Tokens.com Corp. (SMURF) – A First Look into the Second Quarter


Friday, May 12, 2023

Tokens.com Corp is a publicly traded company that invests in Web3 assets and businesses focused on the Metaverse, NFTs, DeFi, and gaming based digital assets. Tokens.com is the majority owner of Metaverse Group, one of the world’s first virtual real estate companies. Hulk Labs, a wholly-owned Tokens.com subsidiary, focuses on investing in play-to-earn revenue generating gaming tokens and NFTs. Additionally, Tokens.com owns and stakes crypto assets to earn additional tokens. Through its growing digital assets and NFTs, Tokens.com provides public market investors with a simple and secure way to gain exposure to Web3.

Joe Gomes, Managing Director, Equity Research Analyst, Generalist , Noble Capital Markets, Inc.

Joshua Zoepfel, Research Associate, Noble Capital Markets, Inc.

Refer to the full report for the price target, fundamental analysis, and rating.

Results. Tokens.com reported revenue of $303,217 compared to $326,320 in the prior year. Driven by a $2.6 million digital asset revaluation gain, operating income was $1.9 million compared to a loss of $3.2 million last year. Net income for the quarter was $1.7 million, or diluted EPS of $0.02, compared to $7.8 million, or $0.07. We estimated revenue of $115,000, operating loss of $482,000, and breakeven EPS.

Macro Environment. Tokens.com noted that the ETH Shapella upgrade showed an increase in staking activity, which results in lower yields but is countered with the increase in crypto prices over the last few months. We expect that staking revenue will remain volatile for Tokens.com’s ETH and DOT but will have increases quarter-over-quarter, assuming prices stay level or increase.


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*Analyst certification and important disclosures included in the full report. NOTE: investment decisions should not be based upon the content of this research summary. Proper due diligence is required before making any investment decision. 

Tokens.com Corp. (SMURF) – Step Towards Full Ownership of Metaverse Group


Wednesday, April 19, 2023

Tokens.com Corp is a publicly traded company that invests in Web3 assets and businesses focused on the Metaverse, NFTs, DeFi, and gaming based digital assets. Tokens.com is the majority owner of Metaverse Group, one of the world’s first virtual real estate companies. Hulk Labs, a wholly-owned Tokens.com subsidiary, focuses on investing in play-to-earn revenue generating gaming tokens and NFTs. Additionally, Tokens.com owns and stakes crypto assets to earn additional tokens. Through its growing digital assets and NFTs, Tokens.com provides public market investors with a simple and secure way to gain exposure to Web3.

Joe Gomes, Managing Director – Generalist Analyst, Noble Capital Markets, Inc.

Joshua Zoepfel, Research Associate, Noble Capital Markets, Inc.

Refer to the full report for the price target, fundamental analysis, and rating.

An Offer. Yesterday, Tokens.com announced an agreement with the Board of Directors of Metaverse Group to acquire all issued and outstanding shares that Tokens.com does not already own. Currently, the Company owns roughly 55.2% of Metaverse Group, or 50.2% on a diluted basis, and Tokens.com will issue 24.38 million common shares for the acquisition, if approved, equal to approximately USD$3.5 million as of yesterday’s closing price.

The Offer Continued. Each minority Metaverse Group shareholder will receive approximately 0.34 Tokens.com shares per Metaverse Group share. The offer is pending approval of Metaverse Group shareholders and a meeting will take place on April 26th, 2023, as well as approval by the NEO Exchange, and is expected to close in May 2023. We expect the offer will be approved by the shareholders and the exchange.


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Equity Research is available at no cost to Registered users of Channelchek. Not a Member? Click ‘Join’ to join the Channelchek Community. There is no cost to register, and we never collect credit card information.

This Company Sponsored Research is provided by Noble Capital Markets, Inc., a FINRA and S.E.C. registered broker-dealer (B/D).

*Analyst certification and important disclosures included in the full report. NOTE: investment decisions should not be based upon the content of this research summary. Proper due diligence is required before making any investment decision. 

Tokens.com Corp. (SMURF) – Riding It Out


Thursday, February 16, 2023

Tokens.com Corp is a publicly traded company that invests in Web3 assets and businesses focused on the Metaverse, NFTs, DeFi, and gaming based digital assets. Tokens.com is the majority owner of Metaverse Group, one of the world’s first virtual real estate companies. Hulk Labs, a wholly-owned Tokens.com subsidiary, focuses on investing in play-to-earn revenue generating gaming tokens and NFTs. Additionally, Tokens.com owns and stakes crypto assets to earn additional tokens. Through its growing digital assets and NFTs, Tokens.com provides public market investors with a simple and secure way to gain exposure to Web3.

Joe Gomes, Managing Director – Generalist Analyst, Noble Capital Markets, Inc.

Joshua Zoepfel, Research Associate, Noble Capital Markets, Inc.

Refer to the full report for the price target, fundamental analysis, and rating.

First Quarter Results. Total revenue for the quarter was at $151,848, an increase from the prior quarter of $101,235. We will be comparing quarters as Tokens.com has two new revenue streams, leasing and gaming revenue, which both did not occur last year. We estimated revenue at $105,000. Operating loss for Tokens.com was $566,525 versus $879,430 last quarter, and net loss was at $1.7 million, or EPS loss of $0.02, versus the prior quarter loss of $1.8 million, or a $0.02/sh loss.

Market Appreciation. The overall cryptocurrency market has seen an increase in total market cap over the last three months, as total market cap has risen to $1.05 trillion from $843.3 billion on November 15, 2022. This is an increase of $206.1 billion or 24.4%. If sustained, the rebound in the cryptocurrency market will be a positive for Tokens.com, in our view.


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Equity Research is available at no cost to Registered users of Channelchek. Not a Member? Click ‘Join’ to join the Channelchek Community. There is no cost to register, and we never collect credit card information.

This Company Sponsored Research is provided by Noble Capital Markets, Inc., a FINRA and S.E.C. registered broker-dealer (B/D).

*Analyst certification and important disclosures included in the full report. NOTE: investment decisions should not be based upon the content of this research summary. Proper due diligence is required before making any investment decision. 

Tokens.com Corp. (SMURF) – Touched by Genesis


Tuesday, January 24, 2023

Tokens.com Corp is a publicly traded company that invests in Web3 assets and businesses focused on the Metaverse, NFTs, DeFi, and gaming based digital assets. Tokens.com is the majority owner of Metaverse Group, one of the world’s first virtual real estate companies. Hulk Labs, a wholly-owned Tokens.com subsidiary, focuses on investing in play-to-earn revenue generating gaming tokens and NFTs. Additionally, Tokens.com owns and stakes crypto assets to earn additional tokens. Through its growing digital assets and NFTs, Tokens.com provides public market investors with a simple and secure way to gain exposure to Web3.

Joe Gomes, Managing Director – Generalist Analyst, Noble Capital Markets, Inc.

Joshua Zoepfel, Research Associate, Noble Capital Markets, Inc.

Refer to the full report for the price target, fundamental analysis, and rating.

Genesis Global. In a recurring theme in the crypto space lately, last week Genesis Global Holdco LLC, the holding company of troubled cryptocurrency lender Genesis Global Capital, filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection. Notably, in its filing, Genesis Global Capital said it expects that through the restructuring process, there will be money left over to pay unsecured creditors.

Tokens.com Impact. Tokens.com has an open loan facility with Genesis, for which the Company is required to post collateral in token assets. Based on the closing price on January 19, 2023, this collateral was worth US$749,000. Tokens.com has a loan outstanding against this collateral of US$138,000. The difference between the collateral and the loan value represents approximately 3.1% of Tokens.com’s total assets of US$20.0 million as at September 30, 2022. Tokens.com has requested to have its collateral returned and repay the loan outstanding in full.


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Equity Research is available at no cost to Registered users of Channelchek. Not a Member? Click ‘Join’ to join the Channelchek Community. There is no cost to register, and we never collect credit card information.

This Company Sponsored Research is provided by Noble Capital Markets, Inc., a FINRA and S.E.C. registered broker-dealer (B/D).

*Analyst certification and important disclosures included in the full report. NOTE: investment decisions should not be based upon the content of this research summary. Proper due diligence is required before making any investment decision. 

Tokens.com Corp. (SMURF) – An Acquisition for the New Year


Wednesday, January 04, 2023

Tokens.com Corp is a publicly traded company that invests in Web3 assets and businesses focused on the Metaverse, NFTs, DeFi, and gaming based digital assets. Tokens.com is the majority owner of Metaverse Group, one of the world’s first virtual real estate companies. Hulk Labs, a wholly-owned Tokens.com subsidiary, focuses on investing in play-to-earn revenue generating gaming tokens and NFTs. Additionally, Tokens.com owns and stakes crypto assets to earn additional tokens. Through its growing digital assets and NFTs, Tokens.com provides public market investors with a simple and secure way to gain exposure to Web3.

Joe Gomes, Senior Research Analyst, Noble Capital Markets, Inc.

Joshua Zoepfel, Research Associate, Noble Capital Markets, Inc.

Refer to the full report for the price target, fundamental analysis, and rating.

A New Acquisition. Yesterday, Tokens.com’s subsidiary Metaverse Group announced the acquisition of CocoNFT. As part of the acquisition, Coco’s co-founders Mark Allen and Brody Berson will be joining the Metaverse Group as Chief Technology Officer and Chief Product Officer respectively and will be focused with building further tools and products for both NFT and virtual world applications. No financial details were given for the transaction. 

Detail on CocoNFT. CocoNFT is a software platform that allows users to connect their Instagram to mint NFTs, leveraging the blockchain and a web3 wallet. In acquiring the company, Metaverse Group will work to advance Coco’s technology offering and integrate the products with its virtual world B2B offerings. The acquisition will leverage Coco’s strategic partnerships in Opensea and Rarible and online communities with over 45,000 followers across TikTok and Twitter.


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Equity Research is available at no cost to Registered users of Channelchek. Not a Member? Click ‘Join’ to join the Channelchek Community. There is no cost to register, and we never collect credit card information.

This Company Sponsored Research is provided by Noble Capital Markets, Inc., a FINRA and S.E.C. registered broker-dealer (B/D).

*Analyst certification and important disclosures included in the full report. NOTE: investment decisions should not be based upon the content of this research summary. Proper due diligence is required before making any investment decision. 

Tokens.com Corp. (SMURF) – Where Do We Go From Here?


Tuesday, January 03, 2023

Tokens.com Corp is a publicly traded company that invests in Web3 assets and businesses focused on the Metaverse, NFTs, DeFi, and gaming based digital assets. Tokens.com is the majority owner of Metaverse Group, one of the world’s first virtual real estate companies. Hulk Labs, a wholly-owned Tokens.com subsidiary, focuses on investing in play-to-earn revenue generating gaming tokens and NFTs. Additionally, Tokens.com owns and stakes crypto assets to earn additional tokens. Through its growing digital assets and NFTs, Tokens.com provides public market investors with a simple and secure way to gain exposure to Web3.

Joe Gomes, Senior Research Analyst, Noble Capital Markets, Inc.

Joshua Zoepfel, Research Associate, Noble Capital Markets, Inc.

Refer to the full report for the price target, fundamental analysis, and rating.

Third Quarter Results. Third quarter revenue totaled $101,235, down from $448,976 in the same period last year, as staking revenue dropped to $53,972 from $417,572 last year. On the positive side, Tokens.com reported two new revenue streams-leasing and gaming. Leasing revenue totaled $49,871 while gaming contributed $4,892. Operating loss was at $879.430 versus last year’s $167,331. Net loss for the Company was $1.8 million, or a loss of $0.02 per share versus net income of $4.1 million, or $0.05 per share.

Truncated Full Year Results. As the Company has switched its year-end to September 30 from December 31, Tokens also reported truncated full year results. For the nine months, revenue totaled $678,269 compared to $1.08 million in the same period last year. Operating loss was $2.0 million compared to $5.2 million. Net loss was $5.9 million, or a loss of $0.06 per share, compared to a net loss of $8.3 million, or a net loss of $0.12 per share last year.


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Equity Research is available at no cost to Registered users of Channelchek. Not a Member? Click ‘Join’ to join the Channelchek Community. There is no cost to register, and we never collect credit card information.

This Company Sponsored Research is provided by Noble Capital Markets, Inc., a FINRA and S.E.C. registered broker-dealer (B/D).

*Analyst certification and important disclosures included in the full report. NOTE: investment decisions should not be based upon the content of this research summary. Proper due diligence is required before making any investment decision. 

Tokens.com Corp. (SMURF) – Selling Some Coin


Tuesday, December 13, 2022

Tokens.com Corp is a publicly traded company that invests in Web3 assets and businesses focused on the Metaverse, NFTs, DeFi, and gaming based digital assets. Tokens.com is the majority owner of Metaverse Group, one of the world’s first virtual real estate companies. Hulk Labs, a wholly-owned Tokens.com subsidiary, focuses on investing in play-to-earn revenue generating gaming tokens and NFTs. Additionally, Tokens.com owns and stakes crypto assets to earn additional tokens. Through its growing digital assets and NFTs, Tokens.com provides public market investors with a simple and secure way to gain exposure to Web3.

Joe Gomes, Senior Research Analyst, Noble Capital Markets, Inc.

Joshua Zoepfel, Research Associate, Noble Capital Markets, Inc.

Refer to the full report for the price target, fundamental analysis, and rating.

Getting More Cash. Last week, Tokens.com announced the selling of some of the Company’s cryptocurrency inventory in favor of holding cash. This is due to the current volatile environment recently highlighted by the fall of FTX and BlockFi. We believe the selling of cryptocurrency will allow the Company to ride out the volatility of the market and allow the Company to be strategic in future coin purchases.

What Was Sold and Impact. In regards to what was sold from Tokens.com, the Company sold some of the staking rewards generated this year and its smaller non-core holdings of Oasis Rose, ANKR, Mana, and SHIB. The total gross proceeds of the sales is approximately CAD$1.4 million. The Company will now own less Layer 2 assets, although it will continue to focus on holding Layer 1 digital assets including Ethereum and Polkadot.


Get the Full Report

Equity Research is available at no cost to Registered users of Channelchek. Not a Member? Click ‘Join’ to join the Channelchek Community. There is no cost to register, and we never collect credit card information.

This Company Sponsored Research is provided by Noble Capital Markets, Inc., a FINRA and S.E.C. registered broker-dealer (B/D).

*Analyst certification and important disclosures included in the full report. NOTE: investment decisions should not be based upon the content of this research summary. Proper due diligence is required before making any investment decision. 

Tokens.com Corp. (SMURF) – An Operational Update


Wednesday, November 02, 2022

Tokens.com Corp is a publicly traded company that invests in Web3 assets and businesses focused on the Metaverse, NFTs, DeFi, and gaming based digital assets. Tokens.com is the majority owner of Metaverse Group, one of the world’s first virtual real estate companies. Hulk Labs, a wholly-owned Tokens.com subsidiary, focuses on investing in play-to-earn revenue generating gaming tokens and NFTs. Additionally, Tokens.com owns and stakes crypto assets to earn additional tokens. Through its growing digital assets and NFTs, Tokens.com provides public market investors with a simple and secure way to gain exposure to Web3.

Joe Gomes, Senior Research Analyst, Noble Capital Markets, Inc.

Joshua Zoepfel, Research Associate, Noble Capital Markets, Inc.

Refer to the full report for the price target, fundamental analysis, and rating.

Providing an Update. Tokens.com issued a press release yesterday that highlighted the Company’s operations in its three different operations: staking, Metaverse, and crypto gaming. Along with the Company’s main operations, Tokens.com included updates on the domain names the Company currently owns and the current capitalization structure. We expect the Company to release its year-end financial results for the nine months ended in mid-December.

Staking. Management showed the current portfolio of coins the Company has, in which very slight changes occurred from the end of the last quarter ended June 30, 2022. Coins such as Ethereum were sold (from 3,499 to 3,206) although coins like ANKR (from 3.01 million to 3.02 million) and ROSE (6.99 million to 7.23 million) were earned or purchased. Although not many changes have been made in the portfolio since the last quarter, we would not be surprised if the Company were to sell or buy coins for the portfolio during the volatile market.


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This Company Sponsored Research is provided by Noble Capital Markets, Inc., a FINRA and S.E.C. registered broker-dealer (B/D).

*Analyst certification and important disclosures included in the full report. NOTE: investment decisions should not be based upon the content of this research summary. Proper due diligence is required before making any investment decision. 

Michael Burry Wonders Aloud if Facebook Knows What It Wants to Be

Image Credit: Marco Verch (Flickr)  

Is Meta the Wrong Path for Facebook, or is it Just Ahead of its Time?

Not all ideas are good ideas, even when they come from billionaire tech start-up founders like Mark Zuckerberg.

Michael Burry, the legendary investor of “Big Short” fame, has been criticizing the social media giant’s metaverse strategy. Burry joins others in questioning why Zuck would change the Facebook formula and spend billions embracing something that is far from real. Many of Zuckerberg’s critics are other successful billionaires like Elon Musk and Mark Cuban. Other critics are investors that have endured Meta share’s 62.3% ($570 billion) decline since January.  

Burry founded and manages the hedge fund Scion Asset Management. Burry tweeted a message that seems to say Meta management blew it – and suggests they have blown it by historic proportions by taking a deep dive into something that may or may not have legs – the metaverse.

Image: @BurryDeleted (Twitter)

You don’t have to have been alive in the mid-1980s to know what Burry was saying when he posted, “Seems Meta has a New Coke problem.” Any business school textbook lists Coca-Cola’s changing the formula of its best-selling product as the #1 lesson in corporate blunders. It was an expensive change that failed miserably and caused the company to revert back to its original product or risk losing a lot more ground against rivals.

A Sweet Refresher

New Coke was a much sweeter version of the Coca-Cola people had become accustomed to using to wash down their pizza slices, or a burger and fries. It was introduced by Coca-Cola in April 1985 during the cola war Pepsi was waging.

At the time Coca Cola was perhaps one of the most recognized brands in the world. But, Pepsi stole customers after it ran a few Michael Jackson commercials suggesting its sugar water was the “choice of a new generation,” and also backed it up with ads showing blind taste test preferences. Between the taste test science and everyone wanting to be more like Michael Jackson, Coke lost market share. Coke reacted by reformulating its product and did its own blind side-by-side tests that indicated that consumers seemed to prefer the new sweeter taste, similar to Pepsi. The company then decided to market the reformulated recipe – New Coke was born.

Max Headroom was the spokesman for New Coke, Like the Grand Canyon (Flickr)

New Coke was introduced in April 1985, and within weeks they were receiving 5,000 angry calls a day. The number grew from there. Seventy-nine days after their initial announcement, Coca-Cola held a press conference in July 1985 to offer a mea culpa and announce the return of the original Coca-Cola “classic” formula.

Will Zuckerberg Relent?

So far, Facebook, I mean Meta, still wants to identify as a metaverse company, despite there being very few metaverse customers. The company is making sure users have accessories available and just unveiled a new virtual reality headset selling for $1,500 called the Meta Quest Pro. Zuckerberg says lower priced, presumably not “pro,” will follow ($300-$500 zone).

When one has built a business from a college dorm, a garage, or their mother’s basement, and it attains the kind of growth that Facebook, Apple, Amazon, or others have, it’s hard to keep growing at the pace investors and other onlookers have become accustomed to. This leads to a scenario where investors are exposed to a risk best described as the bigger they are, the farther they have to fall.  

And Facebook has fallen, not just in dollar value, but in ranking among its peers. Does this mean Zuckerberg is not right? The game isn’t over, and there aren’t many of us that can say, with honesty, that we are more forward-looking or have more luck than Zuck.

Is Michael Burry Right?

There is a whole universe of stocks beyond metaverse investments. Huge successful companies like Facebook or even Coca-Cola have ample resources to build and grow but lose nimbleness and growth potential, unlike the potential smaller companies enjoy. Huge companies are also more likely to have a “say yes to the boss, and you’ll be rewarded” culture, rather than a small company culture which is more “show the boss you can make them money, and you’ll be rewarded” culture.

Zuckerberg and Meta may very well be moving forward with a mistake that could be enshrined in textbooks years from now. However, like Coke, they may find that if it’s a lemon, they can make lemonade. Coca-Cola emerged from the brief departure from their main product strengthened as consumers discovered what life was like without their favorite soft drink.

Take Away

Michael Burry is worth paying attention to. He thinks differently and has been correct enough to always listen. The metaverse is new; does this mean it won’t grow and become something only a visionary like Mark Zuckerberg can imagine? It has been an expensive and slow start. I suspect Facebook was much less expensive to get off the ground, and adoption also required ancillary products to be useable by the masses.

A lesson investors should remember from this is how difficult it is for large companies to grow from their current offerings and huge corporate base.

Channelchek is a platform created to help investors uncover the next Apple, the next Moderna, or the next Facebook. It’s a resource to dig deeper into these less celebrated fledgling opportunities and to leave investors with enough understanding to decide whether they should take their own action by buying stock and becoming an owner of something with greater than average potential.

Paul Hoffman

Managing Editor, Channelchek  

Sources

https://www.history.com/news/why-coca-cola-new-coke-flopped

https://www.thestreet.com/technology/big-short-burry-says-facebook-and-zuckerberg-are-in-big-trouble

https://www.nytimes.com/2022/10/09/technology/meta-zuckerberg-metaverse.html

Proof-of-Stake Vs. Proof-of-Work

Image Credit: QuoteInspector.com (Flickr)

What is Proof-of-Stake? A Computer Scientist Explains a New Way to Make Cryptocurrencies, NFTs and Metaverse Transactions

Proof-of-stake is a mechanism for achieving consensus on a blockchain. Blockchain is a technology that records transactions that can’t be deleted or altered. It’s a decentralized database, or ledger, that is under no one person or organization’s control. Since no one controls the database, consensus mechanisms, such as proof-of-stake, are needed to coordinate the operation of blockchain-based systems.

While Bitcoin popularized the technology, blockchain is now a part of many different systems, enabling interesting applications such as decentralized finance platforms and non-fungible tokens, or NFTs.

The first widely commercialized blockchain consensus mechanism was proof-of-work, which enables users to reach consensus by solving complex mathematical problems. For solving these problems, users are commonly provided stake in the system. This process, dubbed mining, requires large amounts of computing power. Proof-of-stake is an alternative that consumes far less energy.

At its core, blockchain technology provides three important properties:

Decentralized governance and operation – the people using the system get to collectively decide how to govern and operate the system.

Verifiable state – anyone using the system can validate the correctness of the system, with each user being able to ensure that the system is currently working as expected and has been since its inception.

Resilience to data loss – even if some users lose their copy of system data, whether through negligence or cyberattack, that data can be recovered from other users in a verifiable manner.

The first property, decentralized governance and operation, is the property that controls how much energy is needed to run a blockchain system.

Voting in Blockchain Systems

Blockchain systems use voting to decentralize governance and operation. While the exact mechanisms for how voting and consensus are achieved differ in each blockchain system, at a high level, blockchain systems allow each user to vote on how the system should work, and whether any given operation – accepting a new block into the chain, for example – should be approved.

Traditionally, voting requires that the identity of the people casting ballots can be known and verified to ensure that only eligible people vote and do so only once. Some blockchain systems allow users to present a digital ID to prove their identity, enabling voting with negligible energy usage.

However, in most blockchain systems, users are anonymous and have no digital ID that can prove their identity. What, then, stops an individual from pretending to be many individuals and casting many votes? There are several different approaches, but the most used is proof-of-work.

In proof-of-work, users get votes based on the amount of computational power they have in proportion to other users. They demonstrate their ownership of this computational power by solving difficult mathematical problems. If one user can solve twice as many problems as another user, they have twice the computational power as other users and get twice as many votes.

However, solving these mathematical problems is extremely energy intensive, leading to complaints that proof-of-work is not sustainable.

Proof-of-Stake

To address the energy consumption of proof-of-work, another way to validate users is needed. Proof-of-stake is one such method. In proof-of-stake, users validate their identities by demonstrating ownership of some asset on the blockchain. For example, in Bitcoin, this would be ownership of bitcoins, and in Ethereum, it is ownership of Ether.

Though this does require users to temporarily lock their assets in the blockchain for a period of time, it is far more efficient because it requires negligible energy expenditure. By the company’s estimation, moving from proof-of-work to proof-of-stake will reduce Ethereum’s energy consumption by 99.95%.

Ethereum’s ‘Merge’

This improved energy efficiency is why many blockchain systems intend to transition away from proof-of-work to proof-of-stake. Ethereum plans to make this change during the week of Sept. 15, 2022. This is known as the Merge. During this merge, operations will shift from being voted on using proof-of-work to being voted on using proof-of-stake. At the completion of the merge, only proof-of-stake will be used to vote on transactions.

The hope is that this will set up Ethereum to be sustainable for the foreseeable future.

This article was republished  with permission from  The Conversation, a news site dedicated to sharing ideas from academic experts. It represents the research-based findings and thoughts of Scott Ruoti, Assistant Professor of Computer Science, University of Tennessee