In a historic move with far-reaching implications, President Joe Biden signed into law a bipartisan bill on Wednesday that gives Chinese company ByteDance one year to sell or spin off its wildly popular video app TikTok. Failure to comply would result in an outright ban of the app across the United States.
The new legislation marks a dramatic escalation in the ongoing tensions between Washington and Beijing over technology and national security. It thrusts TikTok into the center of a geopolitical tug-of-war that could reshape the internet landscape and social media as we know it.
“This is another front in the brewing US-China tech Cold War that started under the previous administration,” said Stephen Weymouth, a business professor at Georgetown University. “Congress is taking an increasingly aggressive regulatory stance that we haven’t seen before with tech companies.”
At the core of the issue are concerns from US officials that ByteDance, as a Chinese company, could be compelled to hand over TikTok’s data on American users or manipulate content on the influential platform at the behest of Beijing – allegations that TikTok has vehemently denied.
The new law sets the stage for a high-stakes game of brinksmanship between ByteDance and Washington over the next 12 months. The company now faces an agonizing decision: sell off TikTok’s US operations and bid farewell to one of the world’s most lucrative markets, or refuse to comply and risk getting booted out entirely.
“TikTok is going to fight tooth and nail. Banning or forcing a sale would be devastating for them and silence 170 million American voices,” a TikTok spokesperson warned after Biden’s signing. The company has signaled it plans to mount a vigorous legal challenge.
If ByteDance does opt to sell, finding an acceptable buyer could prove complicated. While some investors like former Trump official Steven Mnuchin have expressed interest, concerns remain over whether China would greenlight exporting TikTok’s prized algorithm that drives the addictive video feed.
Valued at potentially over $100 billion, any sale would rank among the largest tech deals ever and a huge windfall for ByteDance’s investors. But without the core technology, TikTok’s allure and price tag would plummet.
The implications extend far beyond just TikTok itself. A US ban could embolden others like India to follow suit and fracture the internet even further along geopolitical faultlines. It could also hasten a broader decoupling of technology supply chains away from China.
For the over 170 million American TikTok users and legions of influencers and businesses hosted on the app, it casts a pall of uncertainty. “Devastation” is how TikTok described the toll a potential ban could take.
In many respects, the TikTok fight has become a touchstone in the intensifying rivalry between the US and China for technological supremacy in the 21st century – with huge economic and security stakes.
“We hope TikTok can live on under new ownership outside China’s control,” said Senator Mark Warner, a key architect of the bill. “But one way or another, we cannot allow data security on Americans to be jeopardized by foreign adversary.”
With the clock now ticking for ByteDance, TikTok’s future in the US will be one of the biggest tech stories to watch over the coming year. Its fate could have far-reaching and lasting impacts on the internet we all use.
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