In a revolutionary move, El Salvador has solidified its place as a trailblazer in the world of cryptocurrency by announcing the regulatory approval and issuance of Bitcoin bonds, colloquially known as “Volcano Bonds.” Set to launch in the first quarter of 2024, these bonds represent a groundbreaking step towards financing the construction of “Bitcoin City,” a visionary project fueled by thermal energy from a volcano. As El Salvador continues to make waves in the crypto space, this article explores the intricacies of the Volcano Bonds and the broader implications for investors and the country’s economic landscape.
A Visionary Leap into Cryptocurrency
Led by President Nayib Bukele, El Salvador made history in 2021 by declaring Bitcoin as legal currency alongside the US dollar. The objective was to streamline remittances and enhance financial services accessibility for the 70 percent of Salvadorans lacking a traditional bank account. Despite this bold move, a May 2021 poll by the Central American University revealed that 71 percent of respondents believed Bitcoin had not positively impacted their family’s economic situation.
However, undeterred by public sentiment, El Salvador pressed on, guided by a vision that extended beyond mere adoption to the creation of a transformative “Bitcoin City” in the country’s eastern region. This city, powered by thermal energy harnessed from a volcano, aimed to be a beacon of innovation and sustainability.
The Volcano Bonds: Financing the Future
The Volcano Bonds, set to launch in early 2024, are instrumental in turning President Bukele’s vision into reality. Approved by the Digital Assets Commission (CNAD), these bonds represent a financial instrument designed to address sovereign debt obligations while providing the capital needed to construct Bitcoin City. With an allocation of at least $1 billion from the Volcano Bonds earmarked for the project, El Salvador is poised to create a technological marvel that showcases the synergy between cryptocurrency and sustainable development.
Building Bitcoin City: A Green Technological Marvel
Bitcoin City is more than just a construction project; it symbolizes El Salvador’s commitment to sustainable and innovative urban development. The use of thermal energy from a volcano not only underscores the country’s unique geographical advantages but also signals a departure from traditional energy sources, aligning with the global push for green initiatives.
As investors look toward the horizon, the construction of Bitcoin City becomes an intriguing prospect. The success of this project could potentially inspire similar endeavors worldwide, with governments and private entities exploring the integration of cryptocurrency in urban planning and development.
El Salvador’s Growing Bitcoin Holdings
To solidify its commitment to cryptocurrency, the Salvadoran government has steadily increased its Bitcoin holdings. Currently holding 2,381 bitcoins, the government’s latest purchase of 80 bitcoins in July 2022 reflects a strategic approach to accumulating this digital asset. President Bukele further announced a plan to acquire one bitcoin daily starting from November 17, 2022, although the government has not disclosed whether this target has been met.
This concerted effort to amass Bitcoin underscores El Salvador’s belief in the long-term value and potential of cryptocurrency. For investors, it signals a country actively diversifying its portfolio, adding a digital asset to its reserves in a strategic move that aligns with the evolving landscape of global finance.
The issuance of the Volcano Bonds is set to take place on the Bitfinex Securities Platform, a registered trading site for blockchain-based equities and bonds in El Salvador. This move not only streamlines the trading process but also marks a bridge between traditional financial systems and the burgeoning cryptocurrency landscape. It invites investors to participate in a novel financial instrument backed by the transformative power of blockchain technology.
Beyond Volcano Bonds: El Salvador’s Cryptocurrency Ventures
El Salvador’s foray into cryptocurrency extends beyond the Volcano Bonds. In a recent development, the country launched a $1 billion Bitcoin mining project in collaboration with Luxor Technology and Tether. Dubbed “Volcano Energy,” this initiative aims to establish a 241 MW generation park named in honor of the project, where Bitcoin mining will take center stage.
As El Salvador actively explores the potential of cryptocurrency in diverse sectors, investors keen on embracing the future of finance should keep a close eye on the country’s progressive initiatives. The Volcano Energy project, in particular, demonstrates the integration of Bitcoin mining with traditional energy infrastructure, offering a unique investment avenue for those looking to diversify within the cryptocurrency space.
Conclusion: Investing in El Salvador’s Cryptocurrency Odyssey
El Salvador’s journey into the world of Bitcoin bonds, Bitcoin City, and innovative cryptocurrency projects is not only historic but presents a unique investment landscape. As the Volcano Bonds come to fruition in the first quarter of 2024, investors have an opportunity to be part of a transformative chapter in the country’s economic history.
The success of Bitcoin City and other cryptocurrency initiatives in El Salvador could potentially pave the way for similar endeavors globally. Investors, whether seasoned cryptocurrency enthusiasts or those exploring the space for the first time, should closely monitor the developments in El Salvador. The “Bitcoin City” powered by a volcano is not just a symbol of technological advancement but a beacon for those seeking investment opportunities in the ever-evolving world of cryptocurrency. El Salvador’s cryptocurrency renaissance is unfolding, and investors have a front-row seat to witness the fusion of tradition and innovation in the heart of Central America.
Joe Gomes, Managing Director, Equity Research Analyst, Generalist , Noble Capital Markets, Inc.
Joshua Zoepfel, Research Associate, Noble Capital Markets, Inc.
Refer to the full report for the price target, fundamental analysis, and rating.
NobleCon19. Bit Digital CEO Sam Tabar presented at NobleCon19. Highlights included the discussion of diversification efforts and additional detail on the Bit Digital AI business. A rebroadcast is available at https://www.channelchek.com/videos/bit-digital-noblecon19-replay.
Diversification. The new Bit Digital AI business provides a non-correlated revenue source for the Company, significantly diversifying Bit Digital’s business. as we have mentioned in prior reports, Bit Digital AI provides specialized infrastructure to support generative artificial intelligence (“AI”) workstreams.
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*Analyst certification and important disclosures included in the full report. NOTE: investment decisions should not be based upon the content of this research summary. Proper due diligence is required before making any investment decision.
Company Secures Preferred Vendor Status for Bitcoin ATM Services to AATAC’s 50,000 Members
ATLANTA, Nov. 14, 2023 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) — Bitcoin Depot Inc. (“Bitcoin Depot” or the “Company”) (NASDAQ: BTM), a U.S.-based Bitcoin ATM operator and leading fintech company, today announced it has been named a preferred vendor with the AATAC, a national trade association of retailers, distributors, vendor suppliers and partners for the convenience store and retail industries. Bitcoin Depot is the first BTM company to have gained recognition as a preferred vendor for AATAC, strengthening Bitcoin Depot’s value proposition.
“Bitcoin Depot is proud to work with the AATAC as the association’s preferred BTM vendor, which introduces our company to AATAC’s 50,000 associated retailers nationwide,” said Bitcoin Depot CEO Brandon Mintz. “This is another milestone in our mission to bring Bitcoin to the masses.”
Bitcoin Depot is listed as a preferred ATM & Credit vendor on the AATAC website. The Company attended an AATAC trade show this year to meet with AATAC customers and members.
“We are thrilled to offer Bitcoin Depot’s services for our members,” said Ivy LaBrie, Operations Director at AATAC. “Our network of retailers represents an incomparable buying power, and we’re proud to connect them with quality, trusted companies such as Bitcoin Depot that will expand their service offerings.”
AATAC is a national association comprised of smaller buying groups, regional sub-chapters, independents, and other trade organizations under one blanket that consist of over 50,000 operators controlling over 80,000 locations across the U.S. and Puerto Rico. Currently, there are approximately 150,000 AATAC-associated C-stores in the country.
About Bitcoin Depot Bitcoin Depot Inc. (Nasdaq: BTM) was founded in 2016 with the mission to connect those who prefer to use cash to the broader, digital financial system. Bitcoin Depot provides its users with simple, efficient and intuitive means of converting cash into Bitcoin, which users can deploy in the payments, spending and investing space. Users can convert cash to Bitcoin at Bitcoin Depot’s kiosks and at thousands of name-brand retail locations through its BDCheckout product. The Company has the largest market share in North America with approximately 6,400 kiosk locations as of September 30, 2023. Learn more at www.bitcoindepot.com
About AATAC AATAC is a national association comprised of smaller buying groups, regional sub-chapters, independents, and other trade organizations under one blanket that consist of over 50,000 operators controlling over 80,000 locations across the U.S. and Puerto Rico.
Contacts:
Investors Cody Slach, Alex Kovtun Gateway Group, Inc. 949-574-3860 BTM@gateway-grp.com
Media Zach Kadletz, Brenlyn Motlagh, Ryan Deloney Gateway Group, Inc. 949-574-3860 BTM@gateway-grp.com
Net Income of $1.1 Million, Down 68% Year-over-Year
Adjusted EBITDA (non-GAAP) of $13.9 Million, Up 21% Year-over-Year
Reiterates Full Year 2023 Guidance for Revenue and Adjusted EBITDA
ATLANTA, Nov. 13, 2023 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) — Bitcoin Depot Inc. (“Bitcoin Depot” or the “Company”), a U.S.-based Bitcoin ATM operator and leading fintech company, today reported financial results for the third quarter ended September 30, 2023. Bitcoin Depot will host a conference call and webcast at 11:00 a.m. ET today. An earnings presentation and link to the webcast will be made available at ir.bitcoindepot.com.
“Our results this quarter continue to demonstrate the strength of our business model and how we’re able to deliver strong results irrespective of the market environment or price of Bitcoin,” said Brandon Mintz, CEO and Founder of Bitcoin Depot. “We’ve made significant progress in advancing our growth strategy and this quarter we continued to fortify our industry-leading position with sustained strength in customer traffic and transaction volume. We remain well-positioned to capitalize on potential expansion opportunities to become the most trusted, quickest and most efficient way to purchase Bitcoin with cash across the largest network of retail locations possible.”
Third Quarter 2023 Financial Results
Revenue in the third quarter of 2023 was $179.5 million, up 3% from $174.8 million for the third quarter of 2022.
Adjusted Gross Profit, a non-GAAP measure, in the third quarter of 2023 was $26.9 million, up 26% from $21.3 million for the third quarter of 2022. Adjusted Gross Profit margin (non-GAAP) in the third quarter of 2023 was 15.0% compared to 12.2% in the third quarter of 2022.
Total operating expenses were $19.5 million for the third quarter of 2023, compared to $16.5 million for the third quarter of 2022.
Net income for the third quarter of 2023 was $1.1 million, compared to a net income of $3.3 million for the third quarter of 2022 and a net loss of $4.0 million for the second quarter of 2023.
Adjusted EBITDA, a non-GAAP measure, in the third quarter of 2023 was $13.9 million, up 21% from the third quarter of 2022. Please see “Explanation and Reconciliation of Non-GAAP Financial Measures” below.
Cash and cash equivalents were $29.7 million as of the end of the third quarter of 2023.
Recent Business Highlights
Amended existing PIPE Agreement dated June 23, 2023 (the “PIPE Agreement”) to accelerate the five remaining Reference Periods (as defined in the PIPE Agreement) and set the Settlement Price (as defined in the PIPE Agreement) in connection with the consummation of the proposed private sale by the Subscribers of 3,475,000 shares of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock of the Company to certain third parties.
Announced a share repurchase program pursuant to which Bitcoin Depot is authorized to repurchase up to $10 million of its outstanding Class A common stock through June 30, 2024.
Expanded BDCheckout program into 400 new locations across Iowa and Louisiana through an ongoing partnership with a leading global payments technology company with a nationwide retail network. BDCheckout is now available at 246 total locations in Iowa across a variety of convenience store partners such as Kum & Go, Kwik Trip and Pilot Travel Centers. BDCheckout is also expanding into 166 locations in Louisiana.
Signed an exclusive retail partnership with Jacksons Food Stores, a nationally recognized chain of more than 300 convenience stores.
Hired a new Chief Technology Officer to lead software development efforts.
Guidance
Based on current market conditions, Bitcoin Depot expects consolidated revenue in 2023 to range between $700 million and $730 million, an 8% to 13% improvement compared to $647 million in 2022. Bitcoin Depot expects Adjusted EBITDA (non-GAAP) in 2023 to range between $56 million and $59 million compared to 2022 when Bitcoin Depot generated net income of $3.5 million and Adjusted EBITDA of $41 million, representing a 37% to 44% year-over-year increase in Adjusted EBITDA. For important disclosures about Adjusted EBITDA, see “Explanation and Reconciliation of Non-GAAP Financial Measures” below.
Conference Call
Bitcoin Depot will hold a conference call at 11:00 a.m., Eastern time (8:00 a.m. Pacific time), today to discuss its financial results for the third quarter ended September 30, 2023.
Call Date: Monday, November 13, 2023 Time: 11:00 a.m. Eastern time (8:00 a.m. Pacific time) U.S. dial-in: 646-307-1963 International dial-in: 800-715-9871 Conference ID: 8247570
The conference call will broadcast live and be available for replay here following the call.
Please call the conference telephone number approximately 10 minutes before the start time. An operator will register your name and organization. If you have any difficulty connecting with the conference call, please contact Bitcoin Depot’s investor relations team at 1-949-574-3860.
A replay of the call will be available beginning after 3:00 p.m. Eastern time on November 13, 2023 through November 20, 2023.
U.S. replay number: 609-800-9909 International replay number: 800-770-2030 Conference ID: 8247570
About Bitcoin Depot
Bitcoin Depot Inc. (Nasdaq: BTM) was founded in 2016 with the mission to connect those who prefer to use cash to the broader, digital financial system. Bitcoin Depot provides its users with simple, efficient and intuitive means of converting cash into Bitcoin, which users can deploy in the payments, spending and investing space. Users can convert cash to Bitcoin at Bitcoin Depot’s kiosks and at thousands of name-brand retail locations through its BDCheckout product. The Company has the largest market share in North America with approximately 6,400 kiosk locations as of September 30, 2023. Learn more at www.bitcoindepot.com.
This press release and any oral statements made in connection herewith include “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. Forward-looking statements are any statements other than statements of historical fact, and include, but are not limited to, statements regarding the expectations of plans, business strategies, objectives and growth and anticipated financial and operational performance, including our growth strategy and ability to increase deployment of our products and services, our ability to strengthen our financial profile, worldwide growth in the adoption and use of cryptocurrencies, and our guidance regarding our generation of revenue and Adjusted EBITDA for 2023. These forward-looking statements are based on management’s current beliefs, based on currently available information, as to the outcome and timing of future events. Forward-looking statements are often identified by words such as “anticipate,” “appears,” “approximately,” “believe,” “continue,” “could,” “designed,” “effect,” “estimate,” “evaluate,” “expect,” “forecast,” “goal,” “initiative,” “intend,” “may,” “objective,” “outlook,” “plan,” “potential,” “priorities,” “project,” “pursue,” “seek,” “should,” “target,” “when,” “will,” “would,” or the negative of any of those words or similar expressions that predict or indicate future events or trends or that are not statements of historical matters, although not all forward-looking statements contain such identifying words. In making these statements, we rely upon assumptions and analysis based on our experience and perception of historical trends, current conditions, and expected future developments, as well as other factors we consider appropriate under the circumstances. We believe these judgments are reasonable, but these statements are not guarantees of any future events or financial results. These forward-looking statements are provided for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to serve as, and must not be relied on by any investor as, a guarantee, an assurance, a prediction or a definitive statement of fact or probability. Actual events and circumstances are difficult or impossible to predict and will differ from assumptions. Many actual events and circumstances are beyond our control.
These forward-looking statements are subject to a number of risks and uncertainties, including changes in domestic and foreign business, market, financial, political and legal conditions; failure to realize the anticipated benefits of the business combination; risks relating to the uncertainty of our projected financial information; future global, regional or local economic and market conditions; the development, effects and enforcement of laws and regulations; our ability to manage future growth; our ability to develop new products and services, bring them to market in a timely manner and make enhancements to our platform; the effects of competition on our future business; our ability to issue equity or equity-linked securities; the outcome of any potential litigation, government and regulatory proceedings, investigations and inquiries; and those factors described or referenced in filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission. If any of these risks materialize or our assumptions prove incorrect, actual results could differ materially from the results implied by these forward-looking statements. There may be additional risks that we do not presently know or that we currently believe are immaterial that could also cause actual results to differ from those contained in the forward-looking statements. In addition, forward-looking statements reflect our expectations, plans or forecasts of future events and views as of the date of this press release. We anticipate that subsequent events and developments will cause our assessments to change.
We caution readers not to place undue reliance on forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements speak only as of the date they are made, and we undertake no obligation to update publicly or otherwise revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events, or other factors that affect the subject of these statements, except where we are expressly required to do so by law. All written and oral forward-looking statements attributable to us are expressly qualified in their entirety by this cautionary statement.
Explanation and Reconciliation of Non-GAAP Financial Measures
Bitcoin Depot reports its financial results in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”). This press release includes both historical and projected Adjusted EBITDA, Adjusted Gross Profit, and certain ratios and other metrics derived therefrom such as Adjusted EBITDA margin and Adjusted Gross Profit margin, which are not prepared in accordance with GAAP.
Bitcoin Depot defines Adjusted EBITDA as net income before interest expense, income tax expense, depreciation and amortization, non-recurring expenses, stock-based compensation, expenses related to the PIPE financing and miscellaneous cost adjustments. Such items are excluded from Adjusted EBITDA because these items are non-cash in nature, or because the amount and timing of these items is unpredictable, not driven by core results of operations and renders comparisons with prior periods and competitors less meaningful. In addition, Bitcoin Depot defines Adjusted Gross Profit (a non-GAAP financial measure) as revenue less cost of revenue (excluding depreciation and amortization) and depreciation and amortization adjusted to add back depreciation and amortization. Bitcoin Depot believes Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted Gross Profit each provide useful information to investors and others in understanding and evaluating Bitcoin Depot’s results of operations, as well as provide a useful measure for period-to-period comparisons of Bitcoin Depot’s business performance. Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted Gross Profit are each key measurements used internally by management to make operating decisions, including those related to operating expenses, evaluate performance and perform strategic and financial planning. However, you should be aware that Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted Gross Profit are not measures of financial performance calculated in accordance with GAAP and may exclude items that are significant in understanding and assessing Bitcoin Depot’s financial results, and further, that Bitcoin Depot may incur future expenses similar to those excluded when calculating these measures. Bitcoin Depot primarily relies on GAAP results and uses both Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted Gross Profit on a supplemental basis. Neither Adjusted EBITDA or Adjusted Gross Profit should be considered in isolation from, or as an alternative to, net income, cash flows from operations or other measures of profitability, liquidity or performance under GAAP and may not be indicative of Bitcoin Depot’s historical or future operating results. Bitcoin Depot’s computation of both Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted Gross Profit may not be comparable to other similarly titled measures computed by other companies because not all companies calculate such measures in the same fashion. As such, undue reliance should not be placed on such measures.
Due to the high variability and difficulty in making accurate forecasts and projections of some of the information excluded from the projections of Adjusted EBITDA, together with some of the excluded information not being ascertainable or accessible, Bitcoin Depot is unable to quantify certain amounts that would be required to be included in the most directly comparable GAAP financial measures without unreasonable effort. Consequently, no disclosure of estimated comparable GAAP measures is included and no reconciliation of the forward-looking non-GAAP financial measures is included.
The following table presents a reconciliation of revenue to Adjusted EBITDA for the periods indicated:
Contacts:
Investors Cody Slach, Alex Kovtun Gateway Group, Inc. 949-574-3860 BTM@gateway-grp.com
Media Zach Kadletz, Brenlyn Motlagh, Ryan Deloney Gateway Group, Inc. 949-574-3860 BTM@gateway-grp.com
ATLANTA, Nov. 09, 2023 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) — Bitcoin Depot Inc. (“Bitcoin Depot” or the “Company”) (NASDAQ: BTM), a U.S.-based Bitcoin ATM operator and leading fintech company, today announced its partnership with CORD Financial Services, LLC (CORD), a leading provider of innovative ATM solutions, to distribute Bitcoin Depot kiosks across the U.S.
CORD and Bitcoin Depot will secure Bitcoin ATM placements within CORD’s established base of customers and to customers new to CORD. In addition to now offering Bitcoin ATM services, CORD is a leader in the ATM Services Business, offering full-service ATM placements, cash management, transaction processing, merchant services, ATM equipment, sales, and 24/7 customer and technical support.
“This partnership will allow Bitcoin Depot to expand our retail locations while leveraging CORD’s expertise and customer relationships in the ATM industry,” said Bitcoin Depot CEO Brandon Mintz. “CORD has an impressive history of reliable ATM services and a demonstrated mastery of the conventional ATM space. We look forward to leveraging their relationship network and brand awareness to drive additional placement opportunities for our business.”
“Our mission is to deliver comprehensive ATM business solutions with the highest value and professional integrity,” said CORD Financial President Kenneth Gilbert. “Bitcoin Depot is the ideal partner to advance that objective, and we look forward to bringing a financial technology-driven Bitcoin ATM solution to our customer base.”
The combination of CORD’s robust infrastructure and network positions them as a fitting partner for distributing Bitcoin Depot’s state-of-the-art Bitcoin ATMs to the market, broadening Bitcoin Depot’s mission of bringing Bitcoin to the masses.
About Bitcoin Depot Bitcoin Depot (Nasdaq: BTM) was founded in 2016 with the mission to connect those who prefer to use cash to the broader, digital financial system. Bitcoin Depot provides its users with simple, efficient and intuitive means of converting cash into Bitcoin, which users can deploy in the payments, spending and investing space. Users can convert cash to Bitcoin at Bitcoin Depot’s kiosks and at thousands of name-brand retail locations in 48 U.S. states through its BDCheckout product. The Company has the largest market share in North America with approximately 6,400 kiosk locations as of June 30, 2023. Learn more at www.bitcoindepot.com.
About Cord Financial: CORD Financial Services is a leading provider of innovative ATM solutions, products, and services that support merchants with responsive, knowledgeable, and caring people. CORD offers full -service ATM placements, cash management, ATM transaction processing, ATM equipment sales, ATM parts, and outstanding 24/7 customer and technical support.
Contacts:
Investors Cody Slach, Alex Kovtun Gateway Group, Inc. 949-574-3860 BTM@gateway-grp.com
Media Zach Kadletz, Brenlyn Motlagh, Ryan Deloney Gateway Group, Inc. 949-574-3860 BTM@gateway-grp.com
ATLANTA, Oct. 30, 2023 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) — Bitcoin Depot Inc. (“Bitcoin Depot” or the “Company”), a U.S.-based Bitcoin ATM operator and leading fintech company, will hold a conference call and live audio webcast on Monday, November 13th at 11:00 a.m. Eastern time (8:00 a.m. Pacific Time) to discuss its financial results for the third quarter ended September 30, 2023. Bitcoin Depot plans to release results before the market open on the same day.
Call Date: Monday, November 13, 2023 Time: 11:00 a.m. Eastern time (8:00 a.m. Pacific time) U.S. dial-in: 646-307-1963 International dial-in: 800-715-9871 Conference ID: 8247570
The conference call will broadcast live and be available for replay here following the call.
Please call the conference telephone number approximately 10 minutes before the start time. An operator will register your name and organization. If you have any difficulty connecting with the conference call, please contact Bitcoin Depot’s investor relations team at 1-949-574-3860.
A replay of the call will be available beginning after 3:00 p.m. Eastern time on November 13, 2023 through November 20, 2023.
U.S. replay number: 609-800-9909 International replay number: 800-770-2030 Conference ID: 8247570
About Bitcoin Depot Bitcoin Depot Inc. (Nasdaq: BTM) was founded in 2016 with the mission to connect those who prefer to use cash to the broader, digital financial system. Bitcoin Depot provides its users with simple, efficient and intuitive means of converting cash into Bitcoin, which users can deploy in the payments, spending and investing space. Users can convert cash to Bitcoin at Bitcoin Depot’s kiosks and at thousands of name-brand retail locations through its BDCheckout product. The Company has the largest market share in North America with approximately 6,400 kiosk locations as of June 30, 2023. Learn more at www.bitcoindepot.com.
Contacts:
Investors Cody Slach, Alex Kovtun Gateway Group, Inc. 949-574-3860 BTM@gateway-grp.com
Media Zach Kadletz, Brenlyn Motlagh, Ryan Deloney Gateway Group, Inc. 949-574-3860 BTM@gateway-grp.com
In a recent rally, Bitcoin briefly surpassed the $35,000 mark, marking a significant milestone not seen since May 2022. This resurgence has breathed new life into the world’s foremost cryptocurrency and left many wondering if Bitcoin is poised for a remarkable comeback.
A Rally of Remarkable Proportions:
The year 2023 has unfolded with tremendous vigor for Bitcoin enthusiasts. The cryptocurrency has ascended over 100% since the year’s inception, igniting optimism among investors and speculators alike. This remarkable rally could, in part, be attributed to a phenomenon known as a “short squeeze.” In essence, some investors who had bet against Bitcoin found themselves in a precarious position, compelled to buy Bitcoin to cover their short positions, thus driving its price higher.
Short Liquidations and Regulatory Hopes:
A staggering $167 million in short liquidations, predominantly on offshore exchanges, serves as evidence of the short squeeze’s impact. However, the Bitcoin market’s dynamics extend beyond short-term speculation. The recent decision by the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) not to appeal a ruling in Grayscale’s lawsuit has sparked optimism in the cryptocurrency community. The hope is that this decision could pave the way for the approval of a Bitcoin-related exchange-traded fund (ETF) in the coming months. Momentum has been building as firms vying for a Bitcoin ETF updated their filings, and prominent investors such as Ark’s Cathie Wood and Galaxy’s Mike Novogratz have highlighted a shift in the SEC’s tone. The regulatory body appears to be engaging more positively with the cryptocurrency industry, increasing the odds of a Bitcoin ETF receiving the green light.
The Significance of a Bitcoin ETF:
A Bitcoin ETF would represent a pivotal development for both seasoned and novice investors. It would provide a structured and regulated way for individuals to gain exposure to Bitcoin’s price movements without the need to directly own the cryptocurrency. Such an ETF could bridge the gap between traditional financial markets and the digital asset realm, further legitimizing Bitcoin as a viable investment.
Bitcoin’s Checkered History:
To understand the significance of this potential resurgence, it’s crucial to reflect on Bitcoin’s journey. Since its inception in 2009, Bitcoin has weathered numerous storms, experiencing extreme volatility and wild price swings. It reached its all-time high of nearly $65,000 in April 2021 before experiencing a sharp decline.
Regulatory Scrutiny and Industry Challenges:
Bitcoin and the broader cryptocurrency industry have faced increasing regulatory scrutiny in recent years. The high-profile FTX bankruptcy case and Terraform’s legal troubles, where they are charged with defrauding investors, serve as stark reminders of the challenges the industry faces. Furthermore, the SEC has been actively cracking down on cryptocurrency companies. Firms like Coinbase and Ripple are currently embroiled in legal battles with the SEC, accused of violating securities laws. These legal skirmishes, along with others in the crypto space, have underscored the pressing need for regulatory clarity in the United States. As the industry navigates these challenges, the question that looms is whether Bitcoin is indeed primed for a resurgence. The recent rally, the prospects of a Bitcoin ETF, and the evolving regulatory landscape all point to a cryptocurrency with the potential for a triumphant return, promising exciting times ahead for Bitcoin enthusiasts and investors.
Cryptocurrency exchange Coinbase is increasingly confident that a bitcoin exchange-traded fund (ETF) will soon be approved by the US Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), following the regulator’s recent court loss blocking Grayscale’s bitcoin fund from becoming an ETF.
Paul Grewal, Coinbase’s chief legal officer, told CNBC that the company is “quite hopeful” that pending bitcoin ETF applications will now be approved by the SEC. He highlighted that they should be granted under the law, referring to the Appeals Court ruling that the SEC had no basis to deny Grayscale’s bid to convert its Grayscale Bitcoin Trust (GBTC) into an ETF.
The SEC decided last week not to appeal that court decision, likely clearing the path for a bitcoin ETF to be greenlit in the coming months. While Grewal did not give a timeline, he expressed confidence the SEC will now approve a bitcoin ETF application soon since it cannot arbitrarily reject them following its court loss.
A bitcoin ETF would allow mainstream investors to gain exposure to the cryptocurrency through investing in the fund, without having to directly purchase and hold bitcoin. This could benefit crypto exchanges like Coinbase which are commonly held assets in portfolios aiming to give investors crypto exposure.
However, Grayscale still faces some challenges converting its popular GBTC fund into an ETF. Its parent company Digital Currency Group (DCG), along with Genesis Trading and Gemini crypto exchange, were recently accused in a lawsuit by New York’s attorney general of defrauding investors to the tune of over $1 billion.
Nevertheless, Grewal sounded positive that additional bitcoin ETF products will be coming online soon as the SEC complies with court rulings requiring it to evaluate ETF applications neutrally, solely based on their merits.
Bitcoin has stealthily risen around 72% so far this year, recovering strongly after huge declines in 2022. Driving this comeback is renewed investor interest thanks to expectations of fewer Fed interest rate hikes, and hype building ahead of bitcoin’s next “halving” event in 2024 which will reduce bitcoin mining rewards by 50%, constricting supply.
However, crypto trading volumes have declined recently, as retail investors remain gun-shy after massive crashes of large players like FTX, BlockFi and Three Arrows Capital. The collapses have bred distrust of centralized crypto intermediaries.
Grewal expressed encouragement that “bad actors” in crypto like FTX are being held criminally accountable for alleged multibillion dollar fraud. He believes this will renew consumer interest in cryptocurrency investments.
FTX filed for bankruptcy last year amid a liquidity crunch after investors fled the platform over concerns on its financial stability. Its founder Sam Bankman-Fried was criminally charged by US prosecutors over allegations he defrauded FTX customers and investors out of billions. Bankman-Fried has pleaded not guilty and is currently facing trial.
While the crypto winter persists, Grewal foresees developments on the horizon that will entice investors back into digital assets. The expected approval of a bitcoin ETF could be one catalyst. With blue chip financial giants like Fidelity Investments, CME Group and others applying for bitcoin ETFs, credibility could be lent to crypto as an asset class.
As bitcoin and the broader crypto industry aim to rebuild trust, regulators are focused on rooting out bad actors and holding companies to account for violating securities laws. This could pave the way for institutional investors to gain comfort with crypto, with an ETF providing easy exposure.
If the SEC delivers on expectations and approves a bitcoin ETF application in 2023, it would cap a multi-year effort by the industry and represent a major milestone in mainstream acceptance of cryptocurrencies. For exchanges like Coinbase seeking to broaden their client bases, it could provide a crucial on-ramp for the next generation of crypto investors.
ATLANTA, Oct. 04, 2023 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) — Bitcoin Depot Inc. (“Bitcoin Depot” or the “Company”), a U.S.-based Bitcoin ATM operator and leading fintech company, today announced the execution of an amendment (the “Amendment”) to the PIPE Agreement dated June 23, 2023 (the “PIPE Agreement”) between the Company, certain of its subsidiaries and the subscribers thereto (the “Subscribers”). Pursuant to the Amendment and upon the closing of the private sale by the Subscribers of all of their shares of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock of the Company (the “Series A Preferred”) as discussed below, all Reference Periods (as defined in the PIPE Agreement) will be pulled forward and the economic arrangements set forth in the forward agreement provisions in the PIPE Agreement settled in full based on the net price in the private sale. The Company will receive a small payment in connection with the settlement of the Reference Periods.
In addition, certain institutional investors, including AWM Investment Company, Inc., the investment adviser of the Special Situations Funds, have agreed to purchase an aggregate of 3,475,000 Series A Preferred beneficially owned by the Subscribers (the “Preferred Sale”) in a private transaction. The Series A Preferred are convertible at the option of the holders into Class A Common Stock at an exchange ratio of 1:1. The Company will not receive any proceeds from the Preferred Sale.
This press release shall not constitute an offer to sell or the solicitation of an offer to buy, nor shall there be any sale of these securities in any state or jurisdiction in which such offer, solicitation, or sale would be unlawful prior to registration or qualification under the securities law of any such state or jurisdiction.
About Bitcoin Depot
Bitcoin Depot Inc. (Nasdaq: BTM) was founded in 2016 with the mission to connect those who prefer to use cash to the broader, digital financial system. Bitcoin Depot provides its users with simple, efficient and intuitive means of converting cash into Bitcoin, which users can deploy in the payments, spending and investing space. Users can convert cash to Bitcoin at Bitcoin Depot’s kiosks and at thousands of name-brand retail locations in 48 U.S. states through its BDCheckout product. The Company has the largest market share in North America with approximately 6,400 kiosk locations as of June 30, 2023. Learn more at www.bitcoindepot.com.
This press release and any oral statements made in connection herewith include “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Exchange Act. Forward-looking statements are any statements other than statements of historical fact, and include, but are not limited to, statements regarding the expectations of plans, business strategies, objectives and growth and anticipated financial and operational performance, including our growth strategy and ability to increase deployment of our products and services, the anticipated effects of the Amendment, and the closing of the Preferred Sale. These forward-looking statements are based on management’s current beliefs, based on currently available information, as to the outcome and timing of future events. Forward-looking statements are often identified by words such as “anticipate,” “appears,” “approximately,” “believe,” “continue,” “could,” “designed,” “effect,” “estimate,” “evaluate,” “expect,” “forecast,” “goal,” “initiative,” “intend,” “may,” “objective,” “outlook,” “plan,” “potential,” “priorities,” “project,” “pursue,” “seek,” “should,” “target,” “when,” “will,” “would,” or the negative of any of those words or similar expressions that predict or indicate future events or trends or that are not statements of historical matters, although not all forward-looking statements contain such identifying words. In making these statements, we rely upon assumptions and analysis based on our experience and perception of historical trends, current conditions, and expected future developments, as well as other factors we consider appropriate under the circumstances. We believe these judgments are reasonable, but these statements are not guarantees of any future events or financial results. These forward-looking statements are provided for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to serve as, and must not be relied on by any investor as, a guarantee, an assurance, a prediction or a definitive statement of fact or probability. Actual events and circumstances are difficult or impossible to predict and will differ from assumptions. Many actual events and circumstances are beyond our control.
These forward-looking statements are subject to a number of risks and uncertainties, including changes in domestic and foreign business, market, financial, political and legal conditions; failure to realize the anticipated benefits of the business combination; future global, regional or local economic and market conditions; the development, effects and enforcement of laws and regulations; our ability to manage future growth; our ability to develop new products and services, bring them to market in a timely manner and make enhancements to our platform; the effects of competition on our future business; our ability to issue equity or equity-linked securities; the outcome of any potential litigation, government and regulatory proceedings, investigations and inquiries; and those factors described or referenced in filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission. If any of these risks materialize or our assumptions prove incorrect, actual results could differ materially from the results implied by these forward-looking statements. There may be additional risks that we do not presently know or that we currently believe are immaterial that could also cause actual results to differ from those contained in the forward-looking statements. In addition, forward-looking statements reflect our expectations, plans or forecasts of future events and views as of the date of this press release. We anticipate that subsequent events and developments will cause our assessments to change.
We caution readers not to place undue reliance on forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements speak only as of the date they are made, and we undertake no obligation to update publicly or otherwise revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events, or other factors that affect the subject of these statements, except where we are expressly required to do so by law. All written and oral forward-looking statements attributable to us are expressly qualified in their entirety by this cautionary statement.
Contacts:
Investors Cody Slach, Alex Kovtun Gateway Group, Inc. 949-574-3860 BTM@gateway-grp.com
Media Zach Kadletz, Brenlyn Motlagh, Ryan Deloney Gateway Group, Inc. 949-574-3860 BTM@gateway-grp.com
ATLANTA, Sept. 22, 2023 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) — Bitcoin Depot Inc. (“Bitcoin Depot” or the “Company”), a U.S.-based Bitcoin ATM operator and leading fintech company, today announced that its Board of Directors has authorized a share repurchase program pursuant to which the Company is authorized to repurchase up to $10 million of outstanding shares of its Class A common stock beginning immediately and continuing through and including June 30, 2024.
Pursuant to the authorization, repurchases may be made from time to time using a variety of methods, including open market purchases, privately negotiated transactions or by other means in accordance with U.S. securities laws and regulations, including pursuant to Rule 10b-18 and under plans intended to qualify under Rule 10b5-1 of the U.S. Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”). The timing and total amount of share repurchases will be determined by the Company at its discretion and will depend upon a variety of factors, including business, economic and market conditions, corporate and regulatory requirements, management’s assessment of the intrinsic value of the Company’s Class A common stock, available liquidity, compliance with the Company’s debt and other agreements and prevailing stock prices. The exact dollar amount or number of shares to be repurchased by the Company is not guaranteed, and the program may be suspended, modified, or discontinued at any time without prior notice. The Company expects to fund repurchases with cash on hand and cash provided by operations.
About Bitcoin Depot Bitcoin Depot Inc. (Nasdaq: BTM) was founded in 2016 with the mission to connect those who prefer to use cash to the broader, digital financial system. Bitcoin Depot provides its users with simple, efficient and intuitive means of converting cash into Bitcoin, which users can deploy in the payments, spending and investing space. Users can convert cash to Bitcoin at Bitcoin Depot’s kiosks and at thousands of name-brand retail locations in 48 U.S. states through its BDCheckout product. The Company has the largest market share in North America with approximately 6,400 kiosk locations as of June 30, 2023. Learn more at www.bitcoindepot.com.
This press release and any oral statements made in connection herewith include “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Exchange Act. Forward-looking statements are any statements other than statements of historical fact, and include, but are not limited to, statements regarding the expectations of plans, business strategies, objectives and growth and anticipated financial and operational performance, including our growth strategy and ability to increase deployment of our products and services and our proposed share repurchase program and the projected timing, purchase price and number of shares purchased under such program, if at all. These forward-looking statements are based on management’s current beliefs, based on currently available information, as to the outcome and timing of future events. Forward-looking statements are often identified by words such as “anticipate,” “appears,” “approximately,” “believe,” “continue,” “could,” “designed,” “effect,” “estimate,” “evaluate,” “expect,” “forecast,” “goal,” “initiative,” “intend,” “may,” “objective,” “outlook,” “plan,” “potential,” “priorities,” “project,” “pursue,” “seek,” “should,” “target,” “when,” “will,” “would,” or the negative of any of those words or similar expressions that predict or indicate future events or trends or that are not statements of historical matters, although not all forward-looking statements contain such identifying words. In making these statements, we rely upon assumptions and analysis based on our experience and perception of historical trends, current conditions, and expected future developments, as well as other factors we consider appropriate under the circumstances. We believe these judgments are reasonable, but these statements are not guarantees of any future events or financial results. These forward-looking statements are provided for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to serve as, and must not be relied on by any investor as, a guarantee, an assurance, a prediction or a definitive statement of fact or probability. Actual events and circumstances are difficult or impossible to predict and will differ from assumptions. Many actual events and circumstances are beyond our control.
These forward-looking statements are subject to a number of risks and uncertainties, including changes in domestic and foreign business, market, financial, political and legal conditions; failure to realize the anticipated benefits of the business combination; future global, regional or local economic and market conditions; the development, effects and enforcement of laws and regulations; our ability to manage future growth; our ability to develop new products and services, bring them to market in a timely manner and make enhancements to our platform; the effects of competition on our future business; our ability to issue equity or equity-linked securities; the outcome of any potential litigation, government and regulatory proceedings, investigations and inquiries; and those factors described or referenced in filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission. If any of these risks materialize or our assumptions prove incorrect, actual results could differ materially from the results implied by these forward-looking statements. There may be additional risks that we do not presently know or that we currently believe are immaterial that could also cause actual results to differ from those contained in the forward-looking statements. In addition, forward-looking statements reflect our expectations, plans or forecasts of future events and views as of the date of this press release. We anticipate that subsequent events and developments will cause our assessments to change.
We caution readers not to place undue reliance on forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements speak only as of the date they are made, and we undertake no obligation to update publicly or otherwise revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events, or other factors that affect the subject of these statements, except where we are expressly required to do so by law. All written and oral forward-looking statements attributable to us are expressly qualified in their entirety by this cautionary statement.
Contacts:
Investors Cody Slach, Alex Kovtun Gateway Group, Inc. 949-574-3860 BTM@gateway-grp.com
Media Zach Kadletz, Brenlyn Motlagh, Ryan Deloney Gateway Group, Inc. 949-574-3860 BTM@gateway-grp.com
Bitcoin and Ethereum had a bad day. After gaining a lot of upward momentum from late June after Blackrock, Fidelity, and Invesco filed to create bitcoin-related exchange traded funds (ETFs), the volatile assets have shown cryptocurrency investors that the bumpy ride is not yet over. What’s causing it this time? Fortunately, it is not fraud or wrongdoing creating the turbulence. Instead, three factors external to the business of trading, mining, or exchanging digital assets are at work.
Background
On Thursday, August 17, and accelerating on August 18, the largest cryptocurrencies dropped precipitously. Bitcoin even broke down and fell below the psychologically important $26,000 US dollar price level before bouncing. While some are pointing to CME options expiration on the third Friday of each month, most are pointing to a Wall Street Journal article, and blaming Elon Musk, as the reason the asset class was nudged off a small cliff. There are other less highlighted, but important, catalysts that added to the flash-crash; these, along with the WSJ story, will be explained below.
Smells like Musk
What could SpaceX, the company owned and run by Elon Musk, possibly have to do with a crypto selloff? On Thursday, the crypto market had a downward spike around 5 PM ET. It was just after the Wall Street Journal revealed a change in the accounting valuation of SpaceX’s crypto assets. Reportedly, SpaceX marked down the value of its bitcoin assets by a substantial $373 million over the past two years. Additionally, the company has executed on crypto asset divestitures as well. When the reduction took place is uncertain, but cryptocurrency holdings have been reduced both in terms of the amount of coins and the value each coin is held for on the books.
Elon Musk’s reputation is that of a forward thinker, and one that embraces, if not leads, technology. He has significant influence over cryptocurrency valuations, often instigating pronounced market fluctuations brought about by Musk’s influential posts on his social media company, X. The reduction coincides with a similar crypto reduction on the books of publicly held, Musk-led, Tesla (TSLA). The electric car manufacturer had previously disclosed in its annual earnings report that it had liquidated 75% of its bitcoin reserves.
While it should not be surprising that two companies stepped away from speculation on something unrelated to their business or lowered support for the still young blockchain technology, it gave a reason for a reaction to this and other festering dynamics.
Wary of Gary
The Chairman of the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), Gary Gensler, is viewed as a “Whack-a Mole” to crypto stakeholders that prefer more autonomy than regulation. Every time the SEC gets knocked down as a potential regulator, it resurfaces, and crypto businesses have to deal with the agency again.
Last month, Judge Analisa Torres made a pivotal decision in a case involving payment company Ripple Labs and the Commission. Her verdict declared that a substantial portion of sales of the token XRP did not fall under the category of securities transactions. The SEC claimed it was a security. This judgement was hailed as a triumph for the crypto sector and catalyzed an impressive 20% uptick in the exchange Coinbase’s stock in a single day.
On the same Thursday as the WSJ article, the SEC showed its face again with a strong response to the earlier ruling. Judge Torres allowed the SEC’s request for an “interlocutory” appeal on her ruling. This process will involve the SEC presenting its motion, followed by Ripple’s counterarguments. This is slated to continue until mid-September. Afterward, the Judge will determine whether the agency can effectively challenge her token classification ruling in an appellate court.
The still young asset class, its exchange methods, valuation, and usage techniques, once they are more clearly defined, will serve to add stability and reduce risk and shocks in crypto and the surrounding businesses. The longer the legal system and regulatory entities take, including Congress, the longer it will take for cryptocurrencies to find the more settled mainstream place in the markets they desire.
Rate Spate
The eighteen-month-long spate of rate hikes in the U.S. and across the globe is providing an alternative investment choice instead of what are viewed as riskier assets. Coincidentally, again on Thursday, August 17, the ten-year US Treasury Note hit a yield higher than the markets have experienced in 12 years. At 4.31%, investors can lock in a known annual return for ten years that exceeds the current and projected inflation rate.
Take Away
The volatility in the crypto asset class has been dramatic – not for the weak-stomached investor. On the same day in August, three unrelated events together helped cause the asset class to spike down. These include an article in a top business news publication indicating that one of the world’s most recognized cryptocurrency advocates has reduced bitcoin’s exposure to his companies. The SEC being granted a rematch in a landmark case that it had recently lost, where the earlier outcome gave no provision for the SEC to treat cryptocurrencies like a security. And rounding out the triad of events on crypto’s throttleback Thursday, yields are up across the curve to levels not seen in a dozen years. Investor’s seeking a place to reduce risk can now provide themselves with interest payments in excess of inflation.
But despite the ups and downs, bitcoin is up 56.7% year-to-date, 11.1% over the past 12 months, 110.5% over three years, 300% over five years, and astronomical amounts over longer periods. Related companies like bitcoin miners, crypto exchanges, and blockchain companies have also experienced growth similar to that found in few other industries over the past decade.
The SEC May be Poised to Become more Accommodating to Cryptocurrency
In what is being reported as a developing story that can significantly impact securities and crypto regulation, rumors are circulating that SEC Chair Gary Gensler may be on the way out as head of the agency. The reports are pointing to Hester Pierce as the most likely person to replace him. How would this impact public markets and the future state of cryptocurrency regulation? We discuss these questions and thoughts below.
Background
Whale (@whalechart) is a crypto news provider with an account on the microblogging platform X. It is widely respected, with 363,000 followers. Whale announced this morning (August 14), “SEC Commissioner Hester Peirce is being considered to replace Gary Gensler as the head of the regulatory agency.” This small post (or tweet) has triggered waves of speculation about the upcoming course of securities regulation for both registered products and cryptocurrencies like Bitcoin.
Ms. Peirce is known for her strong support of innovation and outside-the-box thinking. She has been a commissioner of the SEC since 2018, appointed by President Trump. Pierce is a former academic and lawyer who has specialized in securities law and financial regulation. She is known for her views on the regulation of cryptocurrencies and other emerging technologies.
What the SEC May Look Like Under Hester Pierce
Peirce, who has a reputation as being pro-innovation, has been a bold advocate for embracing disruptive technologies like cryptocurrencies and blockchain. If the rumors are accurate and she does find her way to the position of top securities cop, it could signal a shift towards a more accommodating regulatory stance, with a leader whose thoughts on fintech and digital assets are known.
If the days are indeed numbered for the SEC’s current head Gary Gensler, the traditional and digital asset markets would mainly view this as a positive. President Biden’s appointee, Gary Gensler, has been a catalyst behind the intensified scrutiny and rule-making within the overall cryptocurrency realm. His time in the position has led the SEC’s tightening its grip on digital asset exchanges and clamping down on many Initial Coin Offerings (ICOs).
Gensler has been acting to protect consumers, but many critics argue that the SEC under his lead, has been led to too much interference in free markets. With Peirce potentially in the drivers seat, the probability of the regulator embracing crypto assets in a less restrictive way increases dramatically.
Those impacted the most by a changed SEC head have weighed in already with diverse ideologies and opinions. Advocates assert that her penchant for innovation could sow the seeds for heightened financial growth. They contend that a friendlier regulatory outlook might be the medicine needed to embolden new ideas and investors to explore new opportunities – this, they say, could give the economy a lift.
Those opposed to a Hester Peirce nomination warn against a looser regulatory environment that could leave investors exposed to heightened risks. Their call is for the SEC to remain a vigilant guardian of investor interests, standing as a wall against potential deceit or market manipulation.
As the news regarding Peirce’s probable elevation continues to spread on social media and in articles like this, the pressing question many market participants are trying to discern is, will the SEC take a gentler road to new tech innovations or will it hold overly tight to its role concerning investor safety? If the change happens, there could be a celebratory bump in the value of crypto assets and others.
The crypto-unit bitcoin holds out the prospect of something revolutionary: money created in the free market, money the production and use of which the state has no access to. The transactions carried out with it are anonymous; outsiders do not know who paid and who received the payment. It would be money that cannot be multiplied at will, whose quantity is finite, that knows no national borders, and that can be used unhindered worldwide. This is possible because the bitcoin is based on a special form of electronic data processing and storage: blockchain technology (a “distributed ledger technology,” DLT), which can also be described as a decentralized account book.
Think through the consequences if such a “denationalized” form of money should actually prevail in practice. The state can no longer tax its citizens as before. It lacks information on the labor and capital incomes of citizens and enterprises and their total wealth. The only option left to the state is to tax the assets in the “real world”—such as houses, land, works of art, etc. But this is costly and expensive. It could try to levy a “poll tax”: a tax in which everyone pays the same absolute tax amount—regardless of the personal circumstances of the taxpayers, such as income, wealth, ability, to achieve and so on. But would that be practicable? Could it be enforced? This is doubtful.
The state could also no longer simply borrow money. In a cryptocurrency world, who would give credit to the state? The state would have to justify the expectation that it would use the borrowed money productively to service its debt. But as we know, the state is not in a position to do this or is in a much worse position than private companies. So even if the state could obtain credit, it would have to pay a comparatively high interest rate, severely restricting its scope for credit financing.
In view of the financial disempowerment of the state by a cryptocurrency, the question arises: Could the state as we know it today still exist at all, could it still mobilize enough supporters and gather them behind it? After all, the fantasies of redistribution and enrichment that today drive many people as voters into the arms of political parties and ideologies would disappear into thin air. The state would no longer function as a redistribution machine; it basically would have little or no money to finance political promises. Cryptocurrencies therefore have the potential to herald the end of the state as we know it today.
The transition from the national fiat currencies to a cryptocurrency created in the free market has, above all, consequences for the existing fiat monetary system and the production and employment structure it has created. Suppose a cryptocurrency (C) rises in the favor of money demanders. It is increasingly in demand and therefore appreciates against the established fiat currency (F). If the prices of goods, calculated in F, remain unchanged, the holder of C records an increase in his purchasing power: one obtains more F for C and can purchase more goods, provided that the prices of goods, calculated in F, remain unchanged.
Since C has now appreciated compared to F, the prices of the goods expressed in F must also rise sooner or later—otherwise the holder of C could arbitrate by exchanging C for F and then paying the prices of the goods labeled in F. And because more and more people want to use C as money, goods prices will soon be labeled not only in F, but also in C. When money users increasingly turn away from F because they see C as the better money, the purchasing power devaluation of F continues. Because F is an unbacked currency, in extreme cases it can lose its purchasing power and become a total loss.
The decline in the purchasing power of F will have far-reaching consequences for the production and employment structure of the economy. It leads to an increase in market interest rates for loans denominated in F. Investments that have so far seemed profitable turn out to be a flop. Companies cut jobs. Debtors whose loans become due have problems obtaining follow-up loans and become insolvent. The boom provided by the fiat currencies collapses and turns into a bust. If the central banks accompany this bust with an expansion of the money supply, the exchange rate of the fiat currencies against the cryptocurrency will fall even further. The purchasing power of the sight, time, and savings deposits and bonds denominated in fiat currencies would be lost; in the event of loan defaults, creditors could only hope to be (partially) compensated by the collateral values, if any.
However, the bitcoin has not yet developed to the point where it could be a perfect substitute for the fiat currencies. For example, the performance of the bitcoin network is not yet large enough. At present, it is operating at full capacity when it processes around 360,000 payments per day. In Germany alone, however, around 75 million transfers are made in one working day! Another problem with bitcoin transactions is finality. In modern fiat cash payment systems, there is a clearly identifiable point in time at which a payment is legally and de facto completed, and from that point on the money transferred can be used immediately. However, DLT consensus techniques (such as proof of work) only allow relative finality, and this is undoubtedly detrimental to the money user (because blocks added to the blockchain can subsequently become invalid by resolving forks).
The transaction costs are also of great importance regarding whether the bitcoin can assert itself as a universally used means of payment. In the recent past, there have been some major fluctuations in this area: In mid-June 2019, a transaction cost about $4.10, in December 2017 it peaked at more than $37, but in the meantime for many months it had been only $0.07. In addition, the time taken to process a transaction had also fluctuated considerably at times, which may be disadvantageous from the point of view of bitcoin users in view of the emergence of instant payment for fiat cash payments.
Another important aspect is the question of the “intermediary.” Bitcoin is designed to enable intermediary-free transactions between participants. But do the market participants really want intermediary–free money? What if there are problems? For example, if someone made a mistake and transferred one hundred bitcoins instead of one, he cannot reverse the transaction. And nobody can help him! The fact that many hold their bitcoins in trading venues and not in their private digital wallets suggests that even in a world of cryptocurrencies there is a demand for intermediaries offering services such as storage and security of private keys.
However, as soon as intermediaries come into play, the transaction chain is no longer limited to the digital world, but reaches the real world. At the interface between the digital and the real world, a trustworthy entity is required. Just think of credit transactions. They cannot be performed unseen (trustless) and anonymously. Payment defaults can happen here, and therefore the lender wants to know who the borrower is, what credit quality he has, what collateral he provides. And if the bridge is built from the digital to the real world, the crypto-money inevitably finds itself in the crosshairs of the state. However, this bridge will ultimately be necessary, because in modern economies with a division of labor, money must have the capacity for intermediation.
It is safe to assume that technology will continue to make progress, that it will remove many remaining obstacles. However, it can also be expected that the state will make every effort to discourage a free market for money, for example, by reducing the competitiveness of alternative money media such as precious metals and crypto-units vis-à-vis fiat money through tax measures (such as turnover and capital gains taxes). As long as this is the case, it will be difficult even for money that is better in all other respects to assert itself.
Therefore, technical superiority alone will probably not be sufficient to help free market money—whether in the form of gold, silver, or crypto-units—achieve a breakthrough. In addition, and above all, it will be necessary for people to demand their right to self-determination in the choice of money or to recognize the need to make use of it. Ludwig von Mises has cited the “sound-money principle” in this context: “[T]he sound-money principle has two aspects. It is affirmative in approving the market’s choice of a commonly used medium of exchange. It is negative in obstructing the government’s propensity to meddle with the currency system.” And he continues: “It is impossible to grasp the meaning of the idea of sound money if one does not realize that it was devised as an instrument for the protection of civil liberties against despotic inroads on the part of governments. Ideologically it belongs in the same class with political constitutions and bills of rights.”
These words make it clear that in order for a free market for money to become at all possible, quite a substantial change must take place in people’s minds. We must turn away from democratic socialism, from all socialist-collectivist false doctrines, from their state-glorifying delusion, no longer listen to socialist appeals to envy and resentment. This can only be achieved through better insight, acceptance of better ideas and logical thinking. Admittedly, this is a difficult undertaking, but it is not hopeless. Especially since there is a logical alternative to democratic socialism: the private law society with a free market for money. What this means is outlined in the final chapter of this book.
About the Author:
Dr. Thorsten Polleit is Chief Economist of Degussa and Honorary Professor at the University of Bayreuth. He also acts as an investment advisor.
