X.com’s CEO Speaks Up

Source: CNBC, (August 10, 2023)

X, the Company Formerly Known as Twitter – Here’s Why It Rebranded

If you’re like me, when Elon Musk announced a rebranding of Twitter to the new name X, you waited for the punchline – or thought of it as a stunt. Although weeks later I’m still typing “Twitter” into my search bar, and still refer to posts as tweets.” I have become sure that this is no stunt, it is a business decision. A decision that begs the question, Why?

This week, X’s CEO, Linda Yaccarino shared her insights in a CNBC interview. She explained the company’s decision to rebrand from Twitter, citing alignment with owner Elon Musk’s overall strategic vision for the platform and how Musk, who has owned the URL X.com since his PayPal days, has championed the social media company as the future, all-encompassing app.

“Elon has been talking about X, the everything app, for a very long time,” Yaccarino said during the interview with CNBC’s Sara Eisen. “Even when we announced that I was joining the company, I was joining the company to partner with Elon to transform Twitter into X, the everything app,” Yaccarino said.

Yaccarino, who took the helm in June, indicated the transformation and growth include extended video content, articles, and even subscriptions to content providers.

“Think about what’s happened since the acquisition,” X’s CEO elaborated, “Experiences and evolution into long-form video and articles, subscribe to your favorite creators, who are now earning a real living on the platform. You look at video, and soon you’ll be able to make video chat calls without having to give your phone number to anyone on the platform.”

Attention was brought to the once microblogging platform’s  intentions to facilitate transactions between users, friends, and content creators. The past Twitter was confining, she explained, the new brand will allow evolution without a legacy mindset.

“The rebrand represented really a liberation from Twitter,” she said. “A liberation that allowed us to evolve past a legacy mindset and thinking. And to reimagine how everyone, how everyone on Spaces who’s listening, everybody who’s watching around the world. It’s going to change how we congregate, how we entertain, and how we transact all in one platform.”

The CNBC host asked about the risk in light of name recognition, Yaccarino responded likening the change Johnson & Johnson made by spinning off Band-Aids and Tylenol brands under the new name Kenvue. Her reply suggested the tech giant is almost entrepreneurial now, and can begin with a start-up mentality.

“If you stay Twitter, or you stay whatever your previous brand is, change tends to be only incremental. And you get graded by a legacy report card,” Yaccarino said. “And at X we think about what’s possible. Not the incremental change of what can’t be done.” She pointed to the new product changes and infrastructure improvements, saying it “answers the question of ‘why rebrand?’”

About Yaccarino’s Duties

She is operating independently under Musk’s leadership, Yaccarino assured.

“The roles of Elon and myself are well-defined.” She continued, “Elon is working on accelerating the rebrand and working on the future,”  adding, “and I’m responsible for the rest. Running the company, from partnerships to legal to sales to finance.”

Questions regarding Yaccarino’s autonomy within Musk’s framework had arisen due to his comprehensive control over the company and his ventures like Tesla and SpaceX.

Yaccarino, formerly a senior advertising executive at NBC Universal, underscored X’s dedication to enhancing the advertiser experience. This commitment arose from brands withdrawing from the platform following Musk’s acquisition of Twitter.

A large part of the Twitter brand has in the past been questioned by advertisers related to trust and safety. Yaccarino disclosed that X’s trust and safety team is now more capable compared to its pre-acquisition state. While acknowledging that not all content may align with everyone’s views, she highlighted efforts to improve the platform’s content environment.

In November, Twitter disbanded its ethical artificial intelligence team and downsized its trust and safety department. This move halted the team’s work on “algorithmic amplification monitoring,” which mainly aimed to scrutinize content amplification during elections and political events. This stands in sharp contrast to the trust which the new brand has been building.

Rebuilding advertiser confidence stands as a large challenge for Yaccarino. Musk has claimed continuous spikes in user engagement, but concrete data supporting these claims are slim. Yaccarino pointed out the return of prominent brands like Coca-Cola and Visa to advertising under her leadership, facilitated by her direct engagement with marketing and communication executives.

Yaccarino asserted that brands are now insulated from the risk of adjacency to problematic content. She acknowledged that content that is “lawful but awful” can be challenging to manage but emphasized the company’s new content controls in reducing such risks for advertisers.

Yaccarino also addressed the threat posed by Meta’s Threads, indicating that while it hasn’t fully taken off since its high-profile launch, it’s essential to stay vigilant about competitors. Despite already commanding substantial advertiser spending through Instagram and Facebook, Meta’s Threads has yet to introduce advertising.

As for a potential octagon face-off between Musk and Meta CEO Mark Zuckerberg, Yaccarino took a playful stance saying that if the event occurred, Musk “is training” and noted the potential for a great brand sponsorship opportunity.

Paul Hoffman

Managing Editor, Channelchek

Sources

https://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/twitter-rebrands-x-elon-musk-loses-iconic-bird-logo-rcna95880

https://www.wsj.com/articles/j-j-says-new-band-aid-and-tylenol-company-to-be-named-kenvue-11664365578

https://www.cnbc.com/video/2023/08/10/x-corp-now-a-much-healthier-and-safer-platform-than-a-year-ago-says-linda-yaccarino.html

AI Now Represents a Measurable Threat to the Workforce

Image: Tesla Bot (Tesla)

IBM Will Stop Hiring Professionals For Jobs Artificial Intelligence Might Do

Will AI take jobs and replace people in the future? Large companies are now making room for artificial intelligence alternatives by reducing hiring for positions that AI is expected to be able to fill. Bloomberg reported earlier in May that International Business Machines (IBM) expects to pause the hiring for thousands of positions that could be replaced by artificial intelligence in the coming years.

IBM’s CEO Arvind Krishna said in an interview with Bloomberg that hiring will be slowed or suspended for non-customer-facing roles, such as human resources, which makes up make up 26,000 positions at the tech giant. Watercooler talk of how AI may alter the workforce has been part of discussions in offices across the globe in recent months. IBM’s policy helps define in real terms the impact AI will have. Krishna said he expects about 30% of nearly 26,000 positions could be replaced by AI over a five-year period at the company, that’s 7,800 supplanted by AI.

IBM employs 260,000 people, the positions that involve interacting with customers and developing software are not on the chopping block Krishna said in the interview.

Image credit: Focal Foto (Flickr)

Global Job Losses

In a recent Goldman Sachs research report titled, Generative AI could raise global GDP by 7%, it was shown that 66% of all occupations could be partially automated by AI. This could, over time, allow for more productivity. The report’s specifics are written on the contingency that “generative AI delivers on its promised capabilities.” If it does, Goldman believes 300 million jobs could be threatened in the U.S. and Europe. If AI evolves as promised, Goldman estimates that one-fourth of current work could be accomplished using generative AI.

Sci-fi images of a future where robots replace human workers have existed since the word robot came to life in 1920. The current quick acceleration of AI programs, including ChatGPT and other OpenAI.com products, has ignited concerns that society is not yet ready to reckon with a massive shift in how production can be met without payroll.

Should Workers Worry?

Serial entrepreneur Elon Musk is one of the most vocal critics of AI. He is one of the founders of OpenAI, and the robot division at Tesla. In April, Musk claimed in an interview with Tucker Carlson on Fox News that he believes tech executives like Google’s Larry Page are “not taking AI safety seriously enough.” Musk asserts that he’s been called a “speciesist” for raising alarm bells about AI’s impact on humans, his concern is so great that he is moving forward with his own AI company—X.AI. This, he says, is in response to the recklessness of tech firms.

IBM now has digital labor solutions which help customers automate labor-intensive tasks such as data entry. “In digital labor, we are helping finance, accounting, and HR teams save thousands of hours by automating what used to belabor intensive data-entry tasks,” Krishna said on the company’s earnings call on April 19. “These productivity initiatives free up spending for reinvestment and contribute to margin expansion.”

Technology and innovation have always benefitted households in the long term. The industrial revolution, and later the technology revolution, at first did eliminate jobs. Later the human resources made available by machines increased productivity by freeing up people to do more. Productivity, or increased GDP, is equivalent to a wealthier society as GDP per capita increases.

Paul Hoffman

Managing Editor, Channelchek

Source

https://www.ibm.com/investor/events/earnings-1q23

https://www.goldmansachs.com/insights/pages/generative-ai-could-raise-global-gdp-by-7-percent.html

https://fortune.com/2023/03/02/elon-musk-tesla-a-i-humanoid-robots-outnumber-people-economy/

Twitter is Now Seated with eTORO, Which is a Breakthrough Expansion for Both

Image Credit: Web Summit (Flickr)

Elon Musk Announces New Financial Functionality on Twitter

Starting today, Twitter will provide tweeters the ability to buy and sell stocks and crypto on its platform via eTORO. Twitter owner, Elon Musk has been indicating he intends to turn the popular micro-blogging platform into a “super app.” Today’s move shows substantial headway in allowing financial transactions to be conducted on the social media platform. Other company goals since Musk’s purchase of the company include ride hailing, and attracting video influencers that may be disenchanted with YouTube restrictions on speech.  

What Will the Twitter eTORO Partnership Provide?

Founded in 2007, eTORO has become one of the largest social investment networks and trading platforms. According to its website, it is “built on social collaboration and investor education: a community where users can connect, share, and learn.”

Twitter will partner with the platform to allow users (known as tweeters and Twitterers) to trade stocks and cryptocurrencies as part of a deal with the social investing company.

This partnership will provide access to view charts and trade stocks, cryptocurrencies, and other investment assets from eToro via its mobile platform. Together this significantly expands real-time trading data available to users who already have access on Twitter to real-time data, however this arrangement adds all the bells and whistles a modern trading app can provide.

Twitter will be expanding its use of cashtags as well. Twitter added pricing data for $Cashtags (company ticker preceded by “$”) in December 2022. Since January, there have been more than 420 million searches using Cashtags – the number of searches averages 4.7 million a day.

eToro CEO Yoni Assia told CNBC the deal will help better connect the two brands, adding that in recent years its users have increasingly turned to Twitter to “educate themselves about the markets.”

Assia said there is a great deal of “very high quality” content available in real-time and that the partnership with Twitter will help eToro expand to reach new audiences tapping this as a source of information.

Update on Elon

After Musk’s purchase of Twitter, many advertisers stepped back and watched to see how far the company would go to allow less moderated interaction. On Wednesday (April 12) Musk said that “almost all” advertisers had returned to the app. However, Stellantis and Volkswagen, two large competitors with Musk run Tesla, said they do not yet plan to resume advertising.

Musk told a Morgan Stanley conference last month he wants Twitter to become “the biggest financial institution in the world.” This begs those that follow Musk to ask, “Why stop there, why not include Mars?”

What Else

Be sure to follow Channelchek on Twitter (@channelchek) to stay up to date on market insights, news, videos, and of course, top-tier investment analyst research on small and microcap opportunities.

Paul Hoffman

Managing Editor, Channelchek

Sources

https://www.etoro.com/en-us/about/

https://www.cnbc.com/2023/04/13/twitter-to-let-users-access-stocks-crypto-via-etoro-in-finance-push.html?__source=iosappshare%7Ccom.apple.UIKit.activity.PostToTwitter

https://www.forbes.com/sites/roberthart/2023/04/13/twitter-will-let-users-buy-stocks-and-crypto-as-elon-musk-pushes-for-everything-app/?sh=332662a26882

https://www.bloomberg.com/news/live-blog/2023-03-07/elon-musk-speaks-at-morgan-stanley-conference

What Mining and Metals Investors Learned from Tesla’s “Investor Day”

Source: Tesla (YouTube)

Tesla’s “Investor Day” Reveals that Opportunities Exist in Ancillary EV Businesses  

Investors may have absorbed more ideas from Elon Musk at Tesla’s Investor Day about related opportunities outside of Telsa (TSLA) than in the company itself. The founder was not as forthcoming as expected; however, he did confirm Tesla’s plans to build a fifth car assembly plant in Mexico. He also made reference to a next-gen vehicle and rolled out a $ 1-a-day subscription for owners in some regions for unlimited charging. Autonomous driving updates along with safety numbers were revealed, and how and why Tesla is going to solidify its supply chain and provide itself uninterrupted battery-grade lithium was of particular interest to investors in the metals and mining industries.

Musk on Metals and Mines

It was thought that both those attending in person and those streaming would be treated to a Tesla plan to acquire a mining operation in North or South America amid rampant demand for the material crucial to battery EVs. To respond to the speculation, Musk said the EV manufacturer is “mulling” the takeover of a miner. The miner most often discussed in relation to Tesla is Sigma Lithium Corp. (SGML).

What was more concrete on the battery manufacturing supply chain issue, is it was made clear Tesla is more focused on refining lithium than on mining it. The CEO of the most valuable car company in the world said the “limiting factor” is refining lithium, not actually finding it, as no country has a monopoly on deposits.

Not all investors and analysts can make it to the PDAC Mineral Exploration and Mining Conference in Toronto. In order for our subscribers to stay in the loop, Noble Capital Markets will be attending PDAC conference meetings and then interviewing select executives. This will be captured on video for the exclusive benefit of Channelchek subscribers (no cost). Learn more about the Channelchek Takeaway Series at PDAC.

Tesla has already broken ground on what will be a lithium refinery in Texas, it plans to start output within 12 months. According to a presentation by Drew Baglino, SVP of Tesla’s Powertrain and Energy Engineering department, the EV giant wants to process lithium concentrates into battery-grade lithium chemicals at the refinery in Texas.

As for the EV battery metal nickel, it’s only needed for “aircraft, long-range cars or trucks,” Musk said. “The vast majority of heavy lifting” of EV batteries will be iron-based batteries, and there’s plenty of iron in the world, he said.

The EV Industry Unfolding

Automakers are increasingly pushing into partnerships and ownership of the mining of commodities needed for their end product. Those that vertically integrate early will have their pick among the miners that are a better fit – and potentially priced before demand accelerates. Recently the car company Stellantis took a 14% stake in a subsidiary of McEwen Mining (MUX) that produces copper. And General Motors is said to be negotiating a stake in Vale SA’s base metals unit. In January, GM conditionally okayed a $650-million pact with Lithium Americas (LACCA) to develop a US lithium deposit.

Take Away

Telsa’s Investor Day included updates on autonomous cars and presentations that showed off the company executives, but it didn’t leave a buzz in the EV industry.

It was confirmed that EV manufacturers are eying companies that produce the ingredients they need for their cars to have power. Investors may want to explore producers of lithium, copper, cobalt, and nickel. Especially those closest to EV battery manufacturing facilities.

Paul Hoffman

Managing Editor, Channelchek

Sources

https://livestream.tesla.com/

https://www.barrons.com/livecoverage/tesla-investor-day/card/tesla-will-offer-30-a-month-home-charging-to-some-customers-OUnvtbeNsJwqN5PuBYTZ

https://www.miningweekly.com/article/musk-tamps-down-speculation-that-tesla-will-mine-lithium-2023-03-02

https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/sigma-lithium-commences-trading-on-nasdaq-301375052.html

https://www.opb.org/article/2023/02/01/gm-lithium-americas-thacker-pass-investment/#:~:text=Feb.,of%20lithium%20in%20the%20U.S.

Will Elon Musk Inspire and Excite on Investor Day 2023?

Image Credit: Trubni (Instagram)

Will Tesla Investors be Inspired or Disappointed on March 1 (Investor Day)?

Tesla’s Investor Day is March 1st. The lead-up to these events is usually filled with speculation of how the founder, Elon Musk, may surprise EV fans and the investment community. Tesla’s (TSLA) innovations and unique marketing and distribution have made it the most valuable car company in the world. Part of that marketing is the mystique and confidence Musk brings whenever he has an audience. The company is also inspiring as it is less than 20 years in the making and is leading a revolution in how automobiles are built, driven, and fueled.

As plans are kept under wraps, most of the rumors as to what to expect fall in the category of speculation. Below are some of the most likely ideas from past announcements from Tesla and across the internet since the meeting date was announced.

Battery Production

Sourcing raw materials for batteries to make certain new EVs have all the needed components is becoming a concern among car manufacturers.

News has leaked of a proposed $3.6 billion Giga factory to produce up to 100 Gwh of batteries. The factory is expected to be in Nevada and eventually be used to assemble the Tesla semi when production eventually starts.

Tesla is expected to build a processing facility to make lithium hydroxide from spodumene concentrate in Corpus Christie, Texas. The location is good for shipping, and it is close to sources of sulfuric acid from the oil industry. This would be the first lithium hydroxide production facility in the U.S. If true, it would help Tesla fulfill the raw material sourcing requirements of the Inflation Reduction Act to qualify its cars for the $7,500 federal tax credit.

Those deals are at market prices; Tesla would reap the profits from processing the spodumene concentrate into hydroxide, but the bulk of the profit from the material supply accrues to the mining company. Tesla has hinted previously of plans to enter the lithium mining business.

The $25,000 EV

First mentioned in 2020, Tesla’s proposed $25,000 car earned the nickname “fluffy pillow” after Musk showed a picture of an object covered by a blanket that many thought resembled a large pillow. The project was put on hold in early 2022 when Musk said Tesla had too much on its plate.

Tesla’s existing best sellers, the Model 3 and Model Y, have been around for a while, a new model, whether it is the truck or an affordable entry level car would freshen up the line-up.

New Factory

Tesla’s production goals put it at or near capacity. The current factory capacity is listed as 1.9 million vehicles per year. The current goal is six million cars a year by 2026. This would require the expansion of existing plants and then some. A new factory takes three years to design, construct, and get rolling. So planning would have to start now. Musk is more likely to build a new plant than change his production goals.

Thoughts from across the internet suggest this could be in Indonesia or Mexico. Cars built in Mexico could qualify for the $7500 tax credit to purchasers.

Capital Raise

To accomplish the above requires money. Currently, there is construction in progress building out Tesla’s German and Texas factories. Billions more would be needed to implement other plans.

There is as of recent reporting, $22 billion in cash on Tesla’s balance sheet. This is a snapshot of quarter-end and not an accurate representation of the company’s finances. Offsetting this large number is $15 billion in trade payables and $7 billion in accrued payables, much of which is due soon.

Tesla may have to go to the market to raise cash for projects that will be presented on March 1st.

About Tesla Day

The investor event will be live-streamed from Tesla’s Gigafactory in Texas, with some of the company’s institutional and retail investors attending in person. According to Tesla’s press release, investors will be able to see its most advanced production line as well as discuss long-term expansion plans, the generation 3 platform, and capital allocation.  

Paul Hoffman

Managing Editor, Channelchek

Sources

https://ir.tesla.com/press-release/tesla-announces-date-2023-investor-day

https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/statements-releases/2022/09/14/fact-sheet-president-bidens-economic-plan-drives-americas-electric-vehicle-manufacturing-boom/

https://www.barrons.com/articles/tesla-cars-brand-rank-51674047645

Musk’s Twitter Drama is Fantastic Marketing

Image Credit: Mike Davis (Flickr)

“Twitter Files” May be With us For a While

The hashtag #TwitterFiles is trending on Twitter and is likely to be for some time to come. After Elon Musk released the first set of documents that strongly suggests wrongdoing by both political parties, agencies of the government, and perhaps even elected officials, Twitter founder and former CEO Jack Dorsey joined the discussion on the social media/microblogging site. Dorsey’s tweet suggested impatience with the method with which Musk is sharing what is discovered within the Twitter offices and files.  

Dorsey (@Jack) tweeted on Wednesday, “If the goal is transparency to build trust, why not just release everything without filter and let people judge for themselves?” He further tweeted, “Including all discussions around current and future actions? Make everything public now. #TwitterFiles.”

Elon Musk, who has promised to make Twitter more open tweeted back, “Most important data was hidden (from you too) and some may have been deleted, but everything we find will be released.”

The cause for Dorsey’s tweet may have been the result of learning that Jim Baker, a former FBI lawyer, was filtering documents released in the exposé. This was mentioned by Matt Taibbi the writer of the first installment of the “Twitter Files.” Taibbi suggested there is a delay in getting the second installment out because Baker was filtering documents to be released in the exposé, leading to the delay of the second batch of information. The journalist chosen to present the second installment of the Twitter files is named Bari Weiss.

Jim Baker has a reputation that includes distrust, and his name is often preceded by the word “disgraced [former FBI agent].” “The news that Baker was reviewing the ‘Twitter Files’ surprised everyone involved, to say the least,” Taibbi tweeted Tuesday night. ” Twitter chief Elon Musk acted quickly to ‘exit’ Baker Tuesday.”

Future installments are being compiled, according to Taibbi. “Reporters resumed searches through Twitter Files material — a lot of it — today,” he tweeted. “The next installment of ‘The Twitter Files’ will appear @bariweiss. Stay tuned.”

Does Jim Baker deserve to be scorned? Baker’s alleged involvement in the Twitter censorship of the Hunter Biden laptop in the final weeks of the 2020 presidential election has become a news story all its own, in a blog post by Jonathan Turley who is a constitutional law expert, Turley wrote a review titled “Six Degrees from James Baker: A Familiar Figure Reemerges With the Release of the Twitter Files.”

Was Dorsey involved in censorship? As for Dorsey’s level of involvement in censorship at Twitter before he was forced out, Taibbi referenced the former executive a number of times. “An amazing subplot of the Twitter/Hunter Biden laptop affair was how much was done without the knowledge of CEO Jack Dorsey, and how long it took for the situation to get ‘unf***ed’ (as one ex-employee put it) even after Dorsey jumped in,” Taibbi tweeted Friday.

“There are multiple instances in the files of Dorsey intervening to question suspensions and other moderation actions for accounts across the political spectrum,” Taibbi tweeted.

There is nothing better than drama to draw people to social media platforms. Musk’s open file policy is creating substantial drama and, for many, increased usage of Twitter. If Musk was to release the files all at once, as suggested by Jack Dorsey, the platform would have one large burst of activity and then settle down. The method he instead is using to share information includes assigning a journalist to unveil batches of documents, and this ought to keep the #TwitterFiles trending into 2023 and increase Twitter’s user base.

Paul Hoffman

Managing Editor, Channelchek

Sources

Jonathan Turley Blog

https://www.newsmax.com/newsfront/jack-dorsey-twitter-twitter-files/2022/12/07/id/1099552/?fbclid=IwAR2282nibsrSQorrtVo3q62HjZPFMps-usQ8PxbB6MlKINwT-100msznpA0

Jack Dorsey Tweet

Tesla May Buy Back Stock – What do Stock Buybacks Mean to Shareholders, Companies

Image Credit: Soly Moses (Pexels)

What, Why, How, Who, and When of Stock Buybacks

A certain EV Company may try to charge up its stock with a buyback.

Are stock buybacks good for companies, good for investors, and better than dividends? Last week, TESLA (TSLA) investors became excited about a tweet from founder Elon Musk that could suggest the company may bow to large shareholders and do a stock buyback. The implications for a company buying back shares and stockholders are many. Below you’ll find details on what the most typical considerations are and what it means from an investor’s standpoint.

What Is a Stock Buyback?

A stock buyback is when a public company uses cash in reserves or borrowed funds to buy shares of its own stock on the open market. A company may do this to consolidate ownership, preserve a higher stock price, boost financial ratios, work to reduce the cost of capital, or to return higher asset values to shareholders.

Investors find out when a public companies that has decided to do a stock buyback announces that the board of directors has passed a “repurchase authorization.” The amount authorized provides how much will be allocated or raised to buy back shares, or in some circumstances, the number of shares or percentage of shares outstanding it aims to purchase.

During the stock buyback, the company goes to the open market as any investor would and purchases shares of its stock in competition with other market participants. The added demand and later reduced shares available (float), puts upward pressure on the stock price. Stockholders then find their shares trade at a higher price than they would have. Shareholders are not obligated to sell their stock to the company, and a stock buyback doesn’t target any specific group of holders—retail and institutional all participate.

Public companies that have decided to do a stock buyback typically announce that the board of directors has passed a “repurchase authorization,” which details how much money will be allocated to buy back shares—or the number of shares or percentage of shares outstanding it aims to buy back.

Why Do a Stock Buyback?

The primary reason a company will buy back shares is to create value for its shareholders. Remember, fewer shares should cause those still being transacted in the open market to be trading at a higher price.

Boards of public companies’ primary responsibility are to look out for shareholders’ interests. At the top of this list is maximizing shareholder value. With this in mind, companies are always finding ways to generate the highest possible returns for their investors. This, at its most fundamental level, includes increasing the value of its stock and rewarding its investors. Buybacks and dividends work to maximize value for shareholders.

Declaring a dividend is the most direct method to return cash to shareholders; there are advantages to stock buybacks:

Tax efficiency – Dividend payments are taxed as income, whereas rising share values aren’t taxed at all. Any holders who sell their shares back to the company may recognize capital gains taxes, but shareholders who do not sell to reap the reward of a higher share value and no additional taxes until they decide when to cash in.

Directly boost share prices – The main goal of any share repurchase program is to deliver a higher share price. The board may feel that the company’s shares are undervalued, making it a good time to buy them. Meanwhile, investors may perceive a buyback as an expression of confidence by the management. After all, why would a company want to buy back stock it anticipates would decline in value?

More flexibility than dividends – Any company that initiates a new dividend or increases an existing dividend will need to continue making payments over the long term. That’s because they risk lower share values and unhappy investors if they reduce or eliminate the dividend going forward. Meanwhile, since share buybacks are one-offs, they are much more flexible tools for management.

Offset dilution – Growing companies may find themselves in a race to attract talent. If they issue stock options to retain employees, the options that are exercised over time increase the company’s total number of outstanding shares—and dilute existing shareholders. Buybacks are one way to offset this effect.

How is Value Impacted?

Key metrics investors and stock analysts use to value a public are impacted by a buyback. For example, cash is removed from a company’s balance sheet, and the number of shares trading is reduced.

Once a company has bought back its own shares, they are either canceled which reduces the number of shares available to trade (not just on the open market), or held by the company as treasury shares. These are not counted as outstanding shares, which has implications for many important measures of a company’s financial fundamentals.

Metrics important to investors, like earnings per share (EPS) are calculated by dividing a company’s profit by the number of outstanding shares. Mathematically, by reducing the number of outstanding shares, a higher EPS results as the quotient.

Price-to-earnings ratios (P/E ratio) are also mathematically improved as a higher price to the same earnings is desirable to shareholders. It helps investors measure a company’s relative valuation by comparing its stock price to its EPS.

Who Else Has Done a Buyback in 2022?

If Tesla does indeed get approval from its board of directors to buy back shares, it won’t be the only large company that has in 2022. Apple (AAPL) bought back 3.5% of its shares in May ($90 billion), Exxon (XOM) bought back 2.9% of its shares in February ($10 billion), Broadcom (AVGO) bought 4.3% of its shares in May, Cisco Systems (CSCO) bought 6.4% of its shares in February (6.4%), and Norfolk Southern purchased 14.6% of its shares ($10 billion) in March.

Data Source: Koyfin

When Might an Investor be Against a Buyback?

In some cases, a buyback may not be the best way for companies to build value for shareholders:

It may not be the best use of cash. Long-range growth and building future profits come from investing in company growth, not company stock. Stockholders may prefer, depending on available opportunities for the company and other variables, that the company take a longer-term view. Stock buybacks create quick price gains but may not be the best long-term use of cash. Also, cash for a potential unforeseen challenge to the company could be comforting to some investors, depending on the situation.  

When interest rates are low, companies increase their debt-financed share buybacks. In the years just prior to the pandemic, up to half of all buybacks were financed using the low-interest rates at the time. Below-average interest rates incentivized companies to borrow money to spend on share buybacks to boost stock prices. Depending on the scenario, this debt on the balance sheet may long-term weigh on shareholders.

Take Away

Profitable public companies may add value for investors through a stock buyback, also known as share buyback or share repurchase program.

If you are invested in Tesla or another company that may announce a share repurchase program, is this something to be happy about? As a rule, if a public company is profitable, has the cash to spare and its shares are relatively undervalued, then a buyback could be a positive, especially short term.

However, if the company is repurchasing shares of stock while it stymies future growth potential, it could cost long-term investors.

Paul Hoffman

Managing Editor, Channelchek

Sources

https://www.barrons.com/articles/tesla-stock-price-buyback-51665733744?noredirect=y

https://www.forbes.com/advisor/investing/stock-buyback/

https://www.investopedia.com/terms/s/sharerepurchase.asp

Musks Twitter Bid Raises Two Corporate Governance Questions

Source: Steve Jurvetson (Flickr)

Elon Musk Argues Twitter is Better off Without a Board of Directors – Is He Right?

After a wild ride, it looks like Elon Musk’s bid to buy Twitter will move ahead.

Twitter’s board of directors had sued the Tesla billionaire in July 2022 when Musk tried to terminate the US$44 billion deal. The board has yet to drop its lawsuit to force Musk to complete the buyout, while many parts have been thrown out.

The board has in fact been at the center of this saga since the beginning, when Musk launched his hostile takeover bid while criticizing board members for owning almost no shares of the company they oversee. Twitter founder Jack Dorsey called the board the “dysfunction of the company.”

This article was republished with permission from The Conversation, a news site dedicated to sharing ideas from academic experts. It represents the research-based findings and thoughts of Michael Withers, Associate Professor of Business, Texas A&M University, Steven Boivie, Professor of Management, Texas A&M University.

As experts on corporate governance, we believe this feud raised two important corporate governance questions: What purpose does a board of directors serve? And does it matter if a member owns company stock or not?

‘A Bad Board Will Kill’

“Good boards don’t create good companies, but a bad board will kill a company every time.”

Venture capitalist Fred Destin wrote that in 2018, citing what he called an “old Silicon Valley proverb.” The quote has been making the rounds on Twitter recently in light of Musk’s hostile bid. It even seemed to get a nod from Dorsey himself when he replied to a tweet containing the quote with “big facts.”

This tweet and the general conversation that has emerged have important implications for understanding boards and their role in shepherding a company.

Broadly speaking, a board’s most important roles include hiring, paying and monitoring the chief executive officer.

Academic research suggests that board members at large companies – who typically receive generous compensation packages – may be limited in their ability to perform these tasks effectively. In our work, we found that boards often find it impossible to conduct adequate monitoring and rein in wayward CEOs because there’s just so much information for modern boards to process with their limited time. And the social dynamics involved in the board also make it difficult for directors to speak up and oppose other directors.

In a separate study involving face-to-face interviews with directors, we were consistently told that directors take their board service seriously and operate with their companies’ best interests in mind. But they do so with an eye toward collaborating with the CEO and the rest of the executive team rather than serving as impartial observers, as their “independent” status suggests they should.

While our work didn’t focus on this, if the board and the CEO fundamentally disagree about the direction of company – which was often the case between Dorsey and the Twitter board – it would certainly be problematic and could lead to less than optimal decisions being made.

In other words, a board that isn’t functioning effectively can definitely destroy a company’s value. And some reporting suggests that’s what happened to Twitter, whose shares were trading at less than half their 2021 peak before Musk disclosed he had amassed a 9% ownership stake.

A Raider’s Lament

That brings us to the next question: Does not owning a significant stake in a company you oversee make it more likely that you’ll run it into the ground, as Musk seemed to suggest?

A few days after making his takeover offer on April 14, the billionaire, responding to a tweet showing how few shares Twitter board members own, posted that its directors’ “economic interests are simply not aligned with shareholders.”

Source: @ChrisJBlake (Twitter)

Musk’s arguments harked back to takeover bids from the 1980s in which activist investors – or “corporate raiders” – would argue that executives’ interests did not align with those of shareholders. As Gordon Gekko from the film “Wall Street” famously railed against executives of a business he wanted to take over, “Today, management has no stake in the company!”

Musk’s words echo Gekko’s “greed is good” speech, except in regard to independent directors, who comprise the vast majority of corporate boards. By definition, an independent or outside director is one who doesn’t hold an executive role in running the company, such as chief executive officer or chief financial officer.

In reality, Twitter’s board share ownership is very similar to that of other companies.

Independent Twitter directors held a median ownership stake of 0.003% as of May 2022. For comparison, we looked at equity ownership of independent directors of companies listed in the S&P 500 stock index in 2021. We found the median stake was less than 0.01%, and all but a handful of directors held less than 1% of the company’s stock. Median ownership at Musk’s company Tesla is similarly minuscule, at 0.23%.

Whether this makes a difference to a company’s success is hard to assess because research on the topic is rather sparse, in large part because board members have so little equity.

Mixed Research

Academic researchers on effective corporate governance in the 1970s argued that outside directors should avoid owning many shares in the companies they oversee to maintain objectivity. More recently, management scholars have suggested that higher stakes could provide a way to motivate directors to monitor management and make decisions more in line with shareholder interests.

Some researchers have found that boards with larger ownership stakes can improve a company’s operational performance and better align outside directors with the interests of shareholders.

But other work that examined multiple studies shows the impact of director stock ownership is mixed at best, with some studies suggesting higher stakes potentially lead to negative outcomes, such as excessive executive and director compensation.

Since the passage of the Sarbanes–Oxley Act of 2002 after massive accounting scandals at Enron, WorldCom and elsewhere, corporate governance issues such as board oversight have become increasingly important. This led to a number of changes intended to align the interests of managers and those of shareholders, including a focus on board independence and adjusting executive compensation.

Although our research shows boards are limited in their ability to monitor management, they’re still better than nothing.

In his original letter to shareholders announcing his bid, Musk vowed to “unlock” Twitter’s potential as a private company, without a public board. We may finally learn if he’s right.

Elon Musk’s Smoking New Product

Image Credit: DonkeyHotey (Flickr)

Elon Musk’s Hair-Brained Ideas are Very Marketable

If your last name was Musk and one of your companies created a perfume, what would you name it? Perhaps Eau de Elon, or S3XY, an outlandish guess would be Neurastink, or simply Elon’s Musk. Here’s a hint, Musk’s perfume is a product of The Boring Company, the company that builds tunnels to enable rapid point-to-point transportation. Before this fragrance thrower, the company’s only other product was a flame thrower. So naturally, the company decided to call their new perfume, Burnt Hair. And it has already sold $1,000,000 worth.

Image: The Boring Company

A bottle of what his company referred to as ‘the essence of repugnant desire,’ will set you back about Ð1,666 or $100 USD. That’s if you buy it online. There is now an Ebay aftermarket where resellers are looking to fetch up to Ð16,666 for the product that was only released this week – 10,000 bottles of Burnt Hair have already been sold as of Wednesday morning.

“Just like leaning over a candle at the dinner table, but without all the hard work” – Boring Company Website

Image: The Boring Company

When he’s not tunneling, launching rockets, reinventing things on four wheels, neuralinking, or tweeting, Musk does keep busy with other strokes of brilliance. Did you know that in 2020 Tesla (TSLA) launched its own brand of tequila? That year Tesla, the world’s most valuable automaker,  also offered limited edition satin short-shorts.

Image Credit: Tesla

It isn’t clear what the inspiration was for this new product entry; developing a perfume that has earned revenue of $1,000,000 within a couple of days of launch is quite a feat, although certainly easier than colonizing Mars, and buying a microblogging social media company. Two things on Musk’s To-Do list that he seems to have fallen behind on.  

The Boring Company product page doesn’t say whether the fragrance is a limited edition item – just in time for Halloween or a long-term offering from The Boring Company. Something more exciting than a company that usually just sells holes in the ground.

Paul Hofman

Managing Editor, Channechek

Sources

https://www.boringcompany.com/burnthair

https://www.reuters.com/lifestyle/oddly-enough/elon-musk-sells-1-million-worth-quirky-new-perfume-burnt-hair-2022-10-12/

https://twitter.com/elonmusk/status/ShortShorts

Musk, The Art of the Deal

OnInnovation (Flickr)

Musk Plans to Go Ahead with Original Price of $54.20 a Share

All successful businessmen have their own style of negotiating. Elon Musk is better known as a whiz-kid/idea-man than a wheeler-dealer negotiator. But, he didn’t become the wealthiest person on planet Earth without being a master persuader. There’s no telling how much the on-again, off-again deal to buy Twitter was a “chess match” the entrepreneur was playing to accomplish a goal. Or if he backed himself into a corner that he could not get out of. In the end, Twitter had initially been fighting hard not to be bought for 54.20 a share, Twitter later wound up suing to be taken private for $54.20 a share. Assuming the final deal is near, this is either masterful brilliance or a costly mistake for the entrepreneur.

Will the Musk Twitter Deal Finally be Consummated?

Elon Musk, according to multiple news outlets, wrote to Twitter on Tuesday and offered to follow through with the deal to buy the company. The terms were the same as the original offer by the billionaire. If this is the final chapter of the interplay between Musk, who heads several companies, and Twitter, it will end the seven-month-long legal saga. It will also be the only company Musk owns that he has not built from the ground up.

Not coming to an agreement now would be difficult. Musk and Twitter are scheduled to meet in a Delaware court on October 17 as Twitter is looking to force the billionaire to purchase the company for the same terms Musk is said to have proposed in his letter.

As of 2:30 on Tuesday, the shares of Twitter are up 12.67%. The price is 11.50% below Musk’s per-share offering price.

Key Details

Twitter accepted Musk’s unsolicited takeover bid on April 25, three weeks after the billionaire disclosed he purchased a 9.2% stake in the company. This followed a short period where Twitter employees and a number of advocacy groups with names like Stop the Deal campaigned to prevent the purchase.

Musk is a uses the microblogging social media platform to communicate with his 108 million followers. However, he loathes the platform’s content moderation policy and wishes to change it to a more open, less moderated social media site. This was the reason given to his followers as to why he’d buy Twitter, to “fix it.”

He later said he was backing out of his offer, the reason was his due diligence allegedly uncovered a large number of fake and spam accounts on Twitter. Elon formally requested to be let out of the deal on July 8, using the reason Twitter lowballed the number of bot accounts in its public filings.

Twitter sued Musk four days later and argued his reasons for backing out of the deal were invalid. The company filed at a state court in Delaware to force Musk to buy Twitter at the originally agreed-upon terms. As the trial date drew nearer, more revelations about both Twitter and Musk emerged. One high drama event was Musk’s lawyers suggesting his case was strengthened by a whistleblower complaint from Twitter’s former head of security. The complaint alleged the company knowingly misled regulators and investors about the number of bots on the site.

The suit, if it had proceeded in two weeks, may have gotten messy as Musk’s texts between himself and  public figures like Twitter co-founder Jack Dorsey, popular podcaster Joe Rogan, and Florida Governor DeSantis were to be part of the suit.

Other Impacted Stocks

Late afternoon on Tuesday, Tesla (TSLA) stock was trading 2.25% higher on the day but off its highs from before the news. Digital World Acquisition Corp., the SPAC that has agreed to merge with Trump Media and its platform, Truth Social, is down 3.16% on the day, having fallen sharply as word spread about Musk’s plans to buy Twitter.

Paul Hoffman

Managing Editor, Channelchek