Tag: Inflation

Investors Await Powell’s Speech for Cues on Future Rate Hikes

Posted on by slightbourne@noblecapitalmarkets.com

Federal Reserve Chair Jerome Powell is set to deliver a closely watched speech on Thursday before the Economic Club of New York that could offer critical guidance on the future path of monetary policy.

Markets are looking for clarity from Powell on how the Fed plans to balance improving inflation data against surging Treasury yields and risks of recession. His remarks come at a precarious time – inflation shows early signs of easing but remains well above the Fed’s 2% target, while rapidly rising interest rates threaten to slow economic growth.

Powell faces the tricky task of conveying that the Fed remains vigilant in combating inflation while avoiding cementing expectations for further aggressive rate hikes that could hammer markets.

“Powell has to present himself to investors as the dispassionate neutral leader and allow others to be more aggressive,” said Jeffrey Roach, chief economist at LPL Financial. “They’re not going to declare victory, and that is one reason why Powell is going to continue to talk somewhat hawkish.”

Cues from within the Fed have been mixed recently. Several officials, including Philadelphia Fed President Patrick Harker, have advocated holding fire on rate hikes temporarily to evaluate incoming data. This “wait and see” approach comes after a torrent of large rate increases this year, with the Fed Funds rate now sitting at a 15-year high of 3.75%-4%.

But hawkish voices like New York Fed President John Williams insist the Fed must keep policy restrictive for some time to combat inflation. Markets hope Powell will provide definitive guidance on the prevailing consensus within the central bank.

Policymakers are navigating a complex environment. Inflation data has been gradually improving from 40-year highs earlier this year. But inflation expectations remain uncomfortably high, pointing to the need for further tightening.

“Powell has to present the recent inflation data as welcome news, but not evidence that the job is done,” said Ryan Sweet, chief U.S. economist at Oxford Economics. “The Fed still has more work to do.”

At the same time, the rapid rise in Treasury yields in recent weeks has already tightened financial conditions substantially. Another massive rate hike could be unnecessary overkill.

According to Krishna Guha of Evercore ISI, Powell will likely underscore “that the data has been coming in stronger than expected, but there has also been a big move in yields, which has tightened financial conditions, so no urgency for a policy response in November.”

Markets are currently pricing in a 65% chance that rates remain on hold at next month’s policy meeting. But there is still roughly a one-in-three chance of another 0.75 percentage point hike.

All eyes will be parsing Powell’s speech for any clues or direct guidance on the Fed’s next steps. While he is expected to avoid concrete commitments, his language choices will be dissected for shifts in tone or any hints at changes in thinking around the policy trajectory.

Powell’s remarks will also be scrutinized for takeaways on how long the Fed may need to keep rates elevated before ultimately cutting. Luke Tilley of Wilmington Trust expects Powell “to keep talking about staying vigilant” and the need for rates to remain higher for longer to ensure inflation comes down sustainably.

With growing recession fears on Main Street and Wall Street, Powell faces a defining moment to communicate a clear roadmap of where monetary policy is headed, while retaining flexibility. Walking this tightrope will be critical to shoring up the Fed’s credibility and avoiding unnecessary market turmoil.

All eyes are on the Fed chair tomorrow as investors and economists eagerly await guidance from the man himself holding the levers over the world’s most influential interest rate.

Rising Housing Costs Drive Consumer Inflation Even Higher in September

Posted on by slightbourne@noblecapitalmarkets.com

Consumer inflation accelerated more than expected in September due largely to intensifying shelter costs, putting further pressure on household budgets and keeping the Federal Reserve on high alert.

The consumer price index (CPI) increased 0.4% last month after rising 0.1% in August, the Labor Department reported Thursday. On an annual basis, prices were up 3.7% through September.

Both the monthly and yearly inflation rates exceeded economist forecasts of 0.3% and 3.6% respectively.

The higher than anticipated inflation extends the squeeze on consumers in the form of elevated prices for essentials like food, housing, and transportation. It also keeps the Fed under the microscope as officials debate further interest rate hikes to cool demand and restrain prices.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics

Surging Shelter Costs in Focus

The main driver behind the inflation uptick in September was shelter costs. The shelter index, which includes rent and owners’ equivalent rent, jumped 0.6% for the month. Shelter costs also posted the largest yearly gain at 7.2%.

On a monthly basis, shelter accounted for over half of the total increase in CPI. Surging rents and housing costs reflect pandemic trends like strong demand amid limited supply.

“Just because the rate of inflation is stable for now doesn’t mean its weight isn’t increasing every month on family budgets,” noted Robert Frick, corporate economist at Navy Federal Credit Union. “That shelter and food costs rose particularly is especially painful.”

Energy and Food Costs Also Climb

While shelter led the inflation surge, other categories saw notable increases as well in September. Energy costs rose 1.5% led by gasoline, fuel oil, and natural gas. Food prices gained 0.2% for the third consecutive month, with a 6% jump in food away from home.

On an annual basis, energy costs were down 0.5% but food was up 3.7% year-over-year through September.

Used vehicle prices declined 2.5% in September but new vehicle costs rose 0.3%. Overall, transportation services inflation eased to 0.9% annually in September from 9.5% in August.

Wage Growth Lags Inflation

Rising consumer costs continue to outpace income growth, squeezing household budgets. Average hourly earnings rose just 0.2% in September, not enough to keep pace with the 0.4% inflation rate.

That caused real average hourly earnings to fall 0.2% last month. On a yearly basis, real wages were up only 0.5% through September—a fraction of the 3.7% inflation rate over that period.

American consumers have relied more heavily on savings and credit to maintain spending amid high inflation. But rising borrowing costs could limit their ability to sustain that trend.

Fed Still Focused on Inflation Fight

The hotter-than-expected CPI print keeps the Fed anchored on inflation worries. Though annual inflation has eased from over 9% in June, the 3.7% rate remains well above the Fed’s 2% target.

Officials raised interest rates by 75 basis points in both September and November, pushing the federal funds rate to a range of 3-3.25%. Markets expect another 50-75 basis point hike in December.

Treasury yields surged following the CPI report, reflecting ongoing inflation concerns. Persistently high shelter and food inflation could spur the Fed to stick to its aggressive rate hike path into 2023.

Taming inflation remains the Fed’s number one priority, even at the risk of slowing economic growth. The latest CPI data shows they still have work to do on that front.

All eyes will now turn to the October and November inflation reports heading into the pivotal December policy meeting. Further hotter-than-expected readings could force the Fed’s hand on more supersized rate hikes aimed at cooling demand and prices across the economy.

Bond Market Signals Recession Warning As Yields Invert

Posted on by slightbourne@noblecapitalmarkets.com

The bond market is sounding alarm bells about the economic outlook. The yield on the 2-year Treasury briefly exceeded the 10-year yield this week for the first time since 2019. Known as a yield curve inversion, this phenomenon historically signals a recession could be on the horizon.

While not a guarantee, yield curve inversions have preceded every recession over the past 50 years. Here is what is happening in the bond market and what it could mean for investors.

Why Did Yields Invert?

Yields on short-term bonds like 2-year Treasuries tend to track the Federal Reserve’s policy rate. With the Fed aggressively hiking rates to combat inflation, short-term yields have been rising quickly.

Meanwhile, long-term yields like the 10-year are influenced by investors’ growth and inflation expectations. As optimism over the economy’s trajectory wanes, investors have been driving down long-term yields.

This dynamic inversion, where short-term rates exceed longer-duration ones, reflects mounting concerns that the Fed’s rate hikes will severely slow economic activity. Markets increasingly fear rates may cause a hard landing into recession.

Image credit: Cnbc.com

Growth and Inflation Concerns Intensify

The yield curve has flashed the most negative signal since the lead up to the pandemic recession. This suggests investors see a lack of catalysts for growth on the horizon even as inflation remains stubbornly high.

Ongoing supply chain problems, the war in Ukraine putting pressure on food and energy prices, and fears of a housing market slowdown are all weighing on outlooks. There is a sense the Fed lacks effective tools to bring down inflation without crushing the economy.

Meanwhile, key economic indicators like manufacturing surveys have weakened significantly. This points to activity already slowing ahead of when rate hikes would take full effect.

Implications for Investors

The risks of a recession are rising. Yield curve inversions have foreshadowed every recession since the 1950s. However, they have also sometimes occurred 1-2 years before downturns start.

This suggests investors should prepare for choppiness, but not panic. Rotating toward more defensive stocks like healthcare and consumer staples can help portfolios better weather volatility. At the same time, cyclical sectors like tech and industrials could face more pressure.

In fixed income, short-term bonds may offer opportunities as the Fed potentially cuts rates during a downturn. But credit-sensitive sectors like high-yield bonds and leveraged loans could struggle if defaults rise.

While uncertainty abounds, the inverted yield curve highlights the delicate balancing act ahead for the Fed and concerns over still-high inflation. Investors will be closely watching upcoming data for signs of how quickly the economy is slowing. For now, caution and safe-haven assets look to be in favor as recession worries cast a long shadow.

August PCE Index Release Suggests Slower Pace of Inflation Growth

Posted on by cpatches

Today’s news brings the release of the August data for the Personal Consumption Expenditures (PCE) Index by the U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis. This report, a crucial indicator of inflation and consumer spending in the United States, has set a positive tone for financial markets as they rally in early trading.

In August, the PCE Index recorded a year-over-year growth rate of 3.5%, showing a modest increase from the previous month’s 3.4%. On a monthly basis, the core PCE, the Federal Reserve’s preferred measure of inflation, inched up by 0.1%, slightly lower than the 0.2% increase in July.

The Federal Reserve has long regarded the core PCE as its favored measure of inflation. While the August PCE report has provided insight into inflation trends, it’s important to note that the Fed made a decision to keep interest rates steady earlier this week. Federal Reserve Chair Jerome Powell consistently references the core PCE figures when assessing inflation. Powell has emphasized that inflation remains above the Fed’s 2% target, which has informed the central bank’s recent decision to maintain interest rates within a range of 5.25%-5.50%. This decision underscores the Fed’s cautious approach to managing inflation while fostering economic growth.

Historically, PCE reports have played a significant role in guiding monetary policy and influencing market dynamics. When inflationary pressures rise, the Fed may respond by raising interest rates to curb price increases. Conversely, when PCE growth moderates, the central bank may opt for rate cuts to stimulate economic activity.

While the report suggests a slower pace of inflation growth in August compared to July, inflation remains a pertinent issue. Investors will closely monitor subsequent reports and Federal Reserve actions to gain insight into the trajectory of inflation and its potential impact on financial markets and the broader economy. The early market rally reflects the market’s optimism following the release of the latest PCE data, as it continues to navigate the evolving economic landscape.

Mortgage Rates Hit 23-Year High

Posted on by slightbourne@noblecapitalmarkets.com

Mortgage rates crossed the 7% threshold this past week, as the 30-year fixed rate hit 7.31% according to Freddie Mac data. This marks the highest level for mortgage rates since late 2000.

The implications extend far beyond the housing market alone. The sharp rise in rates stands to impact the stock market, economic growth, and investor sentiment through various channels.

For stock investors, higher mortgage rates pose risks of slower economic growth and falling profits for rate-sensitive sectors. Housing is a major component of GDP, so a pullback in home sales and construction activity would diminish economic output.

Slower home sales also mean less revenue for homebuilders, real estate brokers, mortgage lenders, and home furnishing retailers. With housing accounting for 15-18% of economic activity, associated industries make up a sizable chunk of the stock market.

A housing slowdown would likely hit sectors such as homebuilders, building materials, home improvement retailers, and home furnishing companies the hardest. Financial stocks could also face challenges as mortgage origination and refinancing drop off.

Broader economic weakness resulting from reduced consumer spending power would likely spillover to impact earnings across a wide swath of companies and market sectors. Investors may rotate to more defensive stocks if growth concerns escalate.

Higher rates also signal tightening financial conditions, which historically leads to increased stock market volatility and investor unease. Between inflation cutting into incomes and higher debt servicing costs, consumers have less discretionary income to sustain spending.

Reduced consumer spending has a knock-on effect of slowing economic growth. If rate hikes intended to fight inflation go too far, it raises the specter of an economic contraction or recession down the line.

For bond investors, rising rates eat into prices of existing fixed income securities. Bonds become less attractive compared to newly issued debt paying higher yields. Investors may need to explore options like floating rate bonds and shorter duration to mitigate rate impacts.

Rate-sensitive assets that did well in recent years as rates fell may come under pressure. Real estate, utilities, long-duration bonds, and growth stocks with high valuations are more negatively affected by rising rate environments.

Meanwhile, cash becomes comparatively more attractive as yields on savings accounts and money market funds tick higher. Investors may turn to cash while awaiting clarity on inflation and rates.

The Fed has emphasized its commitment to bringing inflation down even as growth takes a hit. That points to further rate hikes ahead, meaning mortgage rates likely have room to climb higher still.

Whether the Fed can orchestrate a soft landing remains to be seen. But until rate hikes moderate, investors should brace for market volatility and economic uncertainty.

Rising mortgage rates provide yet another reason for investors to ensure their portfolios are properly diversified. Maintaining some allocation to defensive stocks and income plays can help smooth out risk during periods of higher volatility.

While outlooks call for slower growth, staying invested with a long-term perspective is typically better than market timing. Patience and prudent risk management will be virtues for investors in navigating markets in the year ahead.

High Gas Prices Return, Complicating Inflation Fight

Posted on by slightbourne@noblecapitalmarkets.com

Pain at the pump has made an unwelcome return, with gas prices rapidly rising across the United States. The national average recently climbed to $3.88 per gallon, while some states now face prices approaching or exceeding $6 per gallon.

In California, gas prices have spiked to $5.79 on average, up 31 cents in just the past week. It’s even worse in metro Los Angeles where prices hit $6.07, a 49 cent weekly jump. Besides California, drivers in 11 states now face average gas prices of $4 or more.

This resurgence complicates the Federal Reserve’s fight against high inflation. Oil prices are the key driver of retail gas costs. With oil climbing back to $90 per barrel, pushed up by supply cuts abroad, gas prices have followed.

West Texas Intermediate crude rose to $93.74 on Tuesday, its highest level in 10 months, before retreating below $91 on Wednesday. The international benchmark Brent crude hit highs above $96 per barrel. Goldman Sachs warned Brent could reach $107 if OPEC+ nations don’t unwind production cuts.

For consumers, higher gas prices add costs and sap purchasing power, especially for lower-income families. Drivers once again face pain filling up their tanks. Households paid an average of $445 a month on gas during the June peak when prices topped $5 a gallon. That figure dropped to $400 in September but is rising again.

Politically, high gas also causes headaches for the Biden administration. Midterm voters tend to blame whoever occupies the White House for pain at the pump, whether justified or not. President Biden has few tools to immediately lower prices set by global markets.

Take a look at other energy companies by taking a look at Noble Capital Markets Research Analyst Michael Heim’s coverage list.

However, economists say oil and gas prices must rise significantly further to seriously jeopardize the U.S. economy. Past recessions only followed massive oil price spikes of at least 100% within a year. Oil would need to double from current levels, to around $140 per barrel, to inevitably tip the economy into recession, according to analysis.

Nonetheless, the energy resurgence does present challenges for the Fed’s inflation fight. While core inflation has cooled lately, headline inflation has rebounded in part due to pricier gas. Consumer prices rose 0.1% in August, defying expectations of a drop, largely because of rising shelter and energy costs.

This complicates the Fed’s mission to cool inflation through interest rate hikes. Some economists believe the energy volatility will lead the Fed to pencil in an additional quarter-point rate hike this year to around 4.5%. However, a dramatic policy response is unlikely with oil still below $100 per barrel.

In fact, some argue the energy spike may even inadvertently help the Fed. By sapping consumer spending power, high gas prices could dampen demand and ease price pressures. If energy costs siphon purchases away from discretionary goods and services, it may allow inflation to fall without more aggressive Fed action.

Morgan Stanley analysis found past energy price shocks had a “small” impact on core inflation but took a “sizable bite out of” consumer spending. While bad for growth, this demand destruction could give the Fed space to cool inflation without triggering serious economic damage.

For now, energy volatility muddies the inflation outlook and complicates the Fed’s delicate task of engineering a soft landing. Gas prices swinging upward once again present both economic and political challenges. But unless oil spikes drastically higher, the energy complex likely won’t force the Fed’s hand. The central bank will keep rates elevated as long as underlying inflation remains stubbornly high.

U.S. National Debt Tops $33 Trillion

Posted on by slightbourne@noblecapitalmarkets.com

The U.S. national debt surpassed $33 trillion for the first time ever this week, hitting $33.04 trillion according to the Treasury Department. This staggering sum exceeds the size of the entire U.S. economy and equals about $100,000 per citizen.

For investors, the ballooning national debt raises concerns about future tax hikes, inflation, and government spending cuts that could impact markets. While the debt level itself may seem abstract, its trajectory has real implications for portfolios.

Over 50% of the current national debt has accumulated since 2019. Massive pandemic stimulus programs, tax cuts, and a steep drop in tax revenues all blew up the deficit during Covid-19. Interest costs on the debt are also piling up.

Some level of deficit spending was needed to combat the economic crisis. But years of expanding deficits have brought total debt to the highest level since World War II as a share of GDP.

With debt now exceeding the size of the economy, there is greater risk of reduced economic output from crowd-out effects. High debt levels historically hamper GDP growth.

Economists worry that high debt will drive up borrowing costs for consumers and businesses as the government competes for limited capital. The Congressional Budget Office projects interest costs will soon become the largest government expenditure as rates rise.

Higher interest rates will consume more tax revenue just to pay interest, leaving less funding available for programs and services. Taxes may have to be raised to cover these costs.

Rising interest costs will also put more pressure on the Federal Reserve to keep rates low and monetize the debt through quantitative easing. This could further feed inflation.

If interest costs spiral, government debt could eventually reach unsustainable levels and require restructuring. But well before that, the debt overhang will influence policy and markets.

As debt concerns mount, investors may rotate to inflation hedges like gold and real estate. The likelihood of higher corporate and individual taxes could hit equity valuations and consumer spending.

But government spending cuts to social programs and defense would also ripple through the economy. Leaner budgets would provide fiscal headwinds reducing growth.

With debt limiting stimulus options, creative monetary policy would be needed in the next recession. More radical measures by the Fed could introduce volatility.

While the debt trajectory is troubling, a crisis is not imminent. Still, prudent investors should account for fiscal risks in their portfolio positioning and outlook. The ballooning national debt will shape policy and markets for years to come.

The Fed’s Tightrope Walk Between Inflation and Growth

Posted on by slightbourne@noblecapitalmarkets.com

The Federal Reserve is stuck between a rock and a hard place as it aims to curb high inflation without inflicting too much damage on economic growth. This precarious balancing act has major implications for both average citizens struggling with rising prices and investors concerned about asset values.

For regular households, the current bout of high inflation straining budgets is public enemy number one. Prices are rising at 8.3% annually, squeezing wages that can’t keep pace. Everything from groceries to rent to healthcare is becoming less affordable. Meanwhile, rapid Fed rate hikes intended to tame inflation could go too far and tip the economy into recession, slowing the job market and risking higher unemployment.

However, new economic research suggests the Fed also needs to be cognizant of rate hikes’ impact on the supply side of the economy. Supply chain bottlenecks and constrained production have been key drivers of this inflationary episode. Aggressive Fed action that suddenly squelches demand could backfire by inhibiting business investment, innovation, and productivity growth necessary to expand supply capacity.

For example, sharply higher interest rates make financing more expensive, deterring business investment in new factories, equipment, and technologies. Tighter financial conditions also restrict lending to startups and venture capital for emerging technologies. All of this could restrict supply, keeping prices stubbornly high even in a weak economy.

This means the Fed has to walk a tightrope, moderating demand enough to curb inflation but not so much that supply takes a hit. The goal is to lower costs without forcing harsh rationing of demand through high unemployment. A delicate balance is required.

For investors, rapidly rising interest rates have already damaged asset prices, bringing an end to the long-running stock market boom. Higher rates make safe assets like bonds more appealing versus risky bets like stocks. And expectations for Fed hikes ahead impact share prices and other securities.

But stock markets could stabilize if the Fed manages to engineering the elusive “soft landing” – bringing down inflation while avoiding recession. The key is whether moderating demand while supporting supply expansion provides stable growth. However, uncertainty remains high on whether the Fed’s policies will thread this narrow needle.

Overall, the Fed’s inflation fight has immense stakes for Americans’ economic security and investors’ asset values. Walking the tightrope between high inflation and very slow growth won’t be easy. Aggressive action risks supply problems and recession, but moving too slowly could allow inflation to become entrenched. It’s a delicate dance with high stakes riding on success.

Consumer Prices Rise at Faster Pace in August

Posted on by slightbourne@noblecapitalmarkets.com

The Consumer Price Index (CPI) increased 0.6% in August on a seasonally adjusted basis, quickening from the 0.2% rise seen in July, according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics’ latest report. Over the past 12 months through August, headline CPI inflation stands at 3.7% before seasonal adjustment, up from 3.2% for the 12-month period ending in July.

The August monthly gain was primarily driven by a spike of 10.6% in the gasoline index. Gasoline was coming off a tamer 0.2% increase in July. Food prices also contributed to inflationary pressures, with the food at home index edging up 0.2% again last month. The food away from home index rose 0.3%.

Meanwhile, the energy index excluding gasoline picked up as well. Natural gas costs ticked up 0.1%, electricity prices rose 0.2%, and fuel oil prices surged 9.1%.

The core CPI, which removes volatile food and energy categories, rose 0.3% in August after a 0.2% gain in July. The shelter index has been a main driver of core inflation. It covers rental costs and owners’ equivalent rent, both of which have rapidly increased due to imbalances between housing supply and demand.

On an annual basis, the energy index has fallen 3.6%, as gasoline, natural gas and fuel oil costs are down over the past 12 months. However, the food and core indexes are up 4.3% and 4.3% year-over-year, respectively.

Within the core CPI, the main drivers have been shelter costs, up 7.3% over the last 12 months, along with auto insurance (+19.1%), recreation services (+3.5%), personal care (+5.8%) and new vehicles (+2.9%). Medical care services inflation has also accelerated to 6.6% over the past year.

Geographically, inflation varies significantly by region. The Northeast has seen 4.2% CPI inflation over the past year, the Midwest 3.9%, the South 3.7%, and the West just 2.9%. By city size, larger metropolitan areas over 1.5 million people have experienced 3.8% inflation, compared to 3.6% for mid-sized cities and 3.7% in smaller cities.

August’s monthly data shows inflation quickened after signs of cooling in July. While gasoline futures retreated in September, shelter inflation remains stubbornly high with no meaningful relief expected until mortgage rates decline substantially.

With core inflation running well above the Fed’s 2% target, further interest rate hikes are anticipated to combat still-high inflation. But the path to a soft economic landing appears increasingly narrow amid recession risks.

The next CPI update will be released in mid-October, shedding light on whether persistent pricing pressures are continuing to squeeze household budgets. For now, the August report shows inflation picking up steam after the prior month’s encouraging data.

Looking Ahead

Consumers may get temporary relief in the near term at the gas pump, as oil and gasoline futures prices pulled back in September following OPEC’s modest production cut.

Yet the larger concern remains the entrenched inflation in essentials like food, rent and medical care. Shelter inflation in particular has shown little sign of abating, as rental rates and housing prices remain disconnected from incomes.

Mortgage rates have soared above 6% in 2023 after starting the year around 3%. The sharp rise in financing costs continues to shut many homebuyers out of the market. Until mortgage rates meaningfully decline, shelter inflation is likely to persist.

And that will be challenging as long as the Fed keeps interest rates elevated. Monetary policy has lagged in responding to inflation, putting central bankers in catch-up mode. Further rate hikes are expected in the coming months absent a significant cooling in pricing pressures.

But the risks of the Fed overtightening and spurring a recession continue to intensify. The path to a soft landing for the economy is looking increasingly precarious.

For consumers, it means further inflationary pain is likely in store before a sustained moderation emerges. Budgets will remain pressured by pricier essentials, leaving less room for discretionary purchases.

While the monthly data will remain volatile, the overall trend points to stubborn inflation persisting through year-end. The Fed will be closely watching to see if their actions to date have slowed price gains enough. If not, consumers should prepare for more rate hikes and resulting economic uncertainty into 2024.

Jobless Claims Drop to Lowest Since February as Labor Market Holds Up

Posted on by slightbourne@noblecapitalmarkets.com

New applications for U.S. unemployment benefits fell unexpectedly last week to the lowest level since mid-February, signaling the job market remains tight even as broader economic headwinds build.

Initial jobless claims declined by 13,000 to 216,000 in the week ended September 2, the Labor Department reported Thursday. That was below economist forecasts for a rise to 234,000 and marked the fourth straight week of declines.

Continuing claims, which track ongoing unemployment, also dropped to 1.679 million for the week ended August 26. That was the lowest point since mid-July.

The downward trend in both initial and continuing claims points to ongoing resilience in the labor market amid strong employer demand for workers.

There are some emerging signs of softness, however. The unemployment rate ticked higher to 3.8% in August as labor force participation increased. Job growth also moderated in the latest month, though remains healthy.

Worker productivity rebounded at a 3.5% annualized pace in the second quarter, the fastest rise since 2020. Moderating labor cost growth could also help the Federal Reserve combat high inflation.

While jobless claims remain near historic lows, economists will keep a close eye on any notable changes that could indicate potential layoffs, although the Federal Reserve has recently taken a more measured approach to rate hikes aimed at moderating economic demand.

Currently, the most recent data confirms a remarkably robust job market, despite concerns about inflation and slowing growth. This resilience provides hope that any potential economic downturn in the future might be less severe than previously anticipated.

Cathie Wood Believes the Fed is Playing Economic Jenga

Posted on by phoffman@channelchek.com

Ark Invest Warns of a Deflationary Ripple that Could Spread Around the Globe

Pricing, whether it be of the stock market, private placements, or other alternative investments is impacted by investor demand, and demand is the result of differing views. Cathie Wood, the Ark Investment Management CEO, has held the view that the U.S. and global economies are close to a deflationary spiral. She pointed to more evidence this week, and sounded the alarm for the potential dire consequences of the Federal Reserve’s ongoing rate tightening measures. According to Wood, deflation tied to China and actions by the U.S. central bank could set off a chain reaction of deflation-induced economic slowdowns, not just within the United States but across international markets.

Source @CathieDWood (X, August 14, 2023)

Ms. Wood, the 67-year-old market veteran, who falls in the category of celebrity investor, has many fans and followers. She shared her concerns in a string of posts on X, the platform formerly known as Twitter. Wood stated, “China is exporting deflation in a more profound way than I believe many economists and strategists appreciate.”

She explained that producer prices in China, the world’s second largest economy, were impacted by the U.S. dollar strengthening by 15% against the Chinese yuan, despite the devaluation adding around 15% to Chinese PPI, the Chinese reported a decline in the PPI inflation measure by 4%.

Source @CathieDWood (X, August 14, 2023)

Wood expressed China is exporting deflation. She posted that, under normal circumstances, the 15% depreciation of the yuan against the dollar in 2022 should have led to a 15% increase in China’s annual producer inflation rate. Since it instead dropped 4%, In her math, this is creating near a 20% downdraft on prices of Chinese goods.

Source @CathieDWood (X, August 14, 2023)

Turning her focus to China’s economic trajectory, Wood recounted the country’s impressive growth following its entry into the World Trade Organization in 2001. Over nearly two decades, China’s real GDP experienced a sustained double-digit expansion. However, Wood pointed out that rapid growth often conceals underlying economic vulnerabilities, including excessive debt and leverage. Her firm believes these vulnerabilities are now creating cracks in China’s economy.

Source @CathieDWood (X, August 14, 2023)

Wood suggested that China might attempt to halt the depreciation of the yuan. However, this would necessitate selling off U.S. dollars and acquiring yuan, which, in turn, tightens monetary policy and fuels the economy’s fragility, even amid efforts to stimulate it.

Source @CathieDWood (X, August 14, 2023)

Ark Invest’s CEO posted, “The Fed has precipitated and exacerbated the risk of a global deflationary bust.” Drawing attention to the central bank’s remarkable 22-fold increase in the Fed funds rate, Wood warned that the repercussions of this move would first impact China and subsequently ripple through the rest of the world.

Recent economic data from China underscores the challenges it currently faces. Second-quarter GDP growth came in at 6.3%, falling short of the 7.3% projection by economists. Furthermore, new bank loans for July plummeted by 89% month-over-month, marking the lowest level since 2009, according to data from the People’s Bank of China.

The deflationary trend is evident in inflation figures as well. July inflation data showed both consumer and producer price inflation rates in negative territory.

Adding to the concerns, a trio of data released from the China National Bureau of Statistics revealed lackluster performance. Retail sales rose by a modest 2.5% year-over-year in July, well below the anticipated 4.5% increase. Industrial Production also lagged, with a 3.7% rise compared to the consensus estimate of 4.4%. Moreover, fixed asset investment figures raised further questions about the country’s economic health.

Take Away

There are certainly competing inflation forecasts opposing those coming out of Cathie Wood’s firm. However, her warnings do serve as a reminder, from a veteran in the asset management business, of the interconnectedness of global economies and the potential ramifications of central bank policy decisions. As markets continue to navigate the crosscurrents, attention remains on policymakers and economic indicators for signs of any change in trends.

Paul Hoffman

Managing Editor, Channelchek

Sources

Cathie Wood’s X Post

http://www.stats.gov.cn/english/PressRelease/202308/t20230815_1942019.html

Is the 2024 Social Security COLA level a Foregone Conclusion?

Posted on by phoffman@channelchek.com

It Seems Likely that Grandma and Grandpa are Getting a Much Smaller Raise Next Year

In 2023, Social Security recipients received the highest COLA in more than 40 years, 8.7%. At the same time, the entire U.S., including those retired, was impacted by the highest annual inflation in over 40 years. The result is the increased pay impacted recipients differently. Those with a higher percentage of variable costs or expenses, especially where inflation was worst, such as rent, travel, or fuel did not benefit as much, if at all. Those with a greater percentage of fixed costs may have found themselves with more money at the end of each month.

Consumers in the U.S., including Social Security recipients, have not had their purchasing power eroded as much during the first seven months of 2023, as they experienced in 2022. Social Security cost of living adjustments (COLA) are based on a formula that will cause the increase paid next year to rise almost by a third of what it rose at the beginning of 2023.

While not yet official, the new forecast comes after the release of July’s Consumer Price Index (CPI), and is largely based on little change over the next 45 days.   

How is a COLA Calculated?

Ignore for a moment the inflation rate percentages you see in the news headlines. The 12-month CPI is calculated by using the set cost of a basket of goods during the month, divided into the cost of the same basket a year earlier. SSA COLA is calculated by the average price of the basket July, August, and September, and dividing it by the average of these months a year earlier. The CPI used in this case is not the CPI-U (all urban consumers) typically reported in the news, but instead, CPI-W (Urban Wage Earners and Clerical Workers). CPI-W is calculated on a monthly basis by the Bureau of Labor Statistics. The most recent release was August 10, 2023.

COLA increases are rounded to the nearest tenth. The adjusted benefit payments are effective as of the first month of the new year.

What to Expect

Social Security recipients could see a 3% bump up next year, based on July’s CPI data, and the current stagnation in the level of inflation. A 3% COLA would raise an average monthly benefit of $1,789 by $53.70 and the maximum benefit by $136.65 per month.

Retired Americans who find Social Security a nice addition to 401(k) or 403(B) investment returns or ample pensions may find themselves with a few extra dollars to take road trips or treat themselves to dining out, or gifts for grandchildren. But investors looking for industries that may benefit from the fatter checks older Americans will receive may find that there is little difference in spending for the majority.

In its recent survey of retirees, the Senior Citizens League found that more than 66% of those that completed its survey have postponed dental care, including major services such as bridges, dentures, and implants. Another 43% said they have delayed optical exams or getting prescription eyeglasses. Almost one-third of survey participants said they have postponed getting medical care or filling prescriptions due to deductibles, out-of-pocket costs, and unexpected bills.

Persistent high prices aren’t the only challenge. Findings from the survey suggest more than one in five Social Security beneficiaries (23%) report they paid tax on a portion of their benefits for the first time this past tax season.

Take Away

When economic numbers are released, they are of interest to a expansive variety of economic stakeholders. This includes investors determining how new statistics will impact corporate earnings, economists deciding how it could impact the Fed’s next move, equity analysts reviewing their industry and companies in the sector, the young couple looking to furnish a new home, and those past their working years that are in general more vulnerable.

The CPI number from July and those that will be reported for August and September will have a noticeable impact on the high percentage of elderly in the U.S. come January 2024.

Paul Hoffman

Managing Editor, Channelchek

Sources

https://www.ssa.gov/oact/cola/latestCOLA.html#:~:text=The%20Social%20Security%20Act%20specifies,the%20Bureau%20of%20Labor%20Statistics.

https://www.wsj.com/articles/social-security-payment-increase-cola-2024-retirement-a3fce38e

https://www.ssa.gov/news/press/factsheets/colafacts2022.pdf

https://www.wsj.com/articles/social-security-payment-increase-cola-2024-retirement-a3fce38e

https://www.ssa.gov/news/press/factsheets/colafacts2022.pdf

Is Good Economic News Back to Being Good for the Stock Market?

Posted on by phoffman@channelchek.com

The Surprisingly High Economic Growth Numbers Aren’t Spooking Investors

Gross Domestic Product, or GDP, is one of the best measures of U.S. economic health. The second quarter GDP report as well as the first quarter upward revision, fully support the idea that the economy is growing above expectations and that the Fed’s rate hike in July was justified. This places equity investors in the position they have become very familiar with, wondering if they should be bullish on stocks as the economy rolls on, or should they be bearish as the Fed’s reaction could cause a period of negative growth (recession). Seeing how the Dow is on a winning streak of a dozen days in a row,  even as the Fed resumed tightening, it may be that the forward-looking stock market has turned the corner and is now taking good news as good news, and bad news as bad, once again.

Source: Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA)

GDP was much stronger than expected – economists surveyed by FactSet were expecting a 1.5% gain. This was the first data release since the July FOMC meeting; it will however be followed on Friday by two other key indicators. The U.S. economy grew at a 2.4% annual rate in the second quarter (first estimate of GDP). This is significantly better than economists’ projections and makes abundantly clear that through last quarter, the economy was far from contracting or recessionary.

Contributors to the better-than-expected growth are increases in consumer spending, nonresidential fixed investment, state and local government spending, private inventory investment, and federal government spending, according to the BEA. Non-manufacturing contributors (services) included housing and utilities, health care, financial services and insurance, and transportation services. The contribution to goods spending was led by recreational goods and vehicles as well as gasoline and other energy goods.

Other Market-Moving Releases

The GDP report was the first piece of economic data following the Federal Reserve’s meeting on Tuesday and Wednesday; this concluded with a quarter-point increase in the central bank’s target for the fed-funds rate. That now leaves the Fed’s benchmark rate at a range of 5.25% to 5.5%.

Jobs and the tight employment market, where there are currently more jobs available than workers looking for employment, should still be a big focus of monetary policymakers. On Friday July 28, the employment cost index (ECI) is expected to show that the hourly labor cost to employers in the second quarter grew at a 4.8% annual rate, and by 1.1% quarter to quarter, according to the consensus estimate by FactSet. That’s little changed from the first quarter, when compensation costs for civilian workers increased by 4.8% annually and at a 1.2% rate quarter over quarter, according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics. Labor tightness and wage inflation are both concerning for the Fed and provide evidence that a more restrictive policy is needed.

Investors should look for ECI to provide some insight into how sticky service inflation is right now. This is of high importance because, within the service sector, wages tend to be the highest input cost. If the number comes in higher than expected, that could be a worrisome sign of continued stubborn inflation, which then indicates the need for additional rate hikes.

At the same time the ECI report is released on Friday, the PCE data is released. While the market’s tendency over the months has been to hyperfocus on the “Fed’s favorite inflation measure,” PCE may take a back seat in terms of significance to ECI data.

Take Away

Inflation rates coming down while the economy grows is, if inflation declines enough, a soft economic landing. The stock market, which had been reacting negatively to strong economic news, is beginning to show signs that it expects a soft landing – while this lasts, the markets could continue their winning streak.

Paul Hoffman

Managing Editor, Channelchek

Sources

https://www.barrons.com/articles/the-most-interesting-economic-news-this-week-wont-come-from-the-fed-8416e9a3?mod=hp_LEAD_1_B_1

https://www.barrons.com/articles/us-gdp-growth-report-data-8468fd3b?mod=hp_LEAD_1

https://www.fxstreet.com/analysis/pce-inflation-preview-price-pressures-set-to-fade-in-fed-favorite-figures-us-dollar-to-follow-suit-202307270646