U.S. stocks slipped on Friday as investors locked in profits heading into the long weekend, but the pullback wasn’t enough to erase August’s gains. The S&P 500 retreated 0.7% after notching a fresh record earlier in the week, while the Nasdaq Composite dropped 1.2% and the Dow Jones Industrial Average fell 123 points, or 0.3%.
Despite the losses, August remains another winning month for equities. The Dow is tracking a roughly 3% gain, the S&P 500 is up nearly 2%, and the Nasdaq has advanced more than 1%. That would mark the fourth consecutive month of gains for the broad market index, underscoring investor resilience even as inflation data and policy uncertainty remain in focus.
A key driver of Friday’s caution was the latest reading of the Federal Reserve’s preferred inflation gauge. Core Personal Consumption Expenditures (PCE) rose 2.9% year-over-year in July, matching expectations but accelerating from the prior month. The increase, the highest since February, highlighted ongoing price pressures just as the Fed prepares for its September policy meeting.
While inflation remains sticky, market consensus still points to a rate cut next month. Analysts note that the Fed is increasingly balancing inflation concerns against signs of cooling in the labor market. For now, many strategists believe the central bank will move forward with a cut, although the pace and magnitude of easing remain open questions.
Friday’s weakness also came against the backdrop of strong recent performance, leading some to view the decline as simple profit-taking. The S&P 500 had just closed above the 6,500 level for the first time, and investors often trim positions after fresh highs ahead of holiday weekends.
Earnings season added another layer to the cautious mood. Nvidia, which recently reported 56% revenue growth and reaffirmed its position at the center of the AI trade, slid 3% as traders digested headlines about China’s Alibaba developing a more advanced chip. The update raised questions about long-term competition and underscored the geopolitical risks surrounding U.S. technology exports.
Elsewhere, tariff worries resurfaced after Caterpillar warned of a potential $1.5 billion to $1.8 billion hit this year from new U.S. trade measures. Retailer Gap also flagged pressure on profits, highlighting how trade policy remains a headwind for corporate America.
Looking ahead, September looms as a potential test for the rally. Historically, the month has been the weakest for stocks, with the S&P 500 averaging a 0.7% decline since 1950, according to The Stock Trader’s Almanac. Bespoke Investment Group notes that the index has posted especially lackluster September performances over the past decade.
Still, momentum heading into the new month suggests investors are willing to look past near-term headwinds. With inflation cooling gradually, the Fed leaning toward easing, and earnings broadly holding up, the market may find support even as seasonal trends turn less favorable.