Category: Markets

When Shorting a Stock Becomes Illegal

Posted on by phoffman@channelchek.com

Crossing the Line into Naked Short Selling

Shorting a stock by itself is not illegal and can even be thought of as helping the liquidity in the company’s shares as many more continuously change hands (volume). Brokers and institutional investors can also reap additional benefits. For all participating investors, it allows the opportunity for money to be made as long as the stock is moving up or down. However, among the legal shorts, there are illegal short positions being made. This has been the subject of controversy, Volkswagen in 2008, GameStop 2021, and AMC which has worked to end attempts of this kind of activity in its stock.

The Upside-Downside of Legal Short Selling

Selling a stock that you don’t own puts you, the seller at a greater risk than buying a stock. The reason is simple, stocks can theoretically go up by an infinite amount, however, they can only go down by their current value. If your shorts go up, you are losing value in your position. With this risk in mind, selling shares you don’t own, or a shorting strategy, certainly can work in your favor if your risk management short-circuits are in place and the stock’s value erodes.

A legal short position involves your broker borrowing shares on your behalf, perhaps from a large institutional holder, paying them a daily accrual rebate rate (interest) during the period that you hold the short position. The strategy is to buy them back at a lower price in the future than what you sold them at today.

Crossing the Line to Naked Short Selling

The word “naked” when it comes to most investments, suggests that you are without that which you are trading. If the same amount of shares has been borrowed on your behalf or by you as part of your short transaction, you are not naked in the position.

Naked shorting is the illegal practice of short selling shares that have not been affirmatively determined to exist. This can happen when there are so many market players thinking shares will decline in value that more shares are sold than obtainable to back up each trade.

Despite the SEC making this illegal after 2008 in response to some failing investment banks that had been sold beyond the number of shares in existence, naked shorting still goes on today.

One example still fresh in many self-directed investors’ minds is GameStop (GME) shares. In 2021, traders reportedly sold short around 140% of GME shares outstanding. This meant a substantial amount of shares of the company were sold that didn’t exist. What allowed these trades go through was something called ‘phantom’ sales, the tool of naked short selling.

Phantom Sales?

The term “phantom sales” sounds even more nefarious than “naked shorts.” What it means, is that the naked short sellers deposited digital IOUs into buyers’ accounts, promising that they will locate shares and make good delivery to the buyer as soon as possible. Unfortunately, it can become impossible when more shares are sold than exist. That creates a failure to deliver or simply “FTD” which is used in a hashtag that most that follow AMC Theatres (AMC) are familiar with.

When a stock gets oversold to the point of more shares sold than exist, it can be very bullish for the holders. This is because the short sellers desperately need to make good on their IOUs held by buyers.

If buying demand picks up in the stocks, the short positions are considered to be getting “squeezed” –  a “short squeeze” is taking place.

In the case of GME, communication made better through social media channels and stock message boards allowed individual investors to loosely coordinate and heighten the squeeze on short sellers, including large institutional hedge funds that may have had naked short positions.

Naked Shorts Banned

Imagine the problems and stress that occurs when trades don’t settle on time due to naked short-selling delivery failures.

The SEC banned the practice of naked short-selling in the United States in 2008 after the financial crisis. The ban applies to naked shorting only and not to other short-selling activities. Prior to the ban, in 2007 the regulator amended a 2005 rule called Regulation SHO. The amendment limits possibilities for naked shorting by removing loopholes that existed for some broker-dealers in 2007. Regulation SHO requires lists to be published that track stocks with unusually high trends in failing to deliver (FTD) shares.

These lists are available to investors and often used to determine where activity may become frantic.

A variant that is not banned, or in violation of SEC is rules is an FTD where the shares were located, but there is a legitimate failure to deliver. That is the short seller contacted a holder (usually through a broker) and they both agreed to terms of the short-seller borrowing authentic shares of the company.

Take Away

Short selling is a normal function of trading and not frowned upon by the regulators. However you have to be in touch with shares that are available for you to borrow at an agreed-upon interest rate. Otherwise you may find you are naked selling because you don’t own the shares, and can not make delivery.  

These rules apply to stocks that trade on a national exchange. For those stocks not listed on a major securities exchange, the SEC may require more disclosure from the transacting broker.

Paul Hoffman

Managing Editor, Channelchek

Why Small Cap Stocks Started to Attract Mega Cap Investors

Posted on by phoffman@channelchek.com

Small Cap Companies Making June 2023 a Whole New Race

June is shaping up to be the month when small-cap stocks are the stocks to watch. This investment news is based on the huge lead they have taken since the opening bell on Friday June 2nd. The Russell 2000 index tracks U.S. small-cap stocks. While the index is up less than 3% in 2023, and the S&P 500 is up nearly 12%, and Nasdaq is up almost 27%, historically, the average return over time is expected to be greater for small-caps. In order for the averages to come back in line with historical norms, the large-cap stocks either have to begin trending down, the small-caps upward, or maybe a little of both. There is new reason to believe that now is the time that small-caps are finally getting back into the race.

The Russell Small-Cap Index, which is made up of the lowest 2,000 companies in terms of market cap of the broader Russell 3000, was up 3.6% on Friday, June 2nd; it gave up 1.1% on the following Monday, then rallied on Tuesday, June 6th by 2.8%. Meanwhile, the other indexes stalled. Friday’s gains were its largest one-day increase in six months, and Tuesday represents its biggest gain since early March.

Both large-cap indexes attribute their gains to the high-flying mega-cap tech stocks. Much of the non-tech portions of these indexes are not contributing to the year’s great performance. Some analysts are beginning to express concern that Nasdaq valuations are stretched. In contrast, price/earnings ratios on many small-cap stocks are below historical norms.

What’s more, is the earnings per share (EPS) is beginning to be revised upward, “small caps are finally starting to participate in the EPS revisions recovery,” said Lori Calvasina, head of U.S. equity strategy at RBC Capital Markets, in a research note Monday. “The rate of upward EPS estimate revisions has moved up to 50% for the Russell 2000,” she said, adding that more than half the sectors in the index are “now in positive revisions territory for both EPS and revenues.”

Source: Koyfin


Calvarisa highlighted these sectors: utilities, consumer staples, healthcare, industrials, communications services, information technology, and TIMT (technology, internet, media and telecommunications), saying they have both positive EPS and revenue revisions among the small-caps.

Another interesting reason for the promise of small-caps stealing the show in June, according to the RBC research, small-cap stocks usually bottom three to six months before EPS forecasts start rising again.

The introduction of artificial intelligence (AI), from primarily small market cap companies and how the new technology can help with online research and creative inspiration, has placed investors in megacap stocks like Google and Microsoft on notice. They now know that a younger superior technology may disrupt a large part of these tech giants’ business. Not dissimilar to what they had done as small companies a few decades earlier.

Take Away

June is always an exciting month for companies with small market cap as the Russell 3000 index reconstitution also reshapes the small-cap Russell 2000 during June. Many self-directed investors try to front-run the institutions that are required to own or eliminate stocks from their portfolios. Price movements can be large.

The excitement is being compounded by the fear creeping in among large-cap investors, EPS revisions, and of course the reversion to mean average performance of large-cap stocks, to small-caps.  

Paul Hoffman

Managing Editor, Channelchek

Sources

https://www.morningstar.com/news/marketwatch/20230606265/small-cap-stocks-are-surging-tuesday-as-broader-us-market-sleeps-heres-why

https://www.morningstar.com/news/marketwatch/20230605260/small-cap-stocks-lag-in-2023-but-heres-where-theyre-finally-starting-to-see-positive-earnings-revisions

https://www.cnbc.com/video/2023/06/02/small-caps-are-benefitting-from-the-value-trade-catchup-says-rbcs-lori-calvasina.html?__source=iosappshare%7Ccom.apple.UIKit.activity.CopyToPasteboard

https://app.koyfin.com/share/09d4d3eaad

The Week Ahead –  Debt Limit Clouds Lift

Posted on by phoffman@channelchek.com

This Week Will Feature Few Economic Releases and a Focus on Next Weeks FOMC

The week ahead is quiet on the economic release front. And there won’t be any market moving Fed president addresses to keep the market on its toes; the Fed members are in a blackout period leading up to next week’s June 13-14 FOMC meeting.

The markets can also stop talking about whether the US will default on debt as the short end of the fixed-income market will have to adjust to a sudden but short-lived increase in US Treasury bills.

Monday 6/5

  • 10:00 AM ET, Factory Orders are expected to have risen 0.8 percent in April versus March’s 0.9 percent rise. Durable Goods Orders for April, which have already been released and are one of two major components of this report, rose 1.1 percent on the month. Factory Orders are a leading indicator, it represents the dollar level of new orders for both durable and nondurable goods.
  • 10:00 AM ET, The Institute for Supply Management Services (ISM Services) is expected to be relatively steady at 52 for May after a 51.9 print in April.

Tuesday 6/6

  • Nothing Scheduled

Wednesday 6/7

  • 8:30 PM ET, International Trade in Goods and Services is expected to show a deficit of $75.4 billion for April for total goods and services trade which would compare with a $64.2 billion deficit in March. Advance data on the goods side of April’s report showed a very large $12.1 billion deepening in the deficit.
  • 10:30 AM ET, The Energy Information Administration (EIA) will be providing its scheduled weekly information on petroleum inventories, whether produced in the US or abroad. The level of inventories helps determine prices for petroleum products.
  • 3:00 PM ET, Consumer Credit is expected to have increased by $21.0 billion in April versus an increase of $26.5 billion in March. This report has surprised on the high side the last three months.

Thursday 6/8

  • 8:30 AM ET, Jobless claims for the week ending June 3 are expected to have increased to 240,000 versus 232,000 in the prior week. This has been a very closely watched report as it is expected it has indicated the Fed has room to tighten further if other data remain too strong.
  • 10:00 AM ET, Wholesale Inventories will be released as a second estimate before the final. The second estimate for April is expected to be a 0.2 percent decline, unchanged from the first estimate. Wholesale trade measures the dollar value of sales made and inventories held by merchant wholesalers. It is a component of business sales and inventories  Corporate Profits are pulled from the national income and product accounts (NIPA) and are presented in different forms.
  • 4:30 PM ET, The Federal Reserve’s  Balance Sheet has attracted additional attention as it is a good indicator of whether it is following its quantitative tightening plan, and whether there has been a significant change in banks looking to the Fed, which may mean trouble in the sector. For the week ending June 7, the Federal Reserve is expected to hold assets worth $8.386 trillion. This would be a week-on-week decline of $50.4 billion. All non-cash assets can be viewed as money that at one time was  injected into the economy as stimulation.            

Friday 6/9

  • 10:00 AM ET, The Quarterly Services Survey focuses on information and technology-related service industries. These include information; professional, scientific and technical services; administrative & support services; and waste management and remediation services. Services revenue is expected to have increased by 2.9%.

What Else

The key factors that the Fed will consider when making their decision next week at the FOMC meeting are the pace and trend of economic growth, the level of inflation, the strength of the labor market, and the risk of recession.

Additionally, the FOMC will have to determine if the moves to date will have a more substantial impact over time. Currently, inflation is not coming down, jobs are abundant relative to job seekers, and the risk of a recession over the next two quarters seems low. For these reasons, some believe the Fed will remain hawkish yet pause for this meeting. However, next week during the first day of the two-day meeting CPI (consumer inflation) will be released. It would be premature to forecast a Fed decision until the contents of that report are known.

Paul Hoffman

Managing Editor, Channelchek

What Investors in Stocks Can Learn from Index Investors

Posted on by phoffman@channelchek.com

Why Aggregate Portfolio Return is More Important than Any Single Holding

Have you ever agonized over a stock in your portfolio that is not performing as you had hoped? While it’s the nature of investing to not bat 1000, it can be hard not to think of the decision to have bought it as a mistake. It probably isn’t. Here is a better way to look at it that uses a recent example (June 1, 2023).

On the first day of June, investors in the Nasdaq 100 (NDX) found themselves up 1.17%. That’s a decent run in one day, and since they are focused on the indexed fund that they are invested in as one investment (not 100), they are content and confident.

But what if they owned the underlying 100 stocks in the fund instead? They might be kicking themselves for having bought Lucid (LCID), or 22 other holdings that are down. Using Lucid as an example, it is lower by 15.6% (June 1); the day before it closed at $7.76, and it is only worth $6.55 today.

Ouch? Or no big deal?

The overall blend of the portfolio is up, yet at the same time, 23 holdings are down – no big deal – this is the way portfolio investing works. In fact ten of the stocks in the NDX declined by more than the 1.17% the overall portfolio is up. Most index fund investors just look at one number and don’t look under the hood for reasons to feel remorse (or glee).

Aggregate Return

There are many reasons investors, even professional financial advisors, avoid building a portfolio with individual stocks, but choose index funds. One is not taking responsibility. If you own, or if an investment manager buys a mix of stocks that are in total up a respectable amount, yet some are underperformers, laggards and drags on the overall portfolio performance, there is a feeling of responsibility for the holdings that are down, the dollar amount lost, and the drag on return that is staring them in the face possibly causing sleepless nights.

On this one day, almost 25% of the Nasdaq 100 was down while the index was up 1.17%. The biggest gainer, PDD Holdings (PDD), is only up by half the percentage of LCID’s is selloff. Yet those looking at the aggregate return and not individual return are feeling mighty good about themselves. And that’s good.

If you hold a portfolio of stocks and did your research, whether it be fundamental analysis, technical analysis, industry trends, etc., and understand why every stock is in your portfolio, you could easily be better off if you learn not to agonize over losers. The returns in most of the last five years in index funds have come because of the weighting of the stocks that have gained, not by having more winners. It has become normal for an index that is up on the year to have been carried by just a dozen or so stocks that are in the mix.

Don’t Undermine Your Portfolio

Investors can negatively impact their performance by focusing too much on one stock. When this happens, they can make bad decisions, some of these decisions might be pain-related, others ego, either way, rational decisions are based on investment probabilities, not human emotions, or overthinking; these can ruin good decisions that would have led to improved returns.

Other investors undermine their portfolio differently, by not wanting the responsibility. They buy the index, and they are done – its out of their hands. If average returns are their goal, they’ve succeeded. Or if they are a financial professional and separating themselves from responsibility is the objective, index funds allow them to blame “the market”; it isn’t their fault – they have succeeded.

If an investor can overcome both of these, they can manage their own holdings and be as or more content than an index fund investor. If they follow good portfolio management strategies including, diversification, analysis, research, etc., and then mainly focus on aggregate return, they can make bette decisions and lose less sleep. Individual stocks don’t matter as much when you are purposeful when choosing holdings. Most large indexed funds aren’t purposeful, they aren’t intended to be investments, there makeup is formulaic and meant to mimic the market, not provide stellar returns.  

Take Away

No investor bats 1000. Even top portfolios may have more losers than winners, the key is to have bigger winners and not overreact or over focus on a few holdings. For investors, a portfolio of individual companies can lead to more mental highs and lows as each stock is a personal decision with great expectations. Avoid this by thinking differently. If those one or two stocks don’t perform as expected, think of all the down stocks in all the index funds that the owners aren’t even paying attention to. All these investors are looking at is one number, aggregate return on all the holdings. Maybe you should too.

Paul Hoffman

Managing Editor, Channelchek

Source

Nasdaq Market Activity

What Investors Learned in May That They Can Use in June

Posted on by phoffman@channelchek.com

Looking Back at the Markets in May and Forward to June

Conviction in the overall stock market was weak in May, while enthusiasm for specific sectors was strong. June investors may regain some clarity as markets may be relieved from the debt ceiling dark cloud that kept investors overly cautious. But a renewed fear that the Fed is losing ground to inflation may become the focal point until the coming FOMC meeting. In the meantime, any increase in the debt limit signed into law kicks the can down the road, ongoing increases in borrowing and spending may not haunt the overall market in June, but the path of escalating debt is unsustainable for a healthy U.S. economy.

The next scheduled FOMC meeting is June 13-14. We will have another look at consumer inflation numbers before the June 14 Fed monetary policy decision date CPI (June 13).

While the Fed is wrestling with stubborn inflation, it is keeping an eye on the strong labor markets, which provides leeway and perhaps even a strong reason fo it to continue riding the economic break pedal by being increasingly less accommodative. Although low unemployment is desirable, tight labor markets are helping to drive prices up. The Fed aims to find a better balance.

Image Credit: Koyfin

Look Back

Three broad stock market indices (S&P 500, Nasdaq 100, and Russell 2000) are positive on the month of May. The Dow Industrials spent the entire month in negative territory. The Nasdaq 100 was the big winner (+8.7%) on the back of tech stocks as many have been inspired by the earnings performance and stock price performance of Nvidia (NVDA). The S&P 500 (+1.46%) and Russell 2000 (+1.21%) had a good showing putting the Russell 2000 back in positive territory for 2023. The Dow Industrials is negative (-2.30%), leaving this NYSE index down (-.72%) on the year.

During June, inflation showed signs that it was not decelerating but instead could be building strength. While the Fed raised rates by .25% and continued on pace with quantitative tightening, the impact has been seen as a sharp decrease in money supply (M2), but the central banks’ intended effect has not been realized.

Monetary policy is seen as having a lagging effect; that is to say, when the Fed pushes rates up today, it may take a year to work its way into the system to cause slowing and less demand to reduce price increases. Whether the Fed has done enough can only be seen in the rearview mirror months from now.

Source: Koyfin

Market Sector Lookback

Of the 11 S&P market sectors (SPDRs), three were in positive territory as May came to a close. Technology, ticker XLK (+8.85%), was the only sector that showed an increase the previous month as well (.08%). That is followed by Communications Services, ticker XLC (3.92%), and Consumer Discretionary, ticker XLY, (+3.56%).

The S&P 500, which is comprised of the 11 market sectors, was barely positive during the month of May (+56%). 

Of the three worst performers are Industrials, ticker XLI (-3.67%), it faired the best as the industrial sector has been relatively flat on the year. The Materials, ticker XLB, (-6.87%) took a larger hit as commodities prices dropped during the month; this sector was positive on the year going into May. Energy, ticker XLE, (-11.73%) has been volatile during 2023. It is just off its low (-12%) that it reached in mid-March.

Looking Forward

The job market is strong, and inflation, at best, isn’t declining; this makes it more comfortable for the Fed to raise rates. Another way to look at it is it creates a need for them to continue to hammer away to reverse the inflationary trend – and the economic latitude in which to do it.

While the energy sector was the worst performer among S&P 500 sectors, there are factors suggesting the trend could hold until OPEC and Russia begin to work in synch again. Oil prices are near their lowest levels all year, reflecting a drop in global demand, on the output side, since October, OPEC+ was supposed to be reducing production by 3.5 million barrels a day. There are signs that a key country in the alliance isn’t adhering to the announced production cuts. Whether this causes additional “cheating”, or causes the cartel to force members to fall in line remains to be seen.

Technology stocks, particularly those that could possibly benefit from the artificial intelligence revolution, are likely to be among the focus for a while. The sudden broad awareness of what the technology can do has sent investors scrambling for exposure. Whether the potential (AI) is unleashed quickly or the promise of AI now takes a slower road remains to be seen.

The Russell Reconstitution will be complete as of the first Monday in June. The index will have its new components and the portfolio managers of indexed funds ought to own the stocks that were added to the indexes in their funds and sell out of those that are no longer in the funds index. This creates a lot of activity around June 24. When the market opens on June 27, the index with its new makeup will be set.

Take-Away

The market was full of uncertainty in May. Yet three of the four major market indexes were higher. The signing into law of an increased debt ceiling will make one of the most worrisome objections to being involved disappear. This may unleash buyers that were sidelined.

Technology, caused by high expectations of AI was the focus during May; often, hype causes investors to shoot first and aim later. There will be winners and losers in this technology segment, as with any investment; remove yourself from the hype, carefully evaluate the opportunity, and read the professional research, positive and negative, of those you trust.  

By the end of the month we will have two quarters of 2023 behind us, and there are no signs of a recession and little on the horizon to cause U.S. growth to falter quickly enough for there to be a recession this year. It is unlikely the Fed will ease in 2023. It is, however, likely a pause will eventually happen. There are reasons to believe that the pause won’t happen in June.

The axiom, sell in May and walk away is in question. Three of the four major indexes were up in May, so the jury is still out as to whether selling made sense for 2023.

Paul Hoffman

Managing Editor, Channelchek

Sources

https://www.clevelandfed.org/indicators-and-data/inflation-nowcasting

Koyfin | Advanced graphing and analytical tools for investors

Should Investors Expect Ongoing Monetary Policy Tightening Through 2023?

Posted on by phoffman@channelchek.com

Is the Fed Falling Behind on Slowing the Economy?

Is the Federal Reserve’s monetary policy losing out to inflationary pressures? While supply chain costs have long been taken out of the inflation forecast, demand pressures have been stronger than hoped for by the Fed. One area of demand is the labor markets. While the Federal Reserve has a dual mandate to keep prices stable and maximize employment, the shortage of workers is adding to demand-pull inflation as wages are a large input cost in a service economy. As employment remains strong, they have room to raise rates, but if strong employment is a significant cause of price pressures, they may decide to keep the increases coming.

Background

The number of new jobs unfilled increased last month as US job openings rose unexpectedly in April. The total job openings stood at 10.1 million. Make no mistake, the members of the Fed trying to steer this huge economic ship would like to see everyone working. However, with the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) reporting “unemployed persons” at 5.7 million in April as compared to 10.1 million job openings, creates far more demand than there are people to fill the positions. Those with the right skills will find their worth has climbed as they get bid up by employers that are still financially better off hiring more expensive talent rather than doing without.

This causes wage inflation as these increased business costs work their way down into the final cost of goods and services we consume, as inflation.

Where We’re At

The 10.1 million job openings employers posted is an increase from the 9.7 million in the prior month. It is also the most since January 2023. In contrast, economists had expected vacancies to slip below 9.5 million. The increase and big miss by economists’ forecasting increases in job opportunities is a clear sign of strength in the nation’s labor market. This complicates Chair Jerome Powell’s position, along with other Fed members. 

It isn’t popular to try to crush demand for new employees, but rising consumer costs at more than twice the Fed’s target will be viewed as too much.

The Fed says that it is data driven, this data is unsettling for those hoping for a pause or pivot.


The Investment Climate

These numbers and other strong economic numbers that were reported in April, create some uncertainty for investors as most would prefer to see the Fed stimulating rather than tightening conditions.

But the market has been resilient, despite the Feds’ resolve. The Fed has raised its benchmark interest rate ten times in the last 14 months. Yet jobs remain unfilled, and the stock market has gained quite a bit of ground in 2023. The concern has been that the Fed may overdo it and cause a recession. While even the Fed Chair admitted this is a risk he is willing to take, he also added that it is easier to start a stalled economy than it is to reel one in and the inflation that goes along with expansion.

So the strong labor market (along with other recent data releases) provides room for the Fed to tighten as there are still nearly two jobs for every job seeker. Additional tightening will eventually have the effect of simmering inflation to a more tolerable temperature. If the Fed overdoes it on the brake pedal, according to Powell, he knows where the gas pedal is.

Paul Hoffman

Managing Editor, Channelchek

Sources

https://www.bls.gov/news.release/pdf/empsit.pdf

Demystifying Enterprise Value: Unlocking Opportunities in the Stock Market

Posted on by phoffman@channelchek.com

Why Some Investors Evaluate a Stock Using Enterprise Value vs. Market Cap

Stock selection between different companies is always an apples to oranges comparison – even when the companies are in the same industry. But uncovering comparative value among the universe of stocks and other investment options is fundamental to successful investing. So successful stock market investors must sift for certain criteria, these filters are often financial measures. While data such as Earnings Per Share and P/E ratio get a  lot of attention, other metrics may help investors sort and filter to create their watch list, as some companies move toward the investor’s buy list. One of these is Enterprise Value in comparison to Market Capitalization.

Understanding Enterprise Value

Enterprise value (EV) is the total value of a company, defined in terms of its financing. It includes the current market capitalization (share price x shares outstanding) and compares it to the cost to pay off debt, then adds in asset values. The below calculation results in establishing  the company’s enterprise value, indicating what one might think should be the minimum needed to buy the company.

EV=Market Cap+Debt-Cash

The result can be thought of as the potential cost to acquire a business based on the company’s capital structure. As a concept, enterprise value gives you a realistic starting point for what one would need to spend to acquire a public company outright.  In reality, it typically takes a premium to EV for an acquisition offer to be accepted.

Trading Below Enterprise Value

When a company is trading below its enterprise value, it suggests that the market is valuing the company at a price lower than what its underlying assets would be worth if sold separately. In some circumstances, This situation presents investors with potential opportunities and indicates that further research and investigation may be prudent.

A popular example of a company that has traded below EV, or less than the net of its assets and debt, is Apple. The company has had on its books massive amounts of cash, along with longer-term assets, the value less any debt is higher than the market cap (Outstanding Shares x Price Per Share). 

Looking for Potential Buys

There are times when it may be worth considering an investment in a company that is trading below its enterprise value:

Temporary Market Pessimism: Companies may experience short-term setbacks, negative market sentiment, or sector-wide pessimism that leads to their stock price trading below enterprise value. It is important to assess whether the company’s fundamental strengths remain intact despite these challenges. If the negative sentiment appears temporary and the company is expected to rebound, it could be a window of opportunity.

Mispricing and Market Inefficiencies: The stock market is less than perfectly efficient, and mispricings do occur. Investors who identify stocks trading below enterprise value due to market inefficiencies can potentially capitalize on these pricing discrepancies. The investor may have to roll up their sleeves to do more analysis to determine whether the undervaluation is based on actual fundamental weaknesses or if it is a result of temporary market inefficiencies.

Asset-Rich Companies: Companies with significant tangible or intangible assets, such as real estate, patents, or intellectual property, may trade below enterprise value. Investors may find these stocks attractive as the underlying assets can provide a margin of safety and potential upside. Assessing the value and potential monetization of these assets is crucial before considering an investment.

In the case of Apple above, cash is easier to evaluate than real estate, patents, or other assets.

Considering Sellling

While stocks trading below enterprise value can present attractive opportunities, there are circumstances when it may be wise to consider selling.

Fundamental Deterioration: If a company’s underlying financials are weakening, for example, declining sales, increasing debt levels, or increased costs of doing business could indicate a problem. It is important to evaluate whether the company’s operational challenges are likely to persist, as this could impact its ability to sustain value.

Industry Decline or Structural Issues: Some companies trade below enterprise value due to broader industry decline or structural issues specific to the company. If the industry’s prospects are exoeriencing prolonged weakening, or the company faces inherent challenges that limit its growth potential, it may be prudent to sell the stock, even if it appears undervalued based on enterprise value alone.

Take Away

Understanding enterprise value and using it while sifting through opportunities could help bring stocks to the surface that one may not have considered.  

Using EV as an evaluation tool is not a slam dunk, if investing was that easy we’d all be wealthier. However it is a good starting point to isolate stocks and then evaluate why they may be trading below EV. Is it warranted, is it unwarranted?

Let Channelchek be your data source for small and microcap stocks, many of which can be found to be trading below enterprise value. Sign-up for a no-cost account and gain access to information to over 6,000 less talked about companies as well as insightful daily emails.

Paul Hoffman

Managing Editor, Channelchek

Sources

https://www.investopedia.com/terms/e/enterprisevalue.asp

The Week Ahead – Debt Ceiling, Beige Book, and Employment

Posted on by phoffman@channelchek.com

The Holiday Shortened Trading Week Started with Positive Market News

It’s a four-day trading week in the US as the calendar changes from May to June. The US stock and bond markets will open on Tuesday knowing a government debt default is now likely averted as President Biden and House Speaker McCarthy reached an agreement Sunday on a deal to raise the nation’s debt ceiling. They have ensured the citizenry they have enough support in Congress to pass the measure this coming week. As far as economic reports, jobs and the labor market will be in the spotlight.

The market is focused on the labor market because Fed policymakers are paying attention to jobs numbers to determine if conditions are so strong they may indicate wage inflation or if they weakened and not strong enough to withstand another rate hike at the June 13-14 FOMC meeting.

Tuesday 5/30

•             9:00 AM ET, FHFA House Price Index. While interest rates have risen, housing prices have been flat to up. Continued demand caused prices to increase by .5% in February, it is expected prices rose again in March by a .3%.

•             10:00 AM ET, the Consumer Confidence index has been sinking and is expected to sink further in May to 100.0 from April’s 101.3. If you recall, April was much weaker than expected, reflecting a sharp decline in job and income expectations.

•             1:00 PM ET, Thomas Barkin is the CEO of the Richmond Federal Reserve district. In light of the PCE inflation indicator late last week and statements by Fed Chair Powell the Friday before, insight into thinking from FOMC members could move market sentiment.

Wednesday 5/31

•             8:50 AM ET, Susan Collins is the CEO of the Richmond Federal Reserve District. Comments by Fed district CEOs may get heightened attention this week as the market looks for clues as to what monetary policy changes may occur from the FOMC meeting in two weeks.

•             9:45 AM ET, The Chicago PMI is expected to fall in May to 47.0 versus 48.6 in April which was the eighth straight month of sub-50 contraction. Above 50 indicates economic expansion, and below 50 reflects a receding economy.

•             10:00 AM ET, Job Openings and Labor Turnover (JOLTS) have been declining. Forecasters put April’s openings at 9.35 million.

•             1:30 PM ET, Patrick Harker is the CEO of the Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia. He will be speaking. 

•             2:00 PM ET, If volatility sets in for the last two hours of trading on Wednesday, it may be because the Fed’s Beige Book is released. This report outlines the economic conditions in each of the Federal Reserve Districts. The FOMC uses the contents as a basis for its decision-making.

•             3:00 PM ET, Farm Prices may not be the most awaited for inflation indicator, but it is important as it is a leading inflation indicator. Agricultural prices for April are expected to have risen by 1.3% month-over-month. These increases will work their way into the Producer Price Index (PPI) and the Consumer Price Index (CPI).

Thursday 6/1

•            8:30 AM ET, Jobless claims for the May 27 week are expected to come in at 235,000 versus 229,000 in the May 20 week, which was lower than expected but followed 248,000 in the prior week.•             

•             8:30 AM ET, Released will be the second estimate for first-quarter Nonfarm Productivity. It is expected to remain the same as the first estimate, at minus 2.7 percent.

•             10:00 AM ET, The Institute for Supply Management (ISM) Manufacturing Index has been contracting over the last six months. May’s consensus is 47.0 versus April’s 47.1.

•             11:00 AM ET, The Energy Information Administration’s weekly update on petroleum inventories in the US is expected to show a decline of 12.5 million barrels.

•             1:00 PM ET, Patrick Harker is the CEO of the Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia. He will be speaking. 

•             4:30 PM ET, The Fed’s Balance Sheet report tells unveils if the Fed has been on track with monetary policy initiatives like quantitative Tightening (QT) and if the troubled bank outlets are getting more or less use. Obviously, this has been getting much more scrutiny by investors.

Friday 6/2

•             8:30 AM ET, The Employment Situation report is supposed to show a 180,000 rise is the call for nonfarm payroll growth in May versus 253,000 in April. Average hourly earnings in May are expected to rise 0.3 percent on the month for a year-over-year rate of 4.4 percent; these would compare with 0.5 and 4.4 percent in April, which were higher than expected. May’s unemployment rate is expected to edge higher to 3.5 percent versus April’s 3.4 percent, which was two-tenths lower than expected.

What Else

Look for a vote on the debt ceiling that is likely to pass both houses of Congress and be signed into law quickly this week.

Artificial intelligence, or AI, has been in the news at an escalating pace. While most agree it can make life better, there are also fears that if not governed, it can cause devastating problems. The White House is asking for input and comments before 5pm July 7. Get more information here.

On Tuesday May 30th and Wednesday May 31st, Tonix Pharmaceutical Holdings will be in South Florida presenting to investors as part of our Meet the Management Series. If you’d like to attend one of these roadshows, presented by Senior Management of Tonix, go here for more information.

Paul Hoffman

Managing Editor, Channelchek

Sources:

https://us.econoday.com/byweek.asp?cust=us

https://www.whitehouse.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/OSTP-Request-for-Information-National-Priorities-for-Artificial-Intelligence.pdf

Noble/Channelchek  “Meet the Management” Roadshow Schedule

News From the Biotech Sector has become Increasingly Rewarding

Posted on by phoffman@channelchek.com

2023 May Be the Year the Biotech Sector Cures Itself of Malaise

A pivotal point for biotech stocks seems to have been reached. It’s almost mid-2023, and barely a week goes by without news driving a biotech company’s stock price upward to gain returns that one would expect to take years to achieve in a broad basket index position. The most recent news causing this price action is yet another clinical-stage therapeutic company. Shares of PDS Biotech are up 27% since yesterday and 41% month-to date. This week’s move is attributable the company reporting positive trial results.

PDS Biotechnology (PDSB) is a clinical-stage immunotherapy company with a developing pipeline of targeted immunotherapies for cancer and infectious disease.

The impetus for the price move was the announcement of interim data from a Phase 2 trial investigating its PDS0101 in combination with Merck’s  KEYTRUDA®. The trials were in patients with unresectable, recurrent or metastatic human papillomavirus head and neck cancers.

The results were quite positive and will be featured in a poster presentation and in a head and neck cancer expert panel discussion at the 2023 American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) Annual Meeting being held June 2-6 in Chicago.

These are highlights of the results showing the interim data of the efficacy of PDS Bio’s PDS0101 in combination with KEYTRUDA®:

The estimated 12-month overall survival rate was 87.1%. Published results are 36-50% with approved ICIs used alone*.

  • Median progression-free survival was 10.4 months (95% CI 4.2, 15.3). Published results are median PFS of 2-3 months for approved ICIs when used as monotherapy in patients with similar PD-L1 levels*.
  • A disease control rate (disease stabilization or tumor shrinkage) of 70.6% (24/34)
  • Confirmed and unconfirmed objective response rate was 41.2% (14/34 patients), which is identical to the preliminary response rate data PDS Biotech previously reported at ASCO 2022 (7/17 patients). To date these responses have been confirmed in nine of the 34 patients (26.5%), including one complete response.
  • 15/34 patients (44.1%) had stable disease.
  • 9/34 patients (26.5%) had progressive disease.
  • 4/48 (8.3%) of patients had a Grade 3 treatment-related adverse event (TRAE). No Grade 4 or higher TRAEs were observed.

A main driver of the stock market enthusiasm can be found in the safety and efficacy results in the interim data. “This data showed an estimated 12-month survival rate of 87% and a progression-free survival of 10.4 months, which is very encouraging given the poor prognosis these patients face,” stated Lauren V. Wood, M.D., PDS Biotech’s Chief Medical Officer and a co-author of the study. “Furthermore, we remain encouraged by the safety profile of PDS0101 in combination with KEYTRUDA®, with only 8% of patients experiencing a Grade 3 treatment-related adverse event without more serious Grade 4 or 5 events. We believe these data are encouraging for HNSCC patients and indicate that the addition of the HPV16-targeted immunotherapy PDS0101 to KEYTRUDA® should be further evaluated for its potential to enhance survival in HPV16-positive head and neck cancer patients.”

To understand the company PDS Biotechnology better, visit the research page on Channelchek, and also review this Channelchek video that shares key information about PDSB.

The Nature of Biotech Investing

Drug discovery and development is a long, uncertain path that often takes 10–15 years, with costs that could exceed $1–2 billion for any new drug ultimately approved for clinical use. Unlike unregulated products, it’s a significant achievement for a candidate to get as far as clinical trials. Attaining interim results showing high efficacy and tolerance is a very positive sign and one that will most often cause a large price jump. Negative results can have the opposite effect.

Events that cause small-cap biotech stocks to experience significant price jumps could include:

  • Positive clinical trial results: As with PDS Biotechnology, when a small-cap biotech company releases positive clinical trial results, it can generate significant investor interest and drive up the stock price.
  • FDA approvals: Taking is a step further, FDA approvals of drugs or medical devices can significantly boost a small-cap biotech company’s stock price, as it can open up a new revenue stream for the company.
  • Partnerships and collaborations: Partnerships and collaborations with larger companies can cause a small-cap biotech stock to rise as it indicates a level of validation for the company’s technology or products, and provide needed funding to bring research and development along the lengthy timeline.
  • Acquisition rumors or deals: When rumors or announcements of an acquisition by a larger company circulate, it can cause a small-cap biotech stock to rise as investors anticipate a potential buyout premium.
  • Analyst upgrades: If an influential analyst upgrades their rating on a small-cap biotech stock, it can increase investor interest and drive up the stock price.

Companies You May Want to Watch

There is data and information on well-over 200 small-cap biotech companies on Channelchek. Below is a select group that investors may want to follow. 

Cocrystal (COCP): Cocrystal Pharma, Inc. is a clinical-stage biotechnology company discovering and developing novel antiviral therapeutics that target the replication process of influenza viruses, coronaviruses, hepatitis C viruses and noroviruses.

Axcella (AXLA): Axcella is a clinical-stage biotechnology company pioneering a new approach to treat complex diseases using endogenous metabolic modulator compositions. The company’s product candidates are comprised of EMMs and derivatives that are engineered in distinct combinations and ratios to reset multiple biological pathways, improve cellular energetics, and restore homeostasis.

Tonix Pharmaceutical (TNXP): Tonix is a clinical-stage biopharmaceutical company focused on discovering, licensing, acquiring and developing therapeutics to treat and prevent human disease and alleviate suffering. Tonix’s portfolio is composed of central nervous system, rare disease, immunology and infectious disease product candidates.

Onconova Therapeutics (ONTX):   Onconova Therapeutics is a clinical-stage biopharmaceutical company focused on discovering and developing novel products for patients with cancer. The Company has proprietary targeted anti-cancer agents designed to disrupt specific cellular pathways that are important for cancer cell proliferation.

MAIA Biotechnology (MAIA):   MAIA is a targeted therapy, immuno-oncology company focused on the development and commercialization of potential first-in-class drugs with novel mechanisms of action that are intended to meaningfully improve and extend the lives of cancer patients.

Ocugen (OCGN): Ocugen, Inc. is a biotechnology company focused on discovering, developing, and commercializing novel gene and cell therapies and vaccines that improve health and offer hope for patients across the globe. The company impacts patient’s lives through innovation that forge new scientific paths.

PDS Biotechnology (PDSB):  This was positive news for PDS Biotech, but there work isn’t finished and they have other immunotherapy products in their pipeline based on proprietary T cell-activating technology.

Take Away

As we approach the halfway point of 2023, biotech stocks that had traded sky-high during the pandemic era had been paid far less attention to since. But the tide appears to be turning as news such as that reported by PDSB, and partnerships and even acquisitions have been on the rise.

It’s an interesting sector that, for better or worse, is barely correlated with the rest of the stock market.

Paul Hoffman

Managing Editor, Channelchek

Sources

PDS Biotechnology Press Release (May 25, 2023)

PDS Biotechnology Video

Young Investor’s Skills are Apparently Well-Suited for Today’s Markets

Posted on by phoffman@channelchek.com

The CFA Institute and FINRA Study on Gen Z Investors Would Put Smiles on Their Parent’s Face

Google’s AI chatbot Bard defines Generation Z, or Gen Z, as “the demographic cohort succeeding Millennials and preceding Generation Alpha.” Broadly, the media use the mid-to-late 1990s as starting birth years and the early 2010s as ending birth years as Gen Z. If one looks at the dates, most had internet in their homes on the day they arrived from the hospital after birth. Technology has advanced since then, and the generation that never knew life without is well-equipped to make it work for them.

Generation Z is considered more proactive about their money than their parents or their parents  parents. A survey by the CFA Institute and FINRA Investor Education Foundation  determined that 60% or 6 out of 10 of the Gen Z population owned at least some investments. Some 41% said they were investing in individual stocks, and 35% in mutual funds. The most popular investment? Crypto.  It was reported that 20% are invested in cryptocurrency and/or non-fungible tokens.

The report clarified that these investors are not yet retirement focused, but instead growing assets to have enough money for traveling or saving for unexpected expenses.

Why Gen Z’s Interest

The FINRA/CFA Institute report gave multiple reasons why young people are getting into investing. These include the ability to learn about investing through social media and other online platforms, the existence of apps that let them invest small amounts, such as through fractional shares, as well as the underlying fear of missing out on a more passive way they could make money.

Top Challenges to Meeting Financial Goals

Source: FINRA Foundation

With many sources easily accessible to this connected generation, Generation Z literally have a world of information in their hand, some of it very good, and some of it is probably worthless or damaging. Social media and internet searches take up the top means of learning about investing for this generation. Still on the subject of learning, they are least likely to talk to a financial professional.

Sources of Information Gen Z Use to Learn About Investing

Source: FINRA Foundation

The FINRA/CFA study drilled down deeper to discover the most popular online sources used by Gen Z  for investor information. The highest on the list is YouTube followed by internet searches. Lowest on this list is Facebook.

Source: FINRA Foundation

Portfolio Size and Nature

The median investor from this generation has an account worth $4,000. The women had smaller accounts averaging $3,000 versus Gen Z men, whose accounts averaged $5,000. 

Investing began very early for some as 25% of Gen Z investors said they began investing before they turned 18. The report indicated that starting at a relatively young age is common in the U.S., Canada, and the U.K.  The technology of today allows investors to start small and trade incrementally, even fractionally. This along with curiosity and comfort with technology, is the driver to the first step.

Source: FINRA Foundation

The report was based on a survey of 2,872 investors and non-investors who were aged 18 to 25, as well as millennial and Generation X investors in the U.S., Canada, U.K., and China.

When first starting out, Gen Z most of these investors (44%) gravitated toward cryptocurrencies, according to the report. The median average they first began investing with is $1,000.

Take Away

The youngest adults are finding themselves motivated to invest, more so than any generation before. The top reason is it is easier for the generation to be involved in the markets. Many trade crypto, and own individual stocks. Video content as well as online searches are the primary sources of investment information.

As an aside, this article prompted me to look at the age demographics provided by Google Analytics for Channelchek. Channelchek provides investor information in both written and video formats. Out of the six age groups that Google tracks, 14% of our site traffic since the beginning of the year is attributable to the Gen Z age group.

Should you have any requests for content, or if you are well-versed in a topic that you think Channelchek readers may benefit from, click my name below to send an email, I’d enjoy speaking with you.

Paul Hoffman

Managing Editor, Channelchek

Sources

CFA/FINRA Report (May 2023)

Bard, from Google AI Provided Minor Cross-reference Information

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Education_of_Generation_Z

Details of the United States Credit Watch and Downgrade Status

Posted on by phoffman@channelchek.com

Fitch Has Placed the United States and Some of its Debt on Credit Watch

What does it mean that rating agency Fitch has put the US debt on credit watch?

According to Fitch Ratings, a rating service that is one of the top three Nationally Recognized Statistical Rating Agencies (NRSRO), has placed the United States AAA Long-Term, Issuer Default Rating (IDR) on rating watch and at risk of a downgrade. The primary reason for the rating agency warning is the apparent standstill of negotiations related to the US borrowing limit along with the approaching day that the US may not be able to refinance the interest portion of approaching US Treasury Bills (T-Bills), US Treasury Notes (T-Notes), and US Treasury Bonds (T-Bonds).

Implications

When a top credit rating agency places a country’s debt on credit watch, it means that the agency is considering lowering that country’s credit rating if conditions remain unchanged or worsen. This would have a number of negative consequences for the country, and could negatively impact those that operate within its economy, this could include:

  • Higher interest rates on government borrowing
  • Higher rates on corporate debt priced off of US Treasuries
  • Higher mortgage rates spread to US Treasuries
  • A decline in the value of the country’s currency
  • Increased difficulty in attracting foreign investment

A downgrade of the US government credit rating below AAA would be a major event with far-reaching consequences above and beyond the immediate impacts bullet-pointed above.

Wording of the Fitch Ratings Warning

Rating agencies like Fitch, Moody’s, and S&P are private companies. Debt issuers pay to have their debt issues rated to provide investors with information and a framework of value. These rating agencies or NRSROs are somewhat akin to providers of equity research to stock market participants via company-sponsored research.

Some of the main categories listed by Fitch titled, KEY RATING DRIVERS, are “Debt Ceiling Brinkmanship”, “Debt Limit Reached”, “X-Date Approaching”, “Debt Default Rating Implication”, “Potential Post Default Ratings”, and “High and Rising Public Debt Burden”.

The concern with debt ceiling brinkmanship according to Fitch is the “increased political partisanship that is hindering reaching a resolution to raise or suspend the debt limit despite the fast-approaching x-date (when the U.S. Treasury exhausts its cash position and capacity for extraordinary measures without incurring new debt).”

Fitch’s warning indicates it still expects a resolution to the debt limit before the x-date. However, it believes risks have risen that the debt limit will not be raised or suspended before the x-date and that the government could begin to miss payments on some of its obligations.

Fitch pointed out that the US reached its $31.4 trillion debt ceiling on Jan. 19, 2023. While the US Treasury has taken what Janet Yellen called “extraordinary measures” she also expects the measures could be exhausted as early as June 1, 2023. The cash balance of the Treasury reached USD76.5 billion as of May 23, and sizeable payments are due June 1-2.

The x-date has been defined as the day the US can’t meet its obligations without borrowing above the current Congressional debt limit. Failure to reach a deal “to raise or suspend the debt limit by the x-date would be a negative signal of the broader governance and willingness of the U.S. to honor its obligations in a timely fashion,” Fitch warned. The rating agency indicated this “would be unlikely to be consistent with a ‘AAA’ rating”   

Fitch also addressed the 14th amendment discussions and other unconventional solutions, “avoiding default by non-conventional means such as minting a trillion-dollar coin or invoking the 14th amendment is unlikely to be consistent with a ‘AAA’ rating and could also be subject to legal challenges,” Fitch advised.

The debt default rating warning comes from basic understanding of the role of a rating agency. However, Fitch did offer an opinion on the likelihood. “We believe that failing to make full and timely payments on debt securities is less likely than reaching the x-date, and is a very low probability event.

If a default did occur, Fitch indicated it would be more than one level adjustment to some debt affected. Fitch’s sovereign rating criteria would lead it to downgrade the sovereign rating (IDR) to Restricted Default (RD). Actual affected securities would be downgraded to ‘D’. Additionally, other LT debt securities with payments due within 30 days could be expected to be downgraded to ‘CCC’, and ST T-Bills maturing within the following 30 days could be expected to be downgraded to ‘C’.

“Other debt securities with payments due beyond 30 days would likely be downgraded to the expected post-default rating of the IDR,” Fitch wrote.

The US has a high and rising public debt burden, according to the rating agency. It points out that government debt fell to 112.5% of GDP at year-end 2022 (compared to 36.1% for the ‘AAA’ median). It peaked during the pandemic at 122.3%. Fitch forecasts debt to increase to 117% by end-2024. Debt dynamics under the baseline Congressional Budget Office (CBO) assumptions project that the ratio of federal debt held by the public to GDP will approach 119% within a decade under the current policy setting, a rise of over 20 pp. Fitch also recognizes the added cost of financing, adding, “interest rates have risen significantly over the last year with the 10-year Treasury yield at close to 3.7% (compared to 2.8% a year ago).”

Take Away

The decision to put a country’s debt on credit watch is not made lightly. One company announcement such as this can have an impact felt across the globe. It’s important for them to get this right. NRSROs typically would only put a sovereign nation, especially the US, where its debt is often called “the risk free rate,” and the US dollar serves as fiat currency. Firch did this because they view it as responsible and in line with what securities analysts and the rating services they work for are expected to watch out for.

In the current case of the United States debt ratings, the main concern is the political gridlock in Washington, which has made it difficult to reach an agreement on raising the debt ceiling. If the debt ceiling is not raised, the United States will eventually run out of money to pay its bills, which would trigger a default. Fitch would be embarrassed (and arguably irresponsible) if they maintained a AAA rating just one week before the US Treasury Secretary indicated the nation couldn’t roll its debt.

Paul Hoffman

Managing Editor, Channelchek

Sources

https://www.fitchratings.com/research/sovereigns/fitch-places-united-states-aaa-on-rating-watch-negative-24-05-2023

Solid Evidence a Recession is Unlikely this Year

Posted on by phoffman@channelchek.com

Reliable Data, Not Emotions, are Pointing to a Growing U.S. Economy

In roughly one month, we will be halfway through 2023. While many point to the Fed’s pace of tightening and the downward sloping yield curve, as a reason to run around like Chicken Little warning of a coming recession, a fresh read of the economic tea leaves tells a different story. Just today, May 23, the PMI Output Index (PMI) rose to its highest reading in over a year. Home sales figures were also reported to show that new homes in May sold at the highest rate in over a year. These are both reliable leading indicators that point to growth in both services and manufacturing.

U.S. Composite PMI Output Index

Business activity in the U.S. increased to a 13-month high in May due in large part to strong growth in the services sector. This is a reliable indication that economic expansion has growing momentum. Despite the negative talk of those that are concerned that the Fed has lifted interest rates closer to historical norms and that the yield curve is still inverted, in part due to Covid era Fed yield-curve-control, the numbers suggest less caution might be warranted.

S&P Global said on Tuesday (May 23) its flash U.S. Composite PMI Output Index, which tracks the manufacturing and services sectors, rose to a reading of 54.5 this month. It indicates the highest level since April 2022 and is up from a reading of 53.4 in April. A reading above 50 indicates growth, this is the fourth consecutive month it has been above 50. The consensus among economists was only 52.6.

Home Sales

One sector that is directly impacted by interest rates is real estate. However, new home sales rose in April, this is a clear sign that prospective buyers are making deals with builders.

New homes in April were sold at a seasonally-adjusted annual rate of 683,000, Its the highest rate since March 2022. The April data represents a 4.1% gain from March’s revised rate of 656,000,. The report was from the Census and Department of Housing and Urban Development and was reported Tuesday May 23. Economists had expected new home sales to decline to 670,000 from a March rate of 683,000. It was the largest month-over-month increase since December 2022.

Leading Indicators

PMI is forward-looking as it surveys purchasing managers’ expectations and intentions for the coming months. By capturing their sentiment on future orders, production plans, and hiring intentions, PMI offers insights into economic trends that have yet to be reflected in other after-the-fact indicators.

Home sales are considered a leading indicator because they can serve as a measure of other needs and broader economic trends. Home sales have a significant impact on related sectors, such as construction, home improvement, finance, and consumer spending. Changes in home sales can influence economic activity and indicate shifts in consumer confidence, employment levels, and overall economic health.

While many economic reports offer rear-view mirror data, these reports are true indicators of business behavior as it plans for future expectations, and consumer behavior as it is confident that it will have the resources available to purchase and outfit a new home.

The upbeat reports prompted the Atlanta Federal Reserve to raise its second-quarter gross domestic product estimate to a 2.9% annualized rate from a 2.6% pace. The economy grew at a 1.1% rate in the first quarter.

Take Away

Many economists are negative about the economic outlook later this year. Market participants have been positioning themselves with the notion that there may be a late year recession. Is the notion misguided? Recent data suggests there may be buying opportunities for those willing to go against the tide of pundits preaching recession.

No one has a crystal ball. In good markets and bad, there is no replacement for good research before you put on a position, and then for as long as the position remains in your portfolio.

Channelchek is a great resource for information to follow the companies not likely being reported in traditional outlets. Turn to this online free resource as you evaluate small and microcap stocks.

Paul Hoffman

Managing Editor, Channelchek

Sources

World Economic Outlook

Barron’s (May 23, 2023)

Reuters (May 23, 2023)

We May Soon Know if Yellen’s “Extraordinary Measures” are Extraordinary Enough

Posted on by phoffman@channelchek.com

The Pace of the U.S. Treasury Burn Rate Toward a $0.00 Balance

The US Treasury Department is nearing its last ounce of blood as it has been bleeding operating funds. All parties know that the debt ceiling has to be raised if the country is to avoid a financial catastrophe. Still, an impasse on debt ceiling negotiations continues. While the House of Representatives has passed a borrowing cap plan, it is not expected that the Senate would agree on the spending reductions, and President Biden made clear he would not sign it.

The markets, of course, have been paying attention, but for the most part, they have chosen to ignore the drama. Anyone that has been involved in the markets for a few years knows that in the past, there have been stop-gap measures or 11th hour decisions that have avoided a US debt default.

It is Getting Close

The US Treasury reported last Thursday that it had $57.3 billion in cash on hand. As with any ongoing entity, each week, it receives revenue and pays expenses. So the daily balance runoff fluctuates by different amounts each day. A snapshot is reported each Thursday along with other US financial data. The current pace, while not a precise rate to gauge the net burn rate, is useful.

The operating balance used to pay our bills as a nation has declined from $238.5 billion at the start of May, when tax collections helped boost balances. That’s a $181.2 billion decline over 18 days, or $10 billion per day. If the pace holds, the United States balance sheet reaches zero before the June 1 date previously estimated by US Treasury Secretary Janet Yellen.

Image: @GRDector (Twitter)

How are Officials Reacting?

The US reached its Congressionally imposed borrowing cap in January. Since then, there has been a cutting back on spending, as had been announced in January by Janet Yellen. The Treasury has since been operating under an “Extraordinary Measures” plan, reducing less than critical spending to pay obligations that can not be ignored without great consequence. This bandaid approach will go on and, at this point, can only be “fixed” if the debt ceiling is raised once again by Congress.

Treasury Secretary Janet Yellen has been clear in warning lawmakers that the Treasury’s ability to avoid default could end as soon as June 1. The nation has to increase its ability to legally borrow to make its payments while its obligations exceed its revenue.

Averting a June Crisis Without Congress

While most US citizens are aware of the mid-April individual tax date, corporate tax dates are quarterly. The next time most corporations pay their estimated taxes is June 15th. If Secretary Yellen can squeeze the Treasury balances until June 15th, she will no longer be driving on fumes – instead, she will have added a little more gas, not enough to get her to the next corporate tax date.  

Another thought depends on one’s interpretation of the 14th Amendment. This amendment of the US Constitution contains several provisions, one of which is Section 4. This section states that “the validity of the public debt of the United States, authorized by law… shall not be questioned.” While the exact interpretation of this provision is a matter of legal debate, it has been suggested that it could potentially provide a legal basis for the government to continue meeting its financial obligations, even if the debt ceiling is reached.

Some argue that the 14th Amendment could empower the President to bypass the debt ceiling and ensure that the government continues to pay its debts on time, based on the principle that the United States must honor its financial obligations.

Source: US Treasury (May 18, 2023)

Stalled Talks

Although the date of $zero balance is not far off if the President and Senate doesn’t agree to the House plan, or if the House is inflexible, negotiations have moved in fits and starts with Congressional leaders meeting on and off with each other and with the Executive branch.  

If the nation does default, it will unleash global economic and financial upheaval. The full consequences are not known since it’s never happened before. Those likely to see funds come to a crawl or be turned off are:

  • Interest on the debt: While the debt itself would continue to be serviced, a stringent austerity plan could potentially result in reduced payments towards interest on the national debt.
  • Government programs and agencies: Funding for discretionary programs, such as infrastructure projects, education initiatives, environmental programs, or research grants, could be reduced or eliminated.
  • Social welfare programs: Payments for social welfare programs, such as unemployment benefits, food assistance, housing subsidies, or healthcare subsidies, may be reduced or scaled back.
  • Defense spending: Military expenditures and defense contracts may face cuts, impacting payments to defense contractors and the procurement of military equipment and services.
  • Government salaries and benefits: Austerity measures could involve salary freezes, reductions, or furloughs for government employees, including civil servants, military personnel, or elected officials.
  • Infrastructure projects: Funding for infrastructure development and maintenance, including transportation systems, highways, bridges, and public facilities, may face reductions or delays.
  • Grants to states and local governments: Payments to states and local governments for various programs, such as education, healthcare, or community development, could be reduced.

The above are not set in stone, it’s important to note that the specific impacts of an austerity plan would depend on the policies and priorities set by the government, and different austerity measures are also a matter of negotiation.

While Yellen, the Congressional Budget Office, and multiple other forecasters think the $Zero date is likely during the first two weeks of June, it’s possible that the Treasury will have enough funds to carry it through the middle of the month, which would add more time.

However, as it looks now, the US Government is running on fumes; in the past, it has not allowed itself to completely run out of gas. If today’s situation follows past history, the markets will get scared a few more times before the US leaders agree and the country is back to business as usual.

Paul Hoffman

Managing Editor, Channelchek

Sources

https://fiscaldata.treasury.gov/datasets/daily-treasury-statement/operating-cash-balance

https://home.treasury.gov/news/press-releases/jy1483