitters like next week’s jobs report—if it flags a slowdown, the case for rate cuts strengthens.

A week ago, 10-year yields topped 4.5%, with fears of tariff-fueled inflation looming large. But recent tariff threats and talk of federal job cuts have shifted focus to growth risks instead. Investors are shedding bearish positions, and some are even betting yields could sink below 4% if hiring falters and unemployment climbs.

The Fed, meanwhile, is stuck in a tricky spot with inflation still above its 2% goal. If push comes to shove, many believe it’ll lean toward bolstering growth—a move the market’s already pricing in. As February closes, index fund buying could nudge yields lower still, amplifying the rally.

This swift turnaround underscores the bond market’s sensitivity to shifting winds. With jobs data on deck, all eyes are on whether this Treasury boom has legs.

January Inflation Data Complicates Fed Plans as Rising Costs Pressure Consumers

Posted on by slightbourne@noblecapitalmarkets.com
Key Points:
– The Consumer Price Index (CPI) increased 3% year-over-year in January, exceeding expectations and accelerating from December’s 2.9%.
– Rising energy costs and food prices, particularly eggs, contributed to the largest monthly headline increase since August 2023.
– The Federal Reserve faces challenges in determining interest rate cuts, as inflation remains above its 2% target.

Newly released inflation data for January revealed that consumer prices rose at a faster-than-expected pace, complicating the Federal Reserve’s path forward. The Consumer Price Index (CPI) increased by 3% over the previous year, ticking up from December’s 2.9% annual gain. On a monthly basis, prices climbed 0.5%, marking the largest monthly increase since August 2023 and outpacing economists’ expectations of 0.3%.

Energy costs and persistent food inflation played a significant role in driving the index higher. Egg prices, in particular, surged by a staggering 15.2% in January—the largest monthly jump since June 2015—contributing to a 53% annual increase. Meanwhile, core inflation, which excludes volatile food and energy prices, rose 0.4% month-over-month, reversing December’s easing trend and posting the biggest monthly rise since April 2023.

The stickiness in core inflation remains a concern for policymakers. Shelter and service-related costs, including insurance and medical care, continue to pressure consumers despite some signs of moderation. Shelter inflation increased 4.4% annually, the smallest 12-month gain in three years. Rental price growth also showed signs of cooling, marking its slowest annual increase since early 2022. However, used car prices saw another sharp uptick, rising 2.2% in January after consecutive increases in the prior three months, further fueling inflationary pressures.

Federal Reserve officials have maintained that they will closely monitor inflation data before making any adjustments to interest rates. The central bank’s 2% target remains elusive, and the higher-than-expected January data adds another layer of complexity to future rate decisions. Economists caution that while seasonal factors and one-time influences may have played a role in January’s inflation spike, the persistence of elevated core inflation suggests that rate cuts could be delayed.

Claudia Sahm, chief economist at New Century Advisors and former Federal Reserve economist, described the report as a setback. “This is not a good print,” she said, adding that January’s inflation surprises have been a recurring theme in recent years. She noted that while this does not derail the broader disinflationary trend, it does reinforce the need for patience in assessing future rate adjustments.

The economic outlook is further complicated by recent trade policies. President Donald Trump’s imposition of 25% tariffs on steel and aluminum imports, along with upcoming tariffs on Mexico, Canada, and China, raises concerns about potential cost pressures on goods and supply chains. Market reactions were swift, with traders adjusting expectations for the Fed’s first rate cut and stocks selling off in response.

While the Federal Reserve is unlikely to react to a single month’s data, the latest inflation report suggests that policymakers will need to see consistent progress before considering rate reductions. Analysts now anticipate that any potential rate cuts may be pushed into the second half of the year, dependent on future inflation trends.

Trump’s Tariff Plan: A Bold Shift in North American Trade Policy

Posted on by slightbourne@noblecapitalmarkets.com
Key Points:
– Trump plans 25% tariffs on Mexico and Canada starting February 1.
– Critics warn of inflation and trade retaliation risks.
– Supporters see tariffs as a tool to protect U.S. industries.

President Donald Trump has announced plans to impose 25% tariffs on Mexico and Canada starting February 1, signaling a dramatic shift in North American trade policy. The move, revealed during an Oval Office signing ceremony, marks a stark departure from the United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement (USMCA) established during Trump’s first term. This decision could lead to higher prices for American consumers and significant changes in trade dynamics with two of the United States’ largest trading partners.

The executive action signed by Trump directs federal agencies to investigate the causes of U.S. trade deficits, evaluate the impact of existing trade agreements, and explore ways to implement stricter trade policies. Among the areas of focus is the USMCA, which the administration will assess to determine whether the agreement adequately serves American workers and businesses. The action also emphasizes the administration’s commitment to reducing the flow of fentanyl and undocumented migrants into the U.S. by leveraging stricter trade measures.

Trump’s proposal to overhaul trade policy aligns with his “America First” agenda, which seeks to prioritize American manufacturers, farmers, and workers. In his inaugural address, Trump emphasized the need to shift the burden of taxation from American citizens to foreign nations through tariffs. The administration’s aim to establish an “External Revenue Service” to collect tariffs further underscores the president’s commitment to this vision. However, the exact mechanisms for implementing these sweeping changes remain under debate within the administration.

Critics argue that imposing such high tariffs could backfire, harming the U.S. economy and straining relationships with key trading partners. Mexico and Canada collectively accounted for 30% of all U.S. imports in 2024, and retaliatory tariffs could impact American exports, particularly in industries like agriculture, automotive, and manufacturing. Economists warn that these measures could also exacerbate inflation, raising costs for American consumers already grappling with economic pressures.

Proponents of the tariff plan argue that import taxes could serve as a strategic tool to protect domestic industries and strengthen the U.S. economy in the long run. Trump has historically used tariff threats to bring foreign nations to the negotiating table, achieving concessions in trade agreements. However, the administration’s current stance has sparked concerns about potential trade wars and the broader implications for global trade relations.

The ideological divide within Trump’s economic team reflects ongoing debates about the best approach to achieve the administration’s goals. Some advisers advocate for a gradual implementation of tariffs to allow time for negotiations, while others support immediate and comprehensive measures to send a strong message. The legal basis for the tariffs, including the possible use of emergency powers, remains a key area of discussion.

As the February 1 deadline approaches, businesses and consumers are bracing for the potential impact of these tariffs. Analysts predict higher costs for imported goods, including electrical devices, transportation equipment, and everyday consumer products. Retaliatory measures from Mexico and Canada could further disrupt supply chains and affect industries reliant on cross-border trade.

The ultimate success of Trump’s trade policy will depend on its execution and the administration’s ability to navigate the complexities of international trade. While the president remains committed to fulfilling his campaign pledges, the long-term consequences of these tariffs on the U.S. economy and global trade landscape remain uncertain. Investors, businesses, and consumers alike will be closely watching as the situation unfolds.

New Inflation Reading Likely Keeps the Fed on Pause for Now

Posted on by slightbourne@noblecapitalmarkets.com
Key Points:
– December’s core Consumer Price Index (CPI) rose by 0.2% month-over-month, indicating a slight deceleration in inflation.
– Federal Reserve officials are expected to maintain the current interest rates at the January policy meeting.
– Concerns persist about achieving the Fed’s 2% inflation goal amid uncertainties in fiscal and regulatory policies.

Fresh inflation data released Wednesday is likely to keep the Federal Reserve on pause during its next policy meeting this month, even though a new reading did show some signs of easing.

On a “core” basis, which eliminates the more volatile costs of food and gas, the December Consumer Price Index (CPI) climbed 0.2% over the prior month, a deceleration from November’s 0.3% monthly gain. On an annual basis, prices rose 3.2%. It was the first drop on a core basis after three months of being stuck at 3.3%.

“This latest inflation reading confirms a Fed rate cut skip at the January FOMC meeting,” said EY chief economist Gregory Daco. The new print “won’t change expectations for a pause later this month, but it should curb some of the talk about the Fed potentially raising rates,” said Ellen Zentner, chief economic strategist for Morgan Stanley Wealth Management. The Fed next meets on Jan. 28-29, and investors are nearly unanimous in their view the central bank will leave rates unchanged after reducing them by a full percentage point in late 2024.

“We are making progress on inflation, it’s just very slow,” former Federal Reserve economist Claudia Sahm told Yahoo Finance Wednesday. “Cuts are not coming later this month, but that doesn’t mean they aren’t coming later this year.”

New York Fed president John Williams said after the CPI release that “while I expect that disinflation will progress, it will take time, and the process may well be choppy.” The economic outlook, he added, “remains highly uncertain, especially around potential fiscal, trade, immigration, and regulatory policies” — a reference to possible changes that could happen as part of the incoming Trump administration. Lots of Fed officials in recent weeks have been urging caution on future rate cuts.

In fact, the Fed’s December meeting minutes showed officials believed inflation could take longer than anticipated to reach their 2% goal, citing stickier-than-expected inflation data since past fall and the risks posed by new policies of Trump 2.0. They noted “the likelihood that elevated inflation could be more persistent had increased,” according to the minutes, even though they still expected the Fed to bring inflation down to its 2% goal “over the next few years.” Several members of the Fed even said at that meeting that the disinflationary process may have stalled temporarily or noted the risk that it could.

The elevated inflation concerns help explain why Fed officials in December reduced their estimate of 2025 rate cuts to two from a previous estimate of four. U.S. Federal Reserve Chair Jerome Powell speaks during a press conference where he announced the Fed had cut interest rates by a quarter point following a two-day meeting of the Federal Open Market Committee on interest rate policy in Washington, U.S., December 18, 2024. REUTERS/Kevin Lamarque.

Inflation could show new signs of progress in year-over-year comparisons later in 2025’s first quarter since in 2024 inflation spiked back up before declining again. Fed governor Michelle Bowman may be the most worried of the Fed officials, saying last week that she could have backed a pause in interest rates last month but supported a cut as the “last step” in the central bank’s “policy recalibration.”

Kansas City Fed president Jeff Schmid, a voting FOMC member this year, said, “I believe we are near the point where the economy needs neither restriction nor support, and that policy should be neutral.” Schmid said he is in favor of adjusting rates “gradually,” noting that the strength of the economy allows the Fed to be patient. Boston Fed president Susan Collins, another voting member this year, also called for a gradual approach.

“With policy already closer to a more neutral stance, I view the current nature of uncertainty as calling for a gradual and patient approach to policymaking,” Collins said. But DWS Group head of fixed income George Catrambone said the new numbers released Wednesday provided a “sigh of relief” for the Fed. But there is still a lot of uncertainty ahead, as new policies from the Trump administration may affect the outlook. As to when the Fed may first cut rates in 2025, “if we don’t see it by Jackson Hole, it’s not coming,” Catrambone added, referring to an annual Fed event that takes place in late August.

CPI Data Confirms Fed’s December Rate Cut Path

Posted on by slightbourne@noblecapitalmarkets.com
Key Points:
– Consumer Price Index (CPI) rose 2.7% year-over-year in November, meeting economist expectations.
– Core inflation remains elevated at 3.3% annually, driven by higher shelter and service costs.
– Markets now strongly anticipate a 25-basis-point Federal Reserve rate cut in December.

The Bureau of Labor Statistics released November inflation data on Wednesday, showing consumer prices increased 2.7% year-over-year. This uptick from October’s 2.6% rise aligns with economist projections and solidifies expectations for the Federal Reserve to lower interest rates at its December meeting.

On a monthly basis, the CPI increased by 0.3%, the largest gain since April. Core inflation, excluding volatile food and energy prices, also rose 0.3% month-over-month and 3.3% annually for the fourth consecutive month. Sticky inflation in core components such as shelter and services continues to challenge the Federal Reserve’s goal of achieving a 2% inflation target.

Paul Ashworth, Chief North America Economist at Capital Economics, commented on the persistence of core inflation, noting that it remains a concern but is unlikely to derail the anticipated rate cut. “We don’t expect it to persuade the Fed to skip another 25bp rate cut at next week’s FOMC meeting,” he stated.

Shelter Inflation Moderates, Food Costs Persist

Shelter inflation contributed nearly 40% of the monthly CPI increase, though the annual gain of 4.7% marked a deceleration from October’s 4.9%. Both rent and owners’ equivalent rent showed their smallest monthly increases since mid-2021, suggesting potential relief in housing costs.

Meanwhile, food prices remain a sticky category for inflation. The food index rose 0.4% month-over-month, with notable increases in categories like eggs, which surged 8.2% in November after declining in October. Energy prices also edged higher, rising 0.2% month-over-month, while apparel and personal care costs saw noticeable gains.

Market and Policy Implications

Financial markets reacted positively to the CPI report, as fears of an upside surprise were unfounded. The odds of a 25-basis-point rate cut at the Fed’s December meeting increased to 97% following the release. However, economists remain cautious about potential inflationary pressures stemming from President-elect Donald Trump’s proposed policies, including tariffs and corporate tax cuts.

Seema Shah, Chief Global Strategist at Principal Asset Management, noted the Federal Reserve’s likely shift toward a more cautious approach after December. “We expect the Fed to move off autopilot in January, adopting a more cautious tone, and slowing its pace of cuts to just every other meeting,” Shah said.

As inflation trends remain in focus, the Federal Reserve’s decisions in the coming months will be critical in shaping the economic outlook for 2025.

September CPI Shows Slight Inflation Increase as Jobless Claims Hit 14-Month High

Posted on by cpatches
Key Points:
– CPI rose by 0.2% in September, bringing annual inflation to 2.4%, slightly above expectations.
– Weekly jobless claims surged to 258,000, the highest in 14 months, influenced by hurricanes and strikes.
– The Federal Reserve is expected to continue lowering interest rates, with an 87.1% chance of a 25-basis-point cut in November.

The Consumer Price Index (CPI) rose by 0.2% in September, slightly higher than expected, bringing the annual inflation rate to 2.4%. This increase was 0.1 percentage point above both August’s reading and market expectations. Over the past 12 months, CPI has increased by 2.4%, outpacing the forecasted 2.3%. Core prices, which exclude food and energy, rose by 0.3% for the month.

Despite this increase, inflation continues to trend down from its peak earlier this year, hitting its lowest level since February 2021. Key price shifts included a 1.9% drop in energy prices, a 0.4% increase in food prices, and a 0.2% rise in shelter costs. These changes, while modest, reflect some external pressures, including the ongoing conflict in the Middle East and the lingering effects of natural disasters.

In labor market news, weekly jobless claims surged to a 14-month high, reaching 258,000 for the week ending October 5, an increase of 33,000 from the previous week. The rise in claims is partly attributed to hurricane and strike activity. Florida and North Carolina, impacted by Hurricane Helene, saw a combined increase of 12,376 jobless claims. Michigan, affected by the Boeing strike, reported an additional 9,490 claims.

Despite the uptick in unemployment claims, nonfarm payrolls rose significantly in September. The Federal Reserve remains focused on reaching its inflation target of 2% and has begun lowering benchmark interest rates, including a half-point reduction in September. Further rate cuts are anticipated, with futures markets pricing in an 87.1% chance of a 25-basis-point cut in November, according to the CME’s FedWatch Tool.

While inflation was slightly higher than expected, external factors like hurricanes, strikes, and global tensions continue to influence economic dynamics. The Fed remains optimistic that inflation will continue its downward trend, though unforeseen events and upcoming political changes could impact future economic stability.

Fed’s Key Inflation Gauge Drops to 2.2% in August, Paving Way for Further Rate Cuts

Posted on by slightbourne@noblecapitalmarkets.com
Key Points:
– The PCE price index showed inflation at 2.2% in August, the lowest since early 2021.
– Core PCE, excluding food and energy, rose 2.7%, staying steady with July’s reading.
– The lower-than-expected inflation could prompt additional interest rate cuts by the Fed.

The Federal Reserve’s key inflation measure, the Personal Consumption Expenditures (PCE) price index, posted a notable drop to 2.2% in August, marking the lowest inflation rate since February 2021. This is a clear signal that inflation is continuing its downward trend, positioning the Fed for future interest rate cuts.

The PCE index, which measures the cost of goods and services in the U.S. economy, saw just a 0.1% increase in August from the previous month. Economists had expected the year-over-year inflation rate to settle at 2.3%, but the actual figure came in even lower, underscoring a continued easing of inflation pressures. This development further supports the Fed’s pivot toward focusing on labor market support, rather than aggressive inflation-fighting measures.

The core PCE index, which excludes the volatile food and energy prices, rose by 0.1% in August and maintained an annual increase of 2.7%, in line with economists’ expectations. This core measure is a preferred gauge for the Fed when assessing long-term inflation trends. The steady core inflation number is likely to reinforce the Fed’s decision-making, signaling that while inflation is cooling, there are still pressures, especially in key sectors such as housing.

The recent PCE numbers are particularly crucial as they come on the heels of the Fed’s decision to cut its benchmark interest rate by half a percentage point, lowering it to a target range of 4.75%-5%. It was the first time since March 2020 that the Fed made such a significant rate cut, deviating from its typical quarter-point moves.

With inflation easing closer to the Fed’s long-term 2% target, the latest data could pave the way for additional interest rate reductions by the end of the year. Many market participants expect the Fed to make another cut by half a percentage point before the year’s end, followed by further reductions in 2025.

Fed officials have gradually shifted their focus from solely managing inflation to also supporting the U.S. labor market. Recent data has indicated some softening in the job market, with Fed policymakers noting the need to balance between maintaining price stability and ensuring continued employment growth.

Chris Larkin, managing director of trading and investing at E-Trade from Morgan Stanley, commented on the positive inflation news, saying, “Inflation continues to keep its head down, and while economic growth may be slowing, there’s no indication it’s falling off a cliff.”

Despite the positive inflation report, personal income and spending data were weaker than expected. Personal income increased by 0.2%, while spending also rose by 0.2% in August. Both figures fell short of their respective forecasts of 0.4% and 0.3%. These softer numbers suggest that while inflation may be cooling, consumer demand remains fragile, posing potential risks to broader economic growth.

Looking ahead, investors and market watchers will be closely monitoring upcoming U.S. data, including personal consumption expenditures and jobless claims, for further clues about the Fed’s next move.

Dow Hits Record High on Tame Inflation Report, Boosts Small Caps

Posted on by slightbourne@noblecapitalmarkets.com
Key Points:
– Dow reaches a new record high on the back of a moderate inflation report, indicating that lower interest rates may be on the horizon.
– Small-cap stocks surge, with the Russell 2000 index climbing 1.5% due to favorable low-rate conditions.
– S&P 500 and Nasdaq dip slightly, but remain near record highs from recent sessions.

The Dow Jones Industrial Average reached a new record high on Friday, as investors reacted positively to a tame inflation report that signaled the potential for lower interest rates. This news provided a significant boost to small-cap stocks, with the Russell 2000 index surging by 1.5%, marking its highest point in a week. The broader market remained buoyant, though the S&P 500 and Nasdaq Composite both dipped slightly. However, both indexes held near record highs reached in recent trading sessions, underscoring overall market strength.

The small-cap rally is particularly notable given the sector’s sensitivity to interest rates. As inflationary pressures ease, small-cap stocks, which generally benefit more from lower borrowing costs, are poised for stronger performance. Investors are increasingly optimistic that the Federal Reserve will continue to lower interest rates, creating a more favorable environment for smaller companies that are more reliant on domestic growth and financing.

At the core of this market optimism is the notion that inflation has been effectively tamed, leading investors to believe that the economy is on track for a “soft landing.” According to Liz Young Thomas, head of investment strategy at SoFi, “The market is pricing in a soft landing, with the assumption that inflation has been defeated and the Fed can lower rates without causing harm to the economy.” This belief has led to increased confidence across various sectors, but the biggest gains have been seen in small-cap stocks, which stand to benefit more directly from a low-interest-rate environment.

The latest report from the Commerce Department highlighted moderate growth in consumer spending, which, paired with cooling inflation, further bolstered market sentiment. In addition, the University of Michigan’s final reading on September consumer sentiment came in at 70.1, surpassing economists’ expectations of 69.3. This data added fuel to the market rally, particularly in sectors such as energy and financials. However, the real standout was the Russell 2000 index, which tracks small-cap companies that typically perform well when borrowing costs are lower.

At midday, the Dow Jones Industrial Average was up 0.45%, adding 191.49 points to reach 42,366.60. The S&P 500 dipped by 0.06%, while the Nasdaq Composite slipped by 0.32%, driven largely by declines in the technology sector. Despite these slight pullbacks, both the S&P 500 and Nasdaq remain near their record highs from earlier in the week, reflecting underlying market strength.

The Russell 2000’s performance is especially significant, as small-cap stocks are often more volatile and sensitive to shifts in the economic landscape. With the Federal Reserve expected to maintain or increase rate cuts, these stocks are increasingly seen as attractive investments. As of Friday, investors had begun to favor a larger 50 basis point rate cut at the Fed’s next meeting, with a 52.1% probability of this move, up from a near 50/50 chance before the inflation data was released.

Energy stocks were among the best performers on Friday, with eight out of the 11 S&P 500 sectors gaining ground. In contrast, technology stocks, which had fueled much of the recent market rally, pulled back. Shares of Nvidia fell by 2.56%, weighing heavily on the tech-heavy Nasdaq.

The shift in investor focus towards small-cap stocks underscores the broader market’s expectations of prolonged monetary easing, which could provide a sustained tailwind for these companies. With borrowing costs expected to decline further, small caps like those tracked by the Russell 2000 are positioned to capitalize on lower rates, potentially outperforming their larger counterparts in the coming months.

As inflation continues to cool and rate cuts loom, small caps could be at the forefront of the next market rally, driven by investor optimism in a more favorable economic environment.

Mortgage Refinance Boom Takes Hold as Weekly Demand Surges 20%

Posted on by slightbourne@noblecapitalmarkets.com
Key Points:
– Refinancing applications surged 20% in one week amid declining mortgage rates.
– Mortgage rates fell to 6.13%, the lowest in two years, driving demand.
– The refinance share of mortgage applications reached 55.7% of total demand.

Mortgage refinance activity has seen a significant surge as homeowners across the United States rush to take advantage of falling interest rates. According to the Mortgage Bankers Association (MBA), applications to refinance home loans soared by 20% last week compared to the previous week, driven by the continuous decline in mortgage rates. This marks a stunning 175% increase in refinance demand from the same time last year.

The average contract interest rate for 30-year fixed-rate mortgages with conforming loan balances ($766,550 or less) dropped to 6.13% from 6.15%. Though the change may seem small, the cumulative effect of eight straight weeks of declining rates is pushing homeowners to seize the opportunity for potential savings. Joel Kan, vice president and deputy chief economist at MBA, highlighted this ongoing trend: “The 30-year fixed rate decreased for the eighth straight week to 6.13%, while the FHA rate decreased to 5.99%, breaking the psychologically important 6% level.”

Refinance applications now make up 55.7% of all mortgage applications, showcasing how appealing the current rates are for homeowners. However, while the percentage rise is significant, the overall level of refinancing activity remains modest when compared to previous refinancing waves. The ongoing economic environment, combined with seasonal slowdowns in homebuying, has contributed to this pattern.

Despite the seasonal slowdown, mortgage applications to purchase homes rose just 1% over the last week, demonstrating that homebuyers are still facing challenges like high home prices and limited inventory. These factors have kept the pace of new home purchases relatively stable, with purchase applications only 2% higher than the same week last year.

One interesting takeaway from the latest data is that average loan sizes for both refinancing and home purchases have reached record highs. The overall average loan size hit $413,100 last week, the largest in the survey’s history. This reflects both the continued rise in home values and the larger loan amounts that homeowners are seeking, particularly in high-cost markets.

Looking ahead, mortgage rates have not seen significant movement at the start of this week. However, they may react as more pressing economic data, such as jobs reports and inflation numbers, are released in the coming weeks. Any developments in the broader economic outlook could influence the future path of mortgage rates, either stabilizing them or prompting further fluctuations.

For now, homeowners who have yet to take advantage of the current low rates are eyeing the market closely, as more savings could be realized with additional rate cuts. With mortgage rates remaining near their lowest levels in two years, the refinancing boom may continue to gain traction, especially if the Federal Reserve implements further rate cuts to counter slowing economic growth.