Tag: Yellen

Yellen Feels Cautiously Optimistic About U.S. Prospects

Posted on by phoffman@channelchek.com
Image: US Treasury Secretary Janet Yellen in Las Vegas, Nevada, US, on Monday, Aug. 14, 2023.

China’s Economic slowdown is a “Risk Factor” for US, Says Treasury Secretary Yellen

A month after returning from her visit to China, U.S. Secretary of the Treasury Janet Yellen opened up about the interplay between the two countries’ economies, the risks the Chinese slowdown has on the U.S., and a side trip she took courtesy of ingesting magic mushrooms. Addressing growing concerns over the economic downturn in the world’s second-largest economy, and possible spillover effects to the U.S., the Treasurer was optimistic about her country’s path.  

China and U.S.

Amidst the growing concerns surrounding China’s economic prospects, including a 5% devaluation of the yuan, and across-the-board weakening economic indicators, China now has the worst-performing currency in Asia after the yen.

Treasury Secretary Yellen, speaking in Las Vegas, seemed to be undoing some of the recent strong talk from U.S. President Biden at a fundraiser on August 11. Biden referred to China’s economic issues as a “ticking time bomb” and referred to Communist Party leaders as “bad folks.” The U.S. President expressed concerns about China’s slowed growth and elevated unemployment rate. She was speaking at  a press conference following a speech in Las Vegas. Yellen referred to China’s economic woes as a “risk factor” for the US, a risk that she believes won’t significantly undermine the overall prospects of the American economy.

As Yellen touted the economic policy achievements of the Biden administration, she highlighted the resilient state of the US economy.

Risks to U.S.

In classic economist style, Yellen hedged her “low risk” comments by suggesting there is a possibility that while China’s slowdown will primarily impact its neighboring Asian nations, there will inevitably be some repercussions for the United States.

Yellen strongly emphasized uncertainty, “That said, I feel very good about US prospects overall. Let’s call that a risk, she said, signalling her measured optimism amidst the uncertainties linked to China’s economic trajectory. Yellen underscored the unexpectedly robust state of the U.S. labor market despite the Federal Reserve’s aggressive rate-hiking campaign – one of the most vigorous tightening efforts in decades.

Janet Yellen spoke on CNN about her meal in China

Psychedelic Side Trip?

While in Beijing, Yellen made a bit of a stir both in China and in her home country for having been seen easting a psychedelic mushroom-based dish called Jian shou qing, or “see hand blue”, a fungi dish known for being hallucinogenic.

Yellen spoke about her experiences on CNN. She recognized the humor of the episode but said that the cooked food had no side effects.

Take Away

The U.S. economy is likely to be impacted by trade with the world’s second-largest economy. According to the U.S. Treasury Secretary, weakness in China will be somewhat contagious. She remains cautious but optimistic that the robust state of growth and employment in the U.S will serve to minimize negative effects.

Paul Hoffman

Managing Editor, Channelchek

We May Soon Know if Yellen’s “Extraordinary Measures” are Extraordinary Enough

Posted on by phoffman@channelchek.com

The Pace of the U.S. Treasury Burn Rate Toward a $0.00 Balance

The US Treasury Department is nearing its last ounce of blood as it has been bleeding operating funds. All parties know that the debt ceiling has to be raised if the country is to avoid a financial catastrophe. Still, an impasse on debt ceiling negotiations continues. While the House of Representatives has passed a borrowing cap plan, it is not expected that the Senate would agree on the spending reductions, and President Biden made clear he would not sign it.

The markets, of course, have been paying attention, but for the most part, they have chosen to ignore the drama. Anyone that has been involved in the markets for a few years knows that in the past, there have been stop-gap measures or 11th hour decisions that have avoided a US debt default.

It is Getting Close

The US Treasury reported last Thursday that it had $57.3 billion in cash on hand. As with any ongoing entity, each week, it receives revenue and pays expenses. So the daily balance runoff fluctuates by different amounts each day. A snapshot is reported each Thursday along with other US financial data. The current pace, while not a precise rate to gauge the net burn rate, is useful.

The operating balance used to pay our bills as a nation has declined from $238.5 billion at the start of May, when tax collections helped boost balances. That’s a $181.2 billion decline over 18 days, or $10 billion per day. If the pace holds, the United States balance sheet reaches zero before the June 1 date previously estimated by US Treasury Secretary Janet Yellen.

Image: @GRDector (Twitter)

How are Officials Reacting?

The US reached its Congressionally imposed borrowing cap in January. Since then, there has been a cutting back on spending, as had been announced in January by Janet Yellen. The Treasury has since been operating under an “Extraordinary Measures” plan, reducing less than critical spending to pay obligations that can not be ignored without great consequence. This bandaid approach will go on and, at this point, can only be “fixed” if the debt ceiling is raised once again by Congress.

Treasury Secretary Janet Yellen has been clear in warning lawmakers that the Treasury’s ability to avoid default could end as soon as June 1. The nation has to increase its ability to legally borrow to make its payments while its obligations exceed its revenue.

Averting a June Crisis Without Congress

While most US citizens are aware of the mid-April individual tax date, corporate tax dates are quarterly. The next time most corporations pay their estimated taxes is June 15th. If Secretary Yellen can squeeze the Treasury balances until June 15th, she will no longer be driving on fumes – instead, she will have added a little more gas, not enough to get her to the next corporate tax date.  

Another thought depends on one’s interpretation of the 14th Amendment. This amendment of the US Constitution contains several provisions, one of which is Section 4. This section states that “the validity of the public debt of the United States, authorized by law… shall not be questioned.” While the exact interpretation of this provision is a matter of legal debate, it has been suggested that it could potentially provide a legal basis for the government to continue meeting its financial obligations, even if the debt ceiling is reached.

Some argue that the 14th Amendment could empower the President to bypass the debt ceiling and ensure that the government continues to pay its debts on time, based on the principle that the United States must honor its financial obligations.

Source: US Treasury (May 18, 2023)

Stalled Talks

Although the date of $zero balance is not far off if the President and Senate doesn’t agree to the House plan, or if the House is inflexible, negotiations have moved in fits and starts with Congressional leaders meeting on and off with each other and with the Executive branch.  

If the nation does default, it will unleash global economic and financial upheaval. The full consequences are not known since it’s never happened before. Those likely to see funds come to a crawl or be turned off are:

  • Interest on the debt: While the debt itself would continue to be serviced, a stringent austerity plan could potentially result in reduced payments towards interest on the national debt.
  • Government programs and agencies: Funding for discretionary programs, such as infrastructure projects, education initiatives, environmental programs, or research grants, could be reduced or eliminated.
  • Social welfare programs: Payments for social welfare programs, such as unemployment benefits, food assistance, housing subsidies, or healthcare subsidies, may be reduced or scaled back.
  • Defense spending: Military expenditures and defense contracts may face cuts, impacting payments to defense contractors and the procurement of military equipment and services.
  • Government salaries and benefits: Austerity measures could involve salary freezes, reductions, or furloughs for government employees, including civil servants, military personnel, or elected officials.
  • Infrastructure projects: Funding for infrastructure development and maintenance, including transportation systems, highways, bridges, and public facilities, may face reductions or delays.
  • Grants to states and local governments: Payments to states and local governments for various programs, such as education, healthcare, or community development, could be reduced.

The above are not set in stone, it’s important to note that the specific impacts of an austerity plan would depend on the policies and priorities set by the government, and different austerity measures are also a matter of negotiation.

While Yellen, the Congressional Budget Office, and multiple other forecasters think the $Zero date is likely during the first two weeks of June, it’s possible that the Treasury will have enough funds to carry it through the middle of the month, which would add more time.

However, as it looks now, the US Government is running on fumes; in the past, it has not allowed itself to completely run out of gas. If today’s situation follows past history, the markets will get scared a few more times before the US leaders agree and the country is back to business as usual.

Paul Hoffman

Managing Editor, Channelchek

Sources

https://fiscaldata.treasury.gov/datasets/daily-treasury-statement/operating-cash-balance

https://home.treasury.gov/news/press-releases/jy1483

Yellen is About to Know the Debt Ceiling Do or Die Date

Posted on by phoffman@channelchek.com
Image Credit: Federal Reserve (Flickr)

Tax Date Will Provide Timing on Critical Debt Ceiling Breach

While both stock and bond investors are focused on the Federal Reserve and how it will orchestrate lower inflation without crashing the economy, the debt limit time bomb hasn’t gotten much attention yet, this could quickly change. The U.S. mathematically hit its allowed debt ceiling on January 18, 2023. Treasury Secretary Janet Yellen has since been taking measures to avoid a U.S. default on the national debt. But she can only do this dance for so long. How long will become much clearer quite soon. April 18, 2023 is tax date; the U.S. Treasury will then have more precise revenue numbers. This will give the department a much better understanding of when the U.S. would default on its debt if Congress doesn’t allow a higher borrowing limit.

Congress tends to let these issues come down to the eleventh hour before acting. All parties involved know a default would be catastrophic, so the down-to-the-wire drama frustrates markets but tends to allow Congressional representatives to carve out deals on what is important to them. Some expect the actual deadline will be as early as mid-June, others forecast it to be just after summer. The answer will come into clearer focus as tax receipts are taken in over the coming week. Once the time-frame is more certain, the markets are likely to begin to then react as concern amps up.

The Treasury’s $31.4 trillion borrowing cap plus tax receipts will give a clearer idea of how much cash it will have available, which it can weigh against its spending rate. In a note to clients, Bank of America’s analysts, Mark Cabana and Katie Craig wrote “we maintain our current base case for a mid-August X-date but see risks skewed toward earlier.” This four-month or earlier period would end near the scheduled recess for both the House and Senate.

In the analysts view, an influx from taxes of more than $200 billion following tax day would be a relief, while a figure of less than $150 billion would be concerning. Meanwhile, U.S. House Speaker Kevin McCarthy is preparing to roll out his proposal this week for a one-year debt ceiling suspension, according to sources reported by Bloomberg. Republicans have long sought to make any deal contingent on spending cuts, while President Biden has insisted that budgetary needs and debt ceiling should be viewed separately. 

Over the coming months markets and US Treasury officials culd encounter:

T-Bill Yield Increases

Investors could expect higher yields on securities maturing in the very short end of the curve. The fear driving the rate increases is the knowledge that should the U.S. runs out of borrowing capacity, it may not be able to borrow to pay the maturing debt.

This could begin to create an unusual one-year and shorter yield curve as investors either want maturities well ahead of any possible default or well after to give the Congress time to act.

Insuring Against Default

A key market to watch is what happens in credit default swaps for U.S.-issued debt. There has been an increase in activity in recent months as pricing has moved past levels seen in previous debt-cap crunches; this is viewed as the market’s increased expectation of a higher probability of default.

Treasury Cash On-Hand

The measures Treasury Secretary Yellen deployed in late January to address the debt limit issue involve in part, spending cash it doesn’t need to borrow. Last week this cash dropped to $87 billion. This is the lowest level since December 2021 during the debt ceiling battle. However, with the tax payment infusion and other tax revenue, this amount is viewed as a safe cushion for the time being.

The amount of revenue received in taxes this week is critical in that market participants can gauge how far off the debt ceiling debate will be. The concern that the negotiations can cause short-term shifts in interest rates and impact the U.S. dollar and other markets generally has investors on edge.

The situation is not likely to be resolved until the eleventh hour with the current split Congress – when the peak period of drama occurs will be better known very soon.

Paul Hoffman

Managing Editor, Channelchek

Sources

https://www.nab.org/documents/advocacy/2023CongressionalCalendar.pdf

https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2023-04-17/tax-day-cash-will-indicate-just-how-close-the-us-is-to-default?srnd=premium#xj4y7vzkg